The Postural Restoration Podcast (Postural Restoration Institute)

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast,  I sat down with Dr. James Carlson who will be presenting at our 13th Annual Interdisciplinary Integration symposium on April 21-22nd. Dr. Carlson began studying gnathological principles while still a student at the University of Minnesota dental school nearly 60 years ago. While there, he had the opportunity to study under one of the top gnathologists at the time, Dr. Charles Stewart, and learn his techniques using the Stewart Articulator. From then on, he knew he wanted to pursue a dental career studying these principles. Following his dental schooling, Dr. Carlson spent 3 years in the Navy, eventually settling into his first private practice in Alaska. In his early years of  clinical practice, he began studying and applying the concepts of Centric Relation (CR) of the temporomandibular joints, and Centric Occlusion (CO) of the bite. Around this time, he was also introduced to the concept of "Dental Kinesiology", published by George Eversaul. These studies and others, allowed Dr. Carlson to see the influence that the neuromuscular system has on jaw position. Throughout these early years his "patients became his professors" and he has continued to learn from them and numerous other integrative minds throughout his career.

Dr. Carlson began introducing these concepts within his appliance fabrication  and began to see an even greater influence of the neuromuscular system on dentition. His appliances at the time were meant to calibrate the maxilla to the mandible through the use of vertical height, anterior/posterior guidance and other qualities. This led him to the work of Dr. Barney Jankelson, who is widely known as the founder of Physiological Dentistry. From this point, his career was focused on Form vs. Function within the Stomatognathic system. This thinking led him to collaborate with not only numerous other dentists, but also included a 20 year partnership with an integrative chiropractor who also introduced him to the influence of Podiatry and the foots influence on posture. Through these collaborations, he was introduced to the Acculiner System which he spent many years selling and training others on its use. During this period he learned the importance of a level bite plane, and has promoted the concept ever since.

Throughout his career, Dr. Carlson has authored numerous papers and publications. Starting off with "Beyond Dental Care", which he summarizes as "everything I wasn't taught in Dental School". We then discuss his original publication which was titled "Physiologic Occlusion" but was retitled "Orthocranial Occlusion & Dentition Design" following the release of a new edition. And "Analyzing the Stomatognathic System", in which the concepts of "Form vs. Function" of the entire system is addressed more globally. These publications played a large role in Ron's own study of the stomatognathic system and Dr. Carlson's experience and passion for these concepts were a primary factor in the decision to host this years symposium,  "The Stomatognathic System - An Interdisciplinary Approach in the Management of Spatial Navigation and Structural Strength". We end our discussion joined by Ron to discuss how they plan to navigate these concepts through their presentations next month. We are very excited for the opportunity to introduce our PRI community to Dr. Carlson and these topics as Ron Hruska, Dr. James Carlson and Jason Masek collaborate throughout this years symposium.

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I welcome Torin Berge, PT, MPT, PRC who practices at the Hruska Clinic and plays a vital role in the PRIME Program. Growing up Torin spent countless hours in a Pediatric PT setting with his brother who diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy was in and out of therapy frequently. It was during this time that his love for the profession grew. Torin graduated from the University of North Dakota in 1999 with his Masters in Physical Therapy. Torin was also an avid swimmer and swam throughout college and his entire childhood. Although he appreciates the foundation received in schooling he acknowledges that he was introduced to many "whats" but never really received the "whys" behind the symptoms or diagnosis studied.

To start his career Torin provided care across pediatric clinics, and across both outpatient and acute hospital settings, but he quickly realized there had to be something more, a piece still missing. Torin was led to the PRI coursework through the community in Souix City, including Jane Stanley who got him to his first Protonics course. During which he heard someone discussing the relationship between the lower extremities and the cervical spine for the first time. Even though much of the science was still new at the time, Torin knew that there would be more to come, and slowly the "whys" behind all of his questions started being addressed. During these early years of coursework Torin began incorporating the science within his practice, but like many, continued to hit roadblocks along the way. The inability to incorporate PRI into his clinical setting helped him make the decision to look elsewhere.

In 2011, Torin joined the Hruska Clinic in Lincoln, Nebraska and has been growing ever since. Shortly after accepting this position and moving his family, Torin became credentialed as part of the 2012 PRC Class. The timing of Torin's presence here coincided with a time period of tremendous growth within the Integration of PRI concepts. Not only was he surrounded with great colleagues who had been using PRI for decades, but he was now also a part of integrating with Optometrists, Dentists and Podiatrists on a regular basis. PRI Vision underwent its foundational years with his involvement, and the incorporation of dental integration was being explored like never before. These were the early days of integration, "pre-PRIME", and the level of exploration, integration, and evolving treatments, were at an all time high.

As time went on, similar patterns of patient care became apparent. Patients came from international places because no other provider could find the "why" behind their "what" problem. The pieces of these patients' puzzles were not being put together, and even when each piece of dysfunction had been appropriately managed, they still failed to manage the  integration long term. Out of these years, working alongside Ron Hruska and the entire integrative team, the Postural Restoration Institute Multidisciplinary Engagement (PRIME) Program was founded. It too continued to evolve over the years and has remained a focal point of the PRI community when looking for models of integrative care. Today Torin and his team work not only with extremely hard to manage cases, but also with other PRI Providers, to provide guidance, support and treatment for patients and their providers they may already be working with. Through PRIME the pieces of the Podal, Occlusal, Visual and multiple other systems are put together and continuously managed by Torin and his colleagues, "The Integrators".

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Joan Hanson who is a Physical Therapist located in Sioux Falls, SD. Joan has been practicing physical therapy for 30 years and for most of those years has done so with Sanford Health Systems. As we navigate her career and how PRI has shaped and directed it, it is clear to see why Joan was awarded the PRI Directors Dedication Award this past April for her ongoing commitment to this science. In 1992, she earned her Master’s degree in Physical Therapy from the Mayo School of Health-Related Sciences in Rochester, MN. Joan started her private practice, Physical Therapy Solutions, in 1999 after several years in various outpatient settings.

Later that year, Joan was introduced to Protonics  and encouraged to take a course. Because of a prior knee injury, on the right side, Joan was selected as a model in this course and sensed what a left hamstring could do for her right sided knee pain for the first time. Joan discusses how this first encounter with asymmetry and using both sides of the body to treat it, shaped her practice from the beginning. In 2001 Joan took her first Myokinematic Restoration course and began applying the science with her patients. Over the following two decades Joan would go on to complete over 30 PRI courses, and discusses how this journey has directly shaped her clinical practice.

In 2008 Joan sold her practice to Sanford Health. This partnership has allowed her and her clinical staff to continue to use PRI  over the years. We discuss both the challenges and opportunities this partnership has provided as well as some of the people that were involved along the way. As she continued to run her practice under the lens of PRI based treatment, Joan has mentored and collaborated with many clinicians introducing asymmetrical concepts, breathing and positional sense along the way.

Although she had this community around her, the science was in its early years and the resources that exist today were not all always available. As a way to get more involved with the PRI community and other clinicians apart of it, Joan completed her PRC certification in 2005 as part of the second class. Joan goes on to discuss how this and other opportunities allowed her to stay connected to the science. Throughout the years Joan has taken advantage of nearly every opportunity available to ask questions, stay connected, and continue to learn through not only course offerings but also the many other resources that have since been created. We discuss how these resources, such as the PRIVY platform, PRI Google group, and many trips to Lincoln have helped Joan answer her questions over the years. Early on Joan recalls taking advantage of one-on-one clinical time spent alongside Ron Hruska, seeing first hand how each repositioning activity was meant to be performed and who they were meant for.

As Joan continued to incorporate PRI activities with her patients, she discusses the importance of relying on the tests to confirm ones ability to alternate, breathe and sense both sides of their bodies. These basic concepts are often the start point of her treatment and we discuss the importance of “the process” and how often times these concepts can be overlooked by trying to progress through integration of systems too quickly, or with patients that may not need integration of multiple systems. Throughout the years Joan has not only desired to learn and grow with this science individually, but has always attempted to share and help those around her learn and utilize it as well.  This has increased her interest in things like dance, sleep, audiology, boxing, and many others as she integrates PRI into her everyday life. 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Brad Gilden, who graduated with a Masters of Science from New York Medical College in 2000 and a Clinical Doctorate in upper quarter and hand therapy, from Drexel University in 2004. Since his schooling Brad has completed several certifications including the completion of  the Functional Manual Therapy training and Fellowship from the Institute of Physical Art (IPA), alongside many others. Early on in his career Brad knew he wanted more out of his role as a provider, than the 15 minutes he was being allotted per patient. This journey led him to multiple rehab settings dealing with both acute and chronic pain presentations, neurological disorders and amputees. This journey ultimately led Brad to start his private practice, Elite Health Services, in 2005. Allowing him to start incorporating more into his clinical practice working alongside Strength Trainers, Pilates Instructors and many other movement professionals as he built his model around this team approach.

 In 2010 he was introduced to Dr. Michael Gelb as a patient and felt the effects of dental integration first hand, for the first time. This experience opened Brads mind to the power of autonomic regulation via an oral appliance and he knew that many people patterns would be very challenging to dissociate without this missing piece of the puzzle. This experience opened the door to his conversations with dentists as a whole and his appreciation for their role. While realizing for the first time that dentists where not only open to collaboration with him in his role, but they were searching for it as well.

As both Brads integration with dentistry and his collaboration with Dr. Gelb grew, he was quickly surrounded by others searching for the same integration. This led him to Dr. Howard Hindin who together with Dr. Gelb, founded the American Academy of Physiologic Medicine and Dentistry (AAPMD). As their movement of collaboration together grew, Brad was given the opportunity to present at their second Annual Conference. Sharing the stage with people like Mariano Racobato, Roger Price, Jennifer Hobson, and Barry Raphael among many other well known speakers. It was after his presentation focused around the role of the diaphragm and its influence on the orofacial complex as a whole, that Heather Carr first introduced him to the work of Ron Hruska. Shortly after Brad took his first Postural Respiration course.

In 2016, Brad was given the opportunity to organize the PT Track of the Annual AAPMD conference and he knew that he needed to try and get both Ron and PRI as a whole involved. After a series of meetings Ron agreed to present for the first time as part of the 2017 collaboration cures convention. As a result of the series of courses and collaboration through PRI that Brad had completed, including mentorship alongside Ron working together in Manhattan, Brad became Postural Restoration Certified in 2020.

Brad and I discuss the history of our shared collaboration over the past several years. And specifically, his journey of integrating with the field of dentistry and the idea of “standing on the shoulder of giants, and passing their work onto the world”. To end our conversation Brad discusses how the evolution of the Physical Therapy track has grown, which this year will include Myofunctional Therapy and other therapists collaborating together in one place. Brad goes on to discuss this years AAPMD Collaboration Cures Convention on September 15-18th. For more information on this years meeting, the agenda and speaker line up, as well as a PT Track Discount I encourage you to visit the AAPMD Collaboration Cures page for more information.

Welcome to the fourth episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast! In this episode, I am joined by Jennifer Poulin PT, PRC who graduated from the University of Vermont in Burlington and currently resides and practices in Pinehurst, NC. After several clinical opportunities which took Jen to New Orleans, followed by a short time in Tennessee, Jen had a desire to return home to Burlington. It was during this time that she encountered one of her first clinical mentors, Scott Sears who was one of the initial PRI supporters in Burlington. Following this opportunity Jen was introduced to yet another mentor in Jim Downs who would help lead Jen to the creation and foundation of Longtrail Physical Therapy. Jen worked as part owner of Longtrail PT for about 5 years in what she describes as a high volume clinical setting. It was during this time that Jen met her husband Chris, who was working on his Athletic Training hours under the Athletic Trainer employed by Longtrail at the time. Jen and Chris quickly grew their practice, not through a specific referral source but rather by focusing on the Student Athlete and General Public as a whole. This foundation and their focus on Sports Performance would continue to be the basis for their future growth!

While becoming increasingly frustrated from seeing 3-4 patients per hour, Jen found herself looking for more. While considering other routes of clinical care, Jen completed several Continuing Education courses in the hopes of adding some clinical knowledge to her skill set. Through another Physical Therapist, Lesli Bell, Jen was introduced to a Private Protonics course at the nearby "Timberlane Physical Therapy" clinic when she first met Ron Hruska. Michelin Carroll, a longtime supporter of our institute attended a Protonics course and played a Pivotal role in bringing Ron to Timberlane. Through meeting Leslie he would later return numerous times to this PRI hotbed. After the initial implementation of some of these concepts Jen and Chris felt compelled to open up their own practice, allowing them to spend more time with patients and incorporate other forms of patient care.

Through the creation of Poulin Performance, Jen and Chris were able to blend the best of both of their professional worlds under one roof. Poulin Performance would quickly become a successful Athletic Performance and Rehab Facility. Jen and Chris quickly began hosting PRI courses and their roles of providing Mentor-ship to many new employees and students followed. After becoming Postural Restoration Certified in 2005, Jen and her staff attended numerous courses. Following the completion of the Cervical Cranio-Mandibular course taught at Poulin Performance by Ron Hruska, Jen voiced her desire to help teach for the institute. Through further development and guidance Jen joined the PRI Faculty in 2010. Since then Jen and Chris have used the very same model and foundation they created in Vermont, and have started Sandhills Sports Performance after moving to Pinehurst, NC.

Sandhills Sports Performance welcomes many patients from the area, specifically a large number of Military families, and Golfers. Jen continues to focus largely on mentor-ship and the development of her employees alongside the education of her patients to better their outcomes while incorporating Postural Restoration. Jen hopes to continue this passion while spreading their model to several new cities in the years to co

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast i am joined by Craig Depperschmidt, DPT, PRC. Craig grew up in Loveland, CO and finished his degree in Integrative Physiology from the University of Colorado at Boulder.  After spending a summer biking across the country, he headed to Flagstaff, Arizona, where he graduated with distinction from Northern Arizona University with a Doctorate in Physical Therapy.  From an early age, due to an active lifestyle, Craig became aware how a restriction or injury in one area of his body effected his whole system, and through multiple sports and associated injuries he learned the value of an integrated approach. In 2011 Craig attended the Advanced Integration course and for the first time in over a decade, was able to run without pain through his feet, shins, and low back. Craig credits this moment in his personal and professional journey, to a single technique, the Standing Supported Wall Reach, which for the first time allowed him to feel the effects of respiration in the thorax throughout his lower extremities. From this point on he was hooked.

In 2010 the clinic Craig work for at the time hosted both the Postural Respiration and Myokinematic Restoration courses and this exposure provided a foundation for the rest of Craig's PRI journey. One particular statement regarding the observations of a Left AIC pattern, pushed Craig to prove it within his own clinical setting, and from there his love for the PRI primary object tests was born. From these first two courses Craig has since aimed to perform the associated tests with every patient who came through his door. This A-B-A experimental design of performing the tests, followed by technique intervention and finally re-testing, became standard for Craig and is something he is still passionate about as a provider, mentor, and faculty member today.

Craig and I go on to discuss how he uses a PRI approach within his population of clientele, primarily consisting of endurance athletes and weekend warriors. Craig's own experiences as a triathlete, endurance runner and cyclist allow him to connect with his patients on a personal level. We go on to discuss how to appropriately introduce the concepts of sensory integration and positional education within this population and some of the ways Craig helps his patients make sense of themselves, particularly in the environments and spaces that they may not train or perform in. Craig is also Bikefit trained and uses his passion and knowledge to integrate PRI into cycling.

Craig became a PRC provider in 2012 and through attending PRI courses met his current colleague Brian Benjamin, DPT, PRC. Brian and Craig would go on to create ProActive PT in Fort Collins, CO. Today they are surrounded by an integrative team with the opportunity to mentor not only those interested in PT schooling but also the general public through several yearly events within their community. Outside of his community in Fort Collins Craig is excited to be joining the PRI Faculty and will begin teaching Myokinematic Restoration in 2023. These communities of PRI practitioners and mentorship from faculty and others, have allowed Craig to share his passions with others and we are so excited for him to be able to share them with all of you! 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Jason Miller, PT, MS, CSCS, PRC. Jason graduated from Ithaca College in 1999 and started his career as a Physical Therapist in NY state working with individuals with developmental disabilities. In 2000, he moved to Missoula, MT and began a 20-year career in the outpatient orthopedic setting. After a decade of work in this setting Jason was first introduced to the science of PRI by a colleague, Kevin Vogelzang. Jason has always been fascinated by biomechanics and in 2011 took his first PRI course which was the catalyst for a paradigm shift in his approach to physical medicine.

Jason discusses his early years of integrating PRI into an orthopedic setting while being in on a PRI island. He discusses the difficulties of applying PRI on your own, while appreciating the baby steps along the way. Some of his earliest success was achieved by selecting the appropriate clientele to introduce a new approach to. By starting with the right client, his early integration of repositioning had much better success. We go on to discuss how general PRI treatment looked like for Jason in a large outpatient, post-op setting, and some of the limitations he faced as well as how they affected his desire to treat and integrate areas other than the site of post operative care.

 In 2016, he joined the largest orthopedic practice in western Montana and later became the therapy department supervisor.  He provided numerous in-services and had many discussions with his fellow therapists and AT's as well as the MD's and PA's we worked with.  He has never forgotten the challenge of understanding and applying PRI from an orthopedic mindset and is passionate about helping smooth the transition for others. 

In 2017, he received the designation of Postural Restoration Certified (PRC) as a result of advanced training, extraordinary interest and devotion to the science of postural adaptations, asymmetrical patterns, and the influence of polyarticular chains of muscles on the human body as defined by the Postural Restoration Institute ®. 

Jason opened J Miller Physical Therapy in 2020 and currently practices in Mizzoula. Jason’s ongoing history and passion for teaching others was soon recognized by the Institute and in 2021 began training to teach Myokinematic Restoration which he has now instructed several times as he became a Faculty member of the Postural Restoration Institute. Jason is an avid outdoors man, skiing, fishing, hiking and enjoying all that the state of Montana has to offer!

Welcome to the fifth episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast! In this episode I am joined by Lori Thomsen, MPT, PRC. Lori attended Nebraska Wesleyan University prior to working towards her Masters of Physical Therapy at the University Of Nebraska Medical Center which she received in 1995. Although Lori first met Ron Hruska at a dinner party through a mutual friend, it wasn’t until she heard him lecture on Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMD) at UNMC that she recognized his unique way of thinking. Lori would go on to complete her last clinical rotation at St. Elizabeth’s Regional Medical Center in the Physical Therapy department which was under the director of Ron at the time.

After starting with a Geriatric population at Bryan Medical Center. She then shifted her career into Home Health rehab where she spent more time centered around each patient & their individual needs. Lori then moved to North Dakota and accepted her first Outpatient Role, taking a job at Riverview Health in Crookston, MN.  She quickly attended Myokinematic Restoration sharing a table with PRC’s Karen Jiran & Carrie Langer,  as a result her PRI journey quickly began. After successful outcomes started to occur and patient success increased, she was encouraged to attend Advanced Integration for the first time. Shortly after attending Advanced Integration and seeing the first PRC class go through credentialing, Lori worked towards the same goal. In 2005 Lori earned her Postural Restoration Certified Credential as part of the second class.

In 2006, Lori was hired at the Hruska Clinic. In 2010 Lori was asked to work with PRC, Heather Engelburt, to help develop what would later become the Pelvis Restoration course. As a result Lori would become faculty and continue to teach this newly created course. Lori is recognized for creating the annual Hruska Clinic shoe list. Her passion and experience as a runner and her clinical experience working from the ground up led Lori to focus on proper foot mechanics and footwear for each patient’s individual needs. PRI Orthotics are used in helping patients to find and feel their Heel, Arch & Toes but proper shoes are continually fit to aid in this process. When not in the clinic Lori enjoys traveling & attending Husker Football games & time with her dog Oakley. She continues to take part in community outreach and volunteers on a regular basis.

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Frank Mallon, PT, DPT, PRC. Frank grew up in the Philadelphia area and attended Physical Therapy school at Arcadia University. Although he has had many unique experiences in his home state he has remained there ever since. One of the biggest influences on his early career was the work of Shirley Sahrmann. In his first clinical setting, alongside one of his earliest mentors, Carl Mangione, they were able to implement these concepts with their patients and also share them in the university settings to others interested. Franks first years as a PT in this setting allowed him to explore other schools of thought that otherwise had not been introduced throughout his schooling.

Through this relationship, Frank was first introduced to PRI coursework and the science as a whole. In 2013 he took his first course, Pelvis Restoration, with Jennifer Poulin. After implementing what he had learned and seeing enough change within his patient population he knew additional coursework was merited. Over the next several years Frank attended many PRI courses, traveling from city to city to immerse himself more.

Two years from his first course exposure Frank achieved his Postural Restoration Certified (PRC) credential with the intent of providing a true form of PRI to his patients no matter what setting he may be in. Eventually finding himself directing various programs in the hospital setting he became more limited in the amount of freedom he had to incorporate all PRI aspects into his patient care. However overtime in this role he was able to introduce the science to his patients and other providers within this orthopedic hospital setting. 

Like many within our community, Frank at one point needed integrative care for himself, and found himself seeking that out through the PRIME Program here in Lincoln. This experience solidified his desire to be able to offer similar services in his area of Philadelphia. Over time Frank began building an Integrative team of many varying professionals within the fields of dentistry, optometry, and other modalities to begin building a network of integrative care. This style of interdisciplinary care, would eventually lead him to start a private practice to be able to offer services and incorporate integrative care in a more meaningful way. 

Frank has since built Renaissance Physical Therapy & Wellness into a practice that allows him to do just that. Incorporating PRI with every client and working closely with multiple disciplines to address dysfunctions across many systems as a holistic team. Renaissance Physical Therapy is available in 5 locations around the Philly metro, and beyond offering his clinical services, Frank stays very active in the community by educating others on the role they too can have as part of a team approach to neurological re-patterning.

In this episode we discuss some of the challenges that providers may face when first learning to implement the science of Postural Restoration, and the effort it takes to build relationships with integrative professionals in your own community while appreciating the power of doing so. PRI communities are not formed over night and Franks journey is a testament to the commitment and dedication required to be able to offer a truly integrative approach to those in your own communities.

In this episode of the Postural Restoration podcast I welcome Deanna Elliott who practices from her private outpatient clinic, Centered PT & Wellness in Grants Pass, OR. Deanna focuses her practice primarily spending time helping pregnant mothers through their journey of pregnancy, functional medicine, and beyond. From an early age she knew she wanted to help people feel better through healthcare, but through a personal ACL injury was introduced to Physical Therapy. She later graduated with her Doctorate of Physical Therapy from Western University of Health Sciences in 2011. Before even starting her career she knew a bigger picture, holistic approach was her goal.

Deanna started her early career in Wyoming within numerous settings. She experienced home health, skilled nursing, neuro rehab, school setting and outpatient care during her early years in the field. The confines of these settings quickly made her realize she wanted more. Around this time she experienced her first pregnancy taking on whole body changes for the first time. The changes she experienced and the lack of answers available from traditional medicine led to further frustration. One question to her doctor in particular (“when am I going to Poop normal again”) was the tipping point for her to further explore alternative ways to recover.

Upon googling “Pelvic Biomechanics” Deanna found PRI and shortly after took her first course in 2016. In her words, “this was it!” she couldn’t believe that a systematic approach with “answers” to questions she had, already existed. This holistic approach among other Functional Medicine seminars she had attended led her to start her own practice the way she wanted to. In 2017 she started Centered PT & Wellness in order to do just that. At the same time she was quickly progressing through her PRI journey and in 2020 completed her PRC. She credits this process for a change in her perspective and treatment approach, looking at each person individually, uniquely and differently, every time you see them.

Based on her own experiences through multiple pregnancies she knew she wanted to help other moms experience better pregnancies and post-partum experiences for themselves. She explains that less is often more with any population but especially moms experiencing pregnancy. Focusing her treatment on starting with the basics, breathing, daily living, and most importantly remaining grounded. Whether taking someone through birthing preparation for a better labor, or helping them develop a individual post-partum plan, Deanna focuses her attention on their ability to maintain ground sense for pelvic positioning, respiration, and rest.

Deanna doesn’t stop at the diaphragms. Her treatment approach also focuses on the functional side of digestion, gut health, vagal tone, autonomics and the daily experiences that her patients deal with. Alongside reeducation for daily living, Deanna uses tools like the GI Map to test for microbial health, genetic mutations or hormonal deficiencies, such as methylation, among also testing inflammation, nutrition and other mapping. Deanna often requires her patients to agree to a “journey” with her through multiple tests and re-tests if she is going to work with them, as she believes all of it needs to be addressed individually within the same program for every patient.

Deanna has many resources available such as guides for birthing, post-partum recovery, breech babies, and “busy moms” in order to balance their body alongside the journey of growing a baby. Check out centeredphysicaltherapy.com for more information.

In this episode of the Postural Restoration podcast I am joined by Yoshi Mitsuyama, who currently resides in Nashville, TN. Yoshi started his athletic training career in Rolla, Missouri after graduating from Northern Colorado. While working as a collegiate athletic trainer in Rolla he had the opportunity to intern with Sporting KC and step into the world of professional soccer. It was here that Yoshi was introduced to PRI concepts from Kentaro Ishii who was working there at the time. Yoshi discusses seeing strange activities being performed early on in his internship and became interested in the reasoning behind the techniques he saw being performed. After being introduced to the science of PRI Yoshi signed up for all three primary courses at the same time, completing them in 3 months over the summer. Yoshi discusses his early years of implementing PRI and having a new tool to provide individualized programming.
After several years implementing PRI within collegiate and professional settings in MO, Yoshi earned his PRT in 2018. Shortly after, he accepted an opportunity to move back to Colorado and accept a position with the Colorado Rapids. Building on his experience in MO, he was now able to provide one on one attention to professional soccer athletes while working alongside performance teams and other professionals who were apart of these athletes lives. Yoshi discusses the challenges of implementing a new approach within this team setting, and making sure that others involved were complimenting the PRI programming that these athletes were utilizing. One of the biggest aspects of bridging the gap between the performance side and "rehab" team, along with the athletes individual involvement, was determining what factors outside of their sport were affecting their performance. While performing at a high level is done day in and day out, the activities that are attempted outside of sport such as driving, sitting, walking etc. often cause tension, or autonomic tone, until addressed.
Yoshi has also spent time clinically working alongside PRC Lisa Kelly, and through their partnership of "Tri-Planar Movement Therapies" he was able to see and implement PRI within a more clinical setting along with a totally new client population. This time together allowed Yoshi to gain appreciation for ongoing vestibular, dysautonomic issues that not only were these clinical patients experiencing but also the athletes alike. We discuss what some of the symptoms are that these populations are dealing with whether from concussions, orthostatic issues, past traumas or the umbrella term of dysautonomia.
Since his time in CO, Yoshi has since moved to Nashville initially working with Nashville, FC and now working as a private consultant within his community. This has presented him with yet another population of people seeking out PRI treatment and he has began working alongside Erika Young (voice coach) to help singers gain control of their voice via PRI concepts of position, respiration and retraining their systems to allow proper pressure regulation for the production of sound. Throughout these diverse populations Yoshi has been a part of, We discuss how all of these cases have similar needs when it comes to ground sense, breathing mechanics and sense of ones self, whether kicking a soccer ball, singing on stage, or just trying to get out of bed. Yoshi will be presenting a live case study alongside Torin Berge as part of the 2025 PRI Interdisciplinary Studies Summit in April.

In the Sixth Episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am welcomed by Dan Houglum, ATC, MSPT, PRC. Dan is an Athletic Training graduate of South Dakota State University, and furthered his pursuit of Physical Therapy at Des Moines University receiving his Masters in 1999. Dan was first introduced to Ron during his clinical rotation at St. Elizabeth’s outpatient PT department in Lincoln. Although he knew Ron’s technique was unique, it wasn’t until later attending a one day Protonics course in Chicago that Dan would start his journey of learning more about this approach. 

Dan’s knowledge of Athletic Training and the biomechanics behind human movement provide a solid foundation in his clinical skillset. Dan’s orthopedic background in various hospital settings and outpatient clinics, strengthen his ability to focus on the structure and function of lower extremity kinematics as he presents Myokinematic Restoration each year. Dan has Authored various articles, most recently including “Hruska Abduction and Adduction Lift Tests as Related To the Gait Cycle” and “Hruska ADDuction and ABDuction Lift Tests Related to PRI Reference Centers”. 

Dan was a member of the PRC class of 2012, and became PRI Faculty in 2016. He currently practices in Wilmette, IL and owns and operates Houglum Physical Therapy in a shared space with PRC Donna Parise-Bryne and her Pilates Central Studio. Dan currently teaches Myokinematic Restoration and will begin training to teach Postural Respiration in 2020!

Dan Houglum, PRI Find a Provider Page

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Betsy Baker-Bold who resides in Everett, WA. Betsy was pivotal in bringing PRI to the pacific northwest alongside her own journey.  Betsy took her first course Myokinematic Restoration in 2010 when her employer at the time, Olympic Physical Therapy was hosting. Coming from a heavily manual based educational background Betsy and her colleagues were introduce to this new neurological perspective and left with the question of what to do with it. Betsy recalls these struggles from a clinical perspective of not only exploring asymmetry as a whole but then translating it with the colleagues around her to apply it to approaches they were already utilizing. Betsy played a role in our return to WA and continuing to host courses there, as she was hungry for more and saw this as a missing link in her skill set.

Betsy has always considered a bigger picture, holistic approach and saw a way for that to be done through a PRI lens. Following some changes within this outpatient clinic, Betsy started her sole practice "Bold Performance Solutions" in 2018 in an attempt to offer an integrated approach to address positional, neurological, repatterning in a one on one manner. For her this includes identifying the needs of the person in front of her, and helping them identify themselves and their own needs. Often including things like lifestyle changes to illicit long term change. Betsy has incorporated her training as a health coach into the lives of her patients by empowering not only the way individuals view themselves, but in turn their sense of self through positive guidance, and incorporation of PRI positional activities to increase ones awareness of their place in space.

Betsy has a storied history with downhill skiing and from a young age coached and trained others in this sport. She not only has a passion for the sport itself, spending as much time on the mountainside as possible but also applying the concepts of respiration, alternation and position to this activity with those she trains. Over the decades Betsy has worked with all levels of skiers including time as the Physical Therapist for the U.S. Ski team and Austrian national team as well as other high level athletes. We discuss the differences in applying PRI with this population vs. those who may be just trying to sense things for the first time. Betsy discusses her approach in helping anyone along this spectrum of performance be able to sense themselves better via control of their positioning and regulation of respiration. Often finding that whether its a general population patient or a performance athlete, everyone will benefit from "stacking" a thorax over a pelvis and being able to sense themselves on the ground and in the space around them. The difference being in the appropriate time to make these changes to someones system in front of you, without disturbing their reliance on previously patterned performance.

Through her lifestyle and health coaching, sensory integration, and journey alongside Postural Restoration as it has evolved, Betsy's perspective is one we can all learn from. She not only helps those she works with, but has lived these concepts and gone through her own journey finding a renewed sense of self within the world around her. Providing us all with tremendous insight into incorporating PRI concepts in our lives and through a unique passion and strong history alongside those who incorporate it on skis.

In the Seventh Episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Kentaro Ishii, MS, ATC/L, PES, CES, CSCS, PRT (Kenny) from Tokyo, Japan. Kenny grew up in Mishima, Japan and after attending school there moved to the United States to pursue further education in Athletic Training at Texas Christian University (TCU). While there Kenny gained his Bachelors of Science in Athletic Training and later went on to achieve his Masters of Science in Exercise Science through California University of Pennsylvania. Kenny has a wide ranging background in sports medicine including time with the Fort Worth Flyers, Dallas Cowboys, Kansas City Wizards (Sporting KC) and various other settings. While working with Sporting KC initially as an assistant Athletic Trainer and later as the head Athletic Trainer and Rehab Coordinator, Kenny was introduced to PRI techniques through the players there who were already utilizing these concepts. After completing his first Myokinematic course and being able to implement the techniques further with his athletes, the clinical success drove Kenny to become more interested in the science as a whole. Kenny received his PRT Credential in 2012 as part of the first ever PRT Class. Shortly after, as the demand for PRI grew in Japan, Kenny along with Sayuri Abe-Hiraishi, (Sy) joined the PRI Faculty and worked to translate Myokinematic Restoration to Japanese, offering it in Japan for the first time in 2015. He has since worked alongside Sy and Takashi to translate Postural Respiration and Pelvis Restoration and is currently working on the translation of Impingement & Instability and several of the PRI Manual and Non-Manual Technique programs. Over the last several years PRI Japan has quickly evolved to offer numerous courses throughout the year and last Spring offered their first ever PRI Japan Symposium. Kenny currently resides in his hometown of Mishima and Practices through several avenues including the U.S. Men’s National Team, Teikyo University, and other private consultation and personal endeavors. 

In the Eighth Episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I sat down with Sayuri Abe-Hiraishi, MS, ATC, CSCS, PRT  to discuss her involvement in the history and foundation of PRI Japan. Sy grew up in Tokyo and early on in her education had a desire to work within the field of Athletic Medicine. This would eventually lead her to the United States to pursue a degree in Athletic Training. During her education here Sy attended Texas State University, The University of Florida and eventually returned to Texas in Corpus Christi to further her career in Athletic Training. While working with various athletics and fulfilling roles as and education coordinator and full time faculty for the university, Sy was told about the science of PRI from Kenny Ishii who she had met years prior while pursuing her undergraduate studies at Texas State. Eventually Sy along with her now husband Keitaro Abe, who is currently the only PRC in Japan, enrolled in the Myokinematic Restoration Home Study. She quickly began her PRI journey and completed the following two Primary Course home studies. Sy became a Postural Restoration Trained provider in 2014 and shortly after was part of the initial conversations to formally offer PRI coursework in Japan. Since returning to Japan Sy has become highly involved with various projects including the foundation of Teikyo Universities first Athletic Performance clinic which recently became a PRI Center. She also works with PRT Takuto Kondo offering online resources relating to various health topics through a venture called “AZcares”. Sy has helped translate and offer all three Primary Courses alongside Kenny throughout the growth of PRI Japan, and is excited to be a speaker for the Second Annual PRI Japan Symposium next spring. 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I welcomed Takashi Onuki MS, ATC, CSCS, PES, PRT who not only teaches alongside Kenny Ishii and Sayuri Abe-Hiraishi as a PRI Japan Faculty member but also acts as PRI Japan’s Education Coordinator. Takashi Grew up loving the sport of Baseball and not only played but later became involved with the sport as an Athletic Trainer in the MLB. Takashi first recognized his interest in biomechanics and sports medicine as a player dealing with his own injury. The desire to remain in the industry led Takashi to move to the United States to continue his education. First learning English as a second language, then a Bachelors of Science from Towson University and his Masters in Applied Physiology and Kinesiology at the University of Florida. 

Takashi spent a season with the Texas Rangers for his first internship and later was hired by the Medical Center of Arlington as the head Athletic Trainer for the Fort Worth Flyers. Takashi has also spent time in other various clinical settings and in 2012 joined the Arizona Diamondbacks as a minor league Athletic Trainer before returning to live in Japan.

Takashi was introduced to PRI by Kenny Ishii, and quickly became passionate about respiration and positional integration from an injury prevention mindset. Shortly after returning home to Japan, Takashi worked towards earning his PRT Credential and earned this designation as part of the Class of 2016. He has since joined the PRI Japan Staff and also teaches several PRI courses there throughout the year. His interest in breathing mechanics and injury prevention strategies for the general population and athletes alike, have led him to author several books on these foundational concepts in an effort to introduce PRI concepts in Japan.

In the 11th episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Dr. Robert “Skip” George, DC, PRC, CSCS who represents our only Chiropractic Physician on the PRI Faculty. Skip grew up and spent his formidable years in 1970’s Los Angeles. Growing up in Hollywood introduced Skip to a vast array of settings and relationships. From a young age Skip fell in love with the sport of down hill Skiing and spent many days on the runs of the Sierra Nevada’s. In fact, Skip would later go on to attend his collegiate years in Lake Tahoe at Sierra Nevada University. Following his time in school Skip returned home and found himself working at a near by Airport driving a fuel truck. Although unforeseen, at this time he thought his future would be in flying.

It wasn’t until working at a local health club known as “Vince’s Gym” and being mentored by “Dr. T” that Skip was introduced to the field of Chiropractic. Skip returned to the Hollywood scene and spent a while working with “Dr. T” in his Universal Studios clinic. It was there that Skip learned about patient care and what this setting was truly about. After receiving his Doctor of Chiropractic degree, Skip quickly incorporated many forms of treatment into his approach, studying Landa, Palmer and other Prague based techniques he quickly grew his integrative practice. 

For the greater part of that journey Skip has resided in La Jolla, California and now operates out of his private clinic, “La Jolla Sport and Spine”. Skip has longed shared space in this setting with his “building partner” John Swain who is also a Licensed Massage Therapist and Strength Coach. It was John who first introduced Skip to PRI over a lunch shared with Dr. Craig Liebenson at an annual chiropractic convention. Skip attended his first course with James Anderson, and was called out immediately on day one for being late! Skip returned back to his clinic and was again greeted by James via the Myokinematic Home Study that his partner John was watching at the time. He couldn’t escape! 

Skip quickly began implementing PRI into his approach and immediately found it to work perfectly within his other forms of treatment and in unison with manual intervention when needed. In 2014 Skip became the first Chiropractic Doctor to receive his PRC credential. Following this involvement and his passion for this science Skip was asked to join the PRI Faculty and taught his first course in 2016. Skip currently teaches Postural Respiration and Cervical Revolution, and we look forward to working with him and other Chiropractors across the country in growing our involvement and integration with the field. 

Skip is an avid Skier, Gardener and most recently Author as he has published many articles and discussions about the integration of PRI within the Chiropractic field for publications such as “Dynamic Chiropractic” He has presented with groups such as the American Chiropractic Association Rehab Council and many others, and continues to be a mentor to many others learning the science of PRI.

Faculty Page and Authorship

In the 12th Episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Louise Kelley, DPT, PRC who currently practices out of Rockville, MD. Louise began her career in movement and science as an avid runner and ran throughout her formidable years and throughout college. It wasn't until rehabbing an injury with an Athletic Trainer that Louise became interested in movement science and athletic medicine. Although she was a Premed student at the time, she had little interest in becoming an MD and spent many years volunteering and ingraining herself in various sports medicine settings.

She later attended Emory University where she earned her Masters of Physical Therapy in 1989. Louise enjoyed the neurological approach to learning that they offered as well as learning about various methodology such as NDT, PNF, Brunnstrom and a heavy focus on chest Physical Therapy of all things! Louise has always been a life long learner and eventually returned to PT school over two decades later, to earn her Doctorate of Physical Therapy. This allowed Louise not only to earn the most current degree in PT but also gave her an appreciation for how the practice was currently being taught.

Louise started her career working for the National Rehabilitation Hospital in Washington, D.C. and spent many years with "NRH" in a vast array of settings. Her mentor Jan Dommerholt would eventually ask her to take part in several program developments and her time with NRH led to time treating many subsets of patients including, prenatal, singers, dancers, time in a post polio outpatient clinic, and a lymphedema program among many others. Her first PRI exposure was during a Phil Donnelly course in which PRI was mentioned. After discovering Ron Hruska's article on the "Tri-Planar Influences of the Hamstring" she was hooked.

Her co-worker at the time, Cindy Anderson, took Myokinematic Restoration and shared her discoveries from the course upon returning to the clinic. Finally Louise attended her first course in 2007 in Lancaster, PA with James Anderson. Coincidentally Mike Cantrell was also in attendance and provided a welcome surprise as Louise and Mike were part of the same graduating class at Emory. After being exposed to PRI Louise incorporated concepts into several new outpatient settings and although she was able to see a wide ranging clientele she was limited in how she was able to use the science.

Louise became Postural Restoration Certified in 2011 after attending Advanced Integration and feeling ready to further her PRI journey. Shortly after Louise became more involved with the institute through helping Julie Blandin structure and piece together parts of the PRI Integration for Fitness and Movement material. Through this process she was recognized for her dedication and passion for the science and later was asked to become part of the PRI Faculty teaching Postural Respiration. Eventually Louise started her own practice, "Kelley PT" in 2017 and has been able to implement PRI with all her patients since. Louise continues to remain active in various running communities and plans to continue to train for the World Masters Championship in 2022.

In this Episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by PRT, and head Athletic Trainer for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Neil Rampe. From his beginnings in collegiate sports as a Strength Coach, and Athletic Trainer, Neil has continued to grow in his approach by utilizing and learning a vast array of treatment methods and has gained vast amounts of knowledge through the use and integration of numerous techniques. Beyond his training as an Athletic Trainer and Strength Coach he holds a degree in Applied Kinesiology, is a liscensed Massage Therapist through the AMTA and NCBTMB, certified as a Functional Range Release provider, certified Fascial Distortion Model provider, certified Fascial Manipulation provider and has been a Certified Active Release Techniques provider. 

Throughout the start of his career Neil worked primarily in the collegiate setting working with a variety of sports and athletes at the University of Minnesota, Boulder Center for Sports Medicine, and the University of Arizona. During his time at the U of A, Neil was introduced to like minded individuals such as Nate Shaw and Ken Crenshaw at the Arizona Diamondbacks, forming relationships over the discussion of sports medicine and the roles each of them play in the management of a holistic team. These relationships would lead him to a newly created position as the first Manual Performance Therapist on staff as part of the Diamondbacks team.

Being mentored by and spending his first years in professional baseball with the Diamondbacks allowed him to gain a better appreciation for what it means to form and be part of an Integrative Athletic Medicine team and how individual roles contributed to player performance. After 8 invaluable seasons with the Diamondback family, Neil accepted a position as the head athletic trainer in L.A. applying what he learned and contributed in Phoenix to this new setting.

Neil was first exposed to PRI through a friend and colleague, Paul Myers, as he attended his first Myokinematic Restoration Course in Chanlder, AZ hosted by Allan Gruver in 2006. Following this first introduction to our science Neil was able to quickly attend several other PRI courses held throughout Arizona and began applying the concepts learned. After attending Advanced Integration in 2010 Neil was intrigued by the PRC application process and was part of the early discussions in the formation of the PRT process and credentialing. Shortly after Neil became Postural Restoration Trained as part of the second ever PRT class.

His knowledge and understanding in various approaches allows him to apply PRI into and alongside the use of fascial release and several other tools utilized within his performance team. Neil works continuously with each athlete and each member of his staff to provide the most integrative and individualized approach to treatment as possible. His roles include not only player personnel but also performance staff management and the communication between the two, required through all portions of Spring Training, In-Season and Off-Season play. He continues to be both a Mentor and Mentee within the program and plays many roles throughout each season. 

PRI Japan Presents "Ask us anything about PRI!" while staying at home. 
- Q&A zoom session by PRI Japan Faculty -

コロナに負けるな！ということで、PRIに興味がある皆さんと一緒に楽しんで頂ける企画をしました！

「PRIに関する質問、大募集！」Part１

ということで、日頃PRIって何？どういうことなの？と気になっている講習会を未受講の皆さんから、講習会を受けたけど疑問に思っていることがある、、、という方や、ずっと気になっていて質問したいことがあったけどまだ聞けてない！という方まで、PRIに関連する質問をみなさんから大募集しました。

そして集められた質問の中から、粒選りの質問をセレクトさせて頂き、PRIジャパンの講師３名（阿部、石井、大貫）でオンライン対談を開催。その様子をYoutubeでご覧いただけるようにする企画です。

Part１では、以下のような質問を頂きました！

Q.1 調子がいい選手にPRIを導入したらパフォーマンスは落ちますか？

Q.2 マイオキントペルビス、どっちで診たら良いの？

Q.3 PRIの講習会、オンラインで受講できないの？

Q.4 検体解剖したらL AICは繋がっているの？実際に骨盤はねじれているの？

Q.5 PRIエクササイズをずっと行ったら、R AIC / L BCにはまったままになる？

以上の質問について講師がじっくりディスカッションしながら回答してます。ぜひご覧下さい！

PRI Japan
www.posturalrestoration.com/japan

PRI Japan Presents "Ask us anything about PRI!" while staying at home. 
- Q&A zoom session by PRI Japan Faculty Part 2 -
コロナに負けるな！ということで、PRIに興味がある皆さんと一緒に楽しんで頂ける企画のパート２です！

「PRIに関する質問、大募集！」

ということで、日頃PRIって何？どういうことなの？と気になっている講習会を未受講の皆さんから、講習会を受けたけど疑問に思っていることがある、、、という方や、ずっと気になっていて質問したいことがあったけどまだ聞けてない！という方まで、PRIに関連する質問をみなさんから大募集しました。

そして集められた質問の中から、粒選りの質問をセレクトさせて頂き、PRIジャパンの講師３名（阿部、石井、大貫）でオンライン対談を開催。その様子をYoutubeでご覧いただけるようにする企画です。

Part1では、以下のような質問を頂きました！

Q.6 PRIは大人数のグループにも使えますか？

Q.7 マイオキンとペルビスのパソ（Patho）ってどう違うの？

Q.8 左のリブフレアがあるなら、左でリーチした方が良いと思いませんか？

Q.9 PRIのエクササイズは何歳からが効果的ですか？

Q.10 自分の想いとPRIの想いを融合させるのに必要な心がけとは？ 

以上の質問について講師がじっくりディスカッションしながら回答してます。ぜひご覧下さい！

PRI Japan
https://www.posturalrestoration.com/japan

PRI Japan Presents "Ask us anything about PRI!" while staying at home.
- Q&A zoom session by PRI Japan Faculty Part 3 -
コロナに負けるな！ということで、PRIに興味がある皆さんと一緒に楽しんで頂ける企画のパート３です！

「PRIに関する質問、大募集！」

ということで、日頃PRIって何？どういうことなの？と気になっている講習会を未受講の皆さんから、講習会を受けたけど疑問に思っていることがある、、、という方や、ずっと気になっていて質問したいことがあったけどまだ聞けてない！という方まで、PRIに関連する質問をみなさんから大募集しました。

そして集められた質問の中から、粒選りの質問をセレクトさせて頂き、PRIジャパンの講師３名（阿部、石井、大貫）でオンライン対談を開催。その様子をYoutubeでご覧いただけるようにする企画です。

Part３では、以下のような質問を頂きました！

Q.11 内閉鎖筋のホールコントロールにおける理想的なポジションは？

Q.12 運動中の腹部の差し込み (ETAP)にPRIの筋連鎖は関連しているか？

Q.13 AF＝クローズド、FA＝オープンという解釈で良いのか？またIP ER＝AF ERってどういうこと？

Q.14  PRIは評価と治療のどちらに役立ちますか？

Q.15 インテグレーション、と聞いて思い浮かぶノンマニュアルテクニックとは？？

以上の質問について講師がじっくりディスカッションしながら回答してます。ぜひご覧下さい！

PRI Japan
https://www.posturalrestoration.com/japan 

PRI Japan Presents "Ask us anything about PRI!" while staying at home. 
- Q&A zoom session by PRI Japan Faculty Part 4 -

コロナに負けるな！ということで、PRIに興味がある皆さんと一緒に楽しんで頂ける企画のパート4です！

「PRIに関する質問、大募集！」

ということで、日頃PRIって何？どういうことなの？と気になっている講習会を未受講の皆さんから、講習会を受けたけど疑問に思っていることがある、、、という方や、ずっと気になっていて質問したいことがあったけどまだ聞けてない！という方まで、PRIに関連する質問をみなさんから大募集しました。

そして集められた質問の中から、粒選りの質問をセレクトさせて頂き、PRIジャパンの講師３名（阿部、石井、大貫）でオンライン対談を開催。その様子をYoutubeでご覧いただけるようにする企画です。

Part４では、以下のような質問を頂きました！

Q.16 何らかの制限でPRIエクササイズがやりにくい時、どうしたらいい？

Q.17 PRIを簡潔に説明して、モチベーションを維持して続けてもらうには？

Q.18 スーペリアT4の治療介入がしっくりこない、、、

以上の質問について講師がじっくりディスカッションしながら回答してます。ぜひご覧下さい！

PRI Japan
https://www.posturalrestoration.com/japan

PRI Japan Presents "Ask us anything about PRI!" while staying at home. 
- Q&A zoom session by PRI Japan Faculty Part 5 -

コロナに負けるな！ということで、PRIに興味がある皆さんと一緒に楽しんで頂ける企画のパート5です！

「PRIに関する質問、大募集！」

ということで、日頃PRIって何？どういうことなの？と気になっている講習会を未受講の皆さんから、講習会を受けたけど疑問に思っていることがある、、、という方や、ずっと気になっていて質問したいことがあったけどまだ聞けてない！という方まで、PRIに関連する質問をみなさんから大募集しました。

そして集められた質問の中から、粒選りの質問をセレクトさせて頂き、PRIジャパンの講師３名（阿部、石井、大貫）でオンライン対談を開催。その様子をYoutubeでご覧いただけるようにする企画です。

Part５では、以下のような質問を頂きました！

Q.19 プランターフレクサーインヒビションは、いつやるの？

Q.20 呼吸時に腹直筋の緊張が取れない、、、

Q.21 風船を膨らませる時、頬は膨らませない方が良い？その理由は？

Q.22 PRI的にオススメの出産の体勢・姿勢ってありますか？

Q23 スーパイン・フックライイング・シンクロナイズド・レジステッド・グルーツ・マックスは、なぜ手を開く？

Q.24 L AF IRに入りにくいようにできているなら、入らないで生活しても良いのでは？

以上の質問について講師がじっくりディスカッションしながら回答してます。ぜひご覧下さい！

PRI Japan

In this episode of the Postural Restoration podcast I sit down with PRT Jessica Tidswell. Jess is a Physcial Therapist, Athletic Trainer, and Associate Professor for the University of Utah Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training. While growing up on the east coast Jess quickly became fond of skiing and spent much of her childhood Ski Racing in Vermont. This led her to Montana State University as part of the Ski Team which further developed her love for the sport. Jess later attended Duke University seeking her degree in Physical Therapy, a few years behind Affiliate Faculty Lisa Mangino. Her residency during PT school would late allow her to return to the sport as she was able to work in Salt Lake City during the 2002 Olympic year.

Following PT school, Jess worked as a Physical Therapist for the U.S. Adaptive Ski Team traveling with them for several seasons. She then returned to Salt Lake City and was finally able to begin working towards her second bachelors degree in Athletic Training. As an Athletic Training Student, Jess simultaneously continued working for the U.S. Adaptive Ski Team, and the University of Utah Football Team not only as an Athletic Training Student but also through the Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation department as a Physical Therapist. During her time with the Utes, they would go undefeated and end their season beating Alabama in the 2009 Sugar Bowl.

Following her Athletic Training degree Jess worked at the U.S. Ski & Snowboard Center of Excellence as it opened its doors in Park City Utah. Throughout her years working with the Paralympic and U.S. Ski Teams, Jess was introduced to PRI through her friend and colleague Jodi Riml. She recalls the first time she performed a PRI Wall Squat and the explosion of sensory awareness that this and other positional activities allowed her to expand upon. Shortly after she signed up and completed all three Primary Courses online, and attended her first Live course, Impingement & Instability with James Anderson. As her experience and implementation of the science grew, she applied for the PRT credential after discerning that this credential was indeed a better fit in her current performance setting and background in Athletics. Jess became Postural Restoration Trained as part of the 2018 PRT Class.

In her current role as an Assistant Professor, Jess has introduced and incorporated PRI into many of her students curriculum. While overseeing several semesters of Independent Studies with her Athletic Training students Jess has facilitated and guided many of them through the completion of various Primary Course Home Studies, helping her students learn the basic concepts of the Postural Restoration Institute for the first time. Through the completion of this course work online and in preparation of her own remote teaching protocols, Jess has enjoyed experiencing several PRI Live Stream courses and highlights the opportunity to continue to progress through the science of PRI in our current times. Jess looks forward to the semester ahead while preparing her own virtual curriculum and is hopeful to return to the slopes once again this season. Jess remains an active volunteer and continues her work with the US Ski team and International Paralympic Committee between time spent enjoying all of the recreational activity that Utah has to offer.

In the 20th episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am joined by Michael Mullin to discuss his journey of applying the science of Postural Restoration concepts over the course of nearly two decades. Michael currently practices as a clinical Athletic Trainer through Integrative Rehab Training LLC in Portland Maine. Michael has been involved in various sport settings from early on in his career which eventually led him to use this experience in a more clinical setting while integrating multiple methods of rehabilitation strategies into one model. In this episode Michael discusses some of the differences associated with the management of a wide-ranging client base, and how he relies on various strategies to meet each client at their individual level. Although each of these individual clients are unique in their own compensation patterns and movement dysfunction, we discuss how many of them can be addressed through the same lens of respiration by setting a strong foundation for the appreciation of breathing mechanics.

Michael discusses his early interest in education and seeking answers to questions that at the time were not being addressed. After discovering Ron Hruska’s work through an article titled “Hamstring injuries require triplanar assessment” he took his first PRI course in 2002 and began searching for other like-minded clinicians willing to ask and seek answers to some of these same questions. Through his course history with the institute Michael continued to grow along side it while discovering others who also shared his passion for integration and continued education. Michael became Postural Restoration Certified as part of the 2011 class, in which there are now over 200 certified clinicians throughout the world.

Since then Michael has built his practice of Integrative Rehab Training LLC offering his skill set to a wide-ranging clientele. Michael has worked with all ends of the human spectrum, including dancers, skiers, singers, and all levels of athletes with various other sports. Throughout the various settings in his career, Michael has had the opportunity to host several PRI courses and continues to integrate with multiple organizations and models. He has furthered his knowledge and understanding of his truly multidisciplinary approach through these opportunities and through teaching these concepts to others. He has consulted and spoken through various professional organizations including many national and international Perform Better summits, private in services and on a daily basis with his clients. Michael is passionate about sharing his experiences with others as he aims to help them avoid any mistakes he himself has learned from throughout his career. This passion has continued to inspire others and has even led to his son Mitchell earning his own degree in Athletic Training as he hopes to continue to grow and practice alongside his dad. 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I sit down with Lisa Mangino, PT, DPT, PCS, C/NDT, PRC. Lisa graduated from Duke University earning a Masters in physical therapy in 1999 and a Doctorate in Physical Therapy in 2000 as part of the first Doctoral class. During her doctoral program Lisa had the opportunity to get involved with a clinical affiliation in Pediatrics and subsequently her passion for clinical treatment within this population grew. During her undergraduate years Lisa played Lacrosse at Penn State and always saw herself working in a Sports Rehabilitation setting, however her love for Pediatrics grew and she has continued working with this population since. Following the completion of her PT degrees Lisa continued her journey at the University working in various pediatric settings. Her time at Duke would expose her to acute care, home health, and outpatient PT through the Duke University Medical Center.

Lisa walks us through her early clinical years and some of the common diagnosis’s, treatments and interventions used to treat a wide-ranging spectrum of gross motor limitations with early childhood Development. Through the management of her own dysfunction and seeking help from other clinicians for her personal limitations and injuries, Lisa found out about the Postural Restoration Institute through colleague Kim Keyser, PT, PRC. By listening to others dialogue about PRI within the clinic, Lisa became eager to learn the concepts that others around her were beginning to learn. This eventually led her to her first Myokinematics course in 2009 with James Anderson. She quickly began using these concepts including respiration as a neurological tool to treat tightness and other symptoms commonly addressed through stretching at the time. As Lisa continued her education with the institute she would later take a course at Advance Physical Therapy in Chapel Hill who at the time happened to be looking to add a new PT to their team. In 2014 Lisa joined Susan Henning, Jean Masse and Joe Belding at Advance Physical Therapy and began structuring her own Pediatric program. In the same year she went on to earn her PRC while becoming certified in Schroth based Scoliosis training and continues to use this method in the treatment and prevention of Pediatric Scoliosis while integrating PRI concepts. 

Lisa has always had the desire to teach others throughout her life and through the integration of PRI into her daily activities began thinking about the possibility of some day sharing this passion with others. After several years of creating and compiling numerous Pediatric PRI based Play activities and tests, in 2019 Lisa taught the first PRI Integration for Pediatrics Affiliate course under the guidance and mentorship of James Anderson. Lisa discusses the layout and incorporation of these activities within the Pediatrics course as well as the general course layout and structure, specifically highlighting categories of more involved vs. less involved activities and the overall outcome goals of specific desired sequential movement levels (DSM) that are discussed during these two days. Lisa is excited to offer this course as a live stream for the first time this November and continue to share her experience with others. 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I sat down with Jason Masek, MA, PT, ATC, CSCS, PRC who I have been fortunate to know and learn from over the past 20 years. Jason Received his undergraduate degree in Athletic Training at the University of Nebraska Lincoln, and went on to earn his Masters in Kinesiology in Minnesota while working as a graduate assistant Athletic Trainer for the Golden Gopher Football Program. Jason's Athletic Training knowledge between these two programs covered a span of 6 years as he studied under and was mentored by a handful of Hall of Fame Athletic trainers. While at Nebraska he was fortunate to see the program earn two National Championships. Following his Athletic Training years and completing his masters, Jason earned his Physical Therapy degree from what was then know as the Des Moines University Osteopathic Medical Center. This unique schooling offered him further exposure to holistic thinking and treatment approaches during his time there.

Jason was initially introduced to Ron Hruska while working with continuous hip and groin injuries during his time with Nebraska Athletics. While at the same time being introduced to the concepts behind the Protonics "knee brace", the use of repositioning activities and respiratory mechanics including the use of balloons. Jason carried with him some of this prior knowledge of the work Ron was doing to Minnesota, but it was not until his Physical Therapy clinical rotation that he would be able to further see and experience the use of these concepts on a broader scale alongside Ron and his patients. Through this opportunity and continual interest in this approach, following PT school Jason joined the Hruska Clinic shortly after it was established in 1999. In these first years each day was a new learning experience as the earliest form of the science of Postural Restoration was being implemented. Exercise techniques were drawn by hand, new positions were tried and tested and the foundation for the science as we know it today was solidified.

Working alongside Ron for over 20 years has provided them both with immense mentorship, clinical experimentation, and trust for the process as it has continued to evolve. The Hruska Clinic which has continued to grow and influence the ongoing evolution of this science, has always served as a clinical home of PRI as Jason and his colleagues continue their life long learning and integration of multidisciplinary care for their patients. Jason's close connection to Ron and this approach over the last two decades has allowed him and the rest of the Hruska Clinic therapists to be part of and further develop the ongoing research, training, and clinical implementation of the science of Postural Restoration. Jason was part of the first ever Postural Restoration Certified Class of 2004 and alongside several other clinicians helped lay the foundation for this Credential and the 250 plus professionals that have completed the process since then.

Jason has supported the science in many ways throughout the years and has had numerous opportunities to influence others on personal, local, and national scales. He has presented through the National Athletic Training Association, National Strength and Conditioning Association and many other organizations in an effort to introduce the concepts of respiration, neutrality and a multiple systems approach furthering these professions and their integration with other professionals. Jason continues to be passionate for ongoing research while appreciating that the research is many times already there if you are willing to look outside your current framework to find it. 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I sat down with Jennifer Smart, PT, DPT, PRC who practices clinically in Oriental, NC incorporating PRI principles and many other modalities with her patients who have been diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease and those who she believes exhibit "Parkinson's like" symptoms before they are diagnosed. Jennifer discusses the impact that her life story has had on her clinical practice, including many trips across the Atlantic navigating the seas on her small sailboat. These experiences and interacting with a diverse set of  mentors and patients have collectively led to her current understanding of neurological flow, perception of time and ground forces all used for human patterned stability.

Jennifer earned both a Bachelor's of Science and Doctorate of Physical Therapy Degree and because of the influences of neurological timing and one's position in space whether at sea or on land, her interest in involuntary neurological movement disorders grew. After starting her clinical journey in Oriental, NC Jennifer sailed to Samoa and had the opportunity to work as the head Physical Therapist for the Samoan Olympic team. It was during this experience that she appreciated the influence of pressure and air flow throughout the body while working with an Olympic power lifter. After returning to the U.S. her love for cycling stemmed from her perception of time and her desire to decrease her speed of travel as her body became used to the slow, calculated and predictable movement across open water. Jennifer was introduced to the science of PRI through her cycling interest and a "Bike Fitting" article authored by Faculty Member Lori Thomsen. To this day Jennifer incorporates cycling with numerous clients who have been diagnosed with PD and other autonomic disorders.

After her first few courses and clinical experimentation incorporating PRI techniques into her clinical practice she had finally felt that the patterns she had recognized through her own journey were being studied and discussed by someone else. Jennifer completed twelve courses over the span of the next two years and became certified as part of the 2015 PRC Class. Jennifer has extensive training in "LSVT", "PWR", Rock Steady Boxing, and has attended and contributed to numerous Parkinson's organizations, including the World Parkinson Congress. She has used these and various other modalities to incorporate PRI into her daily practice and weekly classes offered to her patients and individuals of all backgrounds experiencing involuntary movement disorders. Jennifer in collaboration with Ron Hruska discusses her upcoming presentations as part of this years 12th Annual Interdisciplinary Integration Symposium  "Basal Ganglia Disease - An Interdisciplinary Approach in the Management of Kinesia Paradoxica" alongside Neal Hallinan. You can read more about Jennifer's topics of discussion and this years symposium held on April 22-23rd by visiting our website.

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast we are joined by Neal Hallinan, CSCS, LMT, PRT who provides a unique understanding of the science of PRI, through his first hand experience as both a patient and Postural Restoration Trained (PRT) Provider. Neal's career started in the field of Information Technology and through several life events and the pursuit of finding something he was truly passionate about, his path lead him to the study of movement. Throughout his early life Neal recalls a longstanding history of pain. His history included not only Hip Impingement, but also periods of plantar fasciitis, neck and back spasms, tinnitus, and general tensegrity across his joints. During a period of time spent living in Brazil, Neal first recognized the freedom of movement that many people living there expressed through dance. As his introduction and interest in this art of expression grew Neal spent considerable time learning the steps and sequences of various styles of dance and fell in love with the influences of rhythm, percussion and beat that were included.

Through his newly discovered interest in various forms of dancing, Neal recognized a relationship between his hip mobility and a decrease in his plantar fasciitis, and became curious to learn more. His interest in movement eventually led him to become an ACE certified Personal Trainer and Strength and Conditioning Specialist through the NSCA. It was while reading an article on Eric Cressey's Blog, that Neal was first exposed to the science of PRI. This discussion introduced Neal to the influence of respiration and breathing mechanics of which at the time he had never considered. Neal took his first Myokinematic Restoration course to better understand the relationship of "Lumbo-Pelvic-Femoral Pathomechanics" and first learned about the L AIC Pattern.

"This was it" Neal recalls. As he had finally found answers to the patterns and positions he had noticed over time in his own body. From there Neal started recognizing and studying the patterns as described and addressed through PRI coursework. Neal discusses the influences our everyday lives contribute to these patterns and how his job as a provider and trainer is to not only recognize where and why they exist, but also use the correct terminology in addressing these patterns with his clientele. Neal's patient perspective and his own journey through pain and discomfort provide him a unique foundation for helping others. He recalls his own personal journey changing when he could fully appreciate grounding and true sensory integration for the first time and discusses how in today's virtual world he tries to help his clients achieve the same level of sensory awareness through the use of PRI based principles and techniques.

Today Neal offers a variety of resources not only for his clients but for the PRI community as a whole. Through his website and training (pritrainer.com) or his broad YouTube Channel, hundreds of people searching for this science are provided with additional resources and information to guide them. Neal continues to instruct and remains active through various dance classes and instructing people primarily through Salsa based styles. Neal's interest in Latin motion and so many other forms of rhythmic movement, provided a natural fit to this years 12th Annual Interdisciplinary Integration Symposium, focusing on movement disorders and Basal Ganglia Disease. Together with Ron Hruska, Neal walks us through some of the topics he will be presenting and how these concepts will tie into movement disorders as a whole through collaboration with fellow presenter Jennifer Smart.

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast Kasey Ratliff, PT, DPT, PRC  joins us to discuss her PRI journey which most recently has provided her the opportunity to become our newest Faculty member. Kasey graduated  from Texas State University, San Marcos, with an emphasis in Exercise Sports Science and Psychology. Her interests in human behavior and helping people, led to later attending PT school at the University of Texas Galveston, medical branch. Upon graduating Kasey started her career in a larger outpatient setting near Fort Worth and discusses the transition as a new graduate into her first clinical setting as a therapist.

After remaining in this setting for several years Kasey moved to Austin in search of a different setting. It was there that her search led her to Star Physical Therapy, the first Postural Restoration Center in Texas. Working alongside two Postural Restoration Certified providers, Jon Hupp and Steve Cuddy, she was quickly introduced to the science of Postural Restoration and its clinical implementation. Through this introduction Kasey completed her first Myokinematic Restoration course in 2011 with Jennifer Poulin. Kasey's time at Star Physical Therapy allowed her to build her general understanding of PRI concepts while being mentored by those around her.  After several years practicing in Austin Kasey moved back to Forth Worth to be closer to family. In 2015 Kasey started her private practice PRISM Physical Therapy.

Through her practice Kasey is able to provide longer, individualized sessions guiding each patient through their unique treatment goals. PRISM DPT is located within the GO Sports Complex and allows her to work and integrate her knowledge alongside athletes and the general public of all ages and levels. In this episode Kasey discusses some of the differences between her clientele and clinical approach within these populations. While building her practice Kasey's interest in the science of PRI remained strong as she traveled to many courses across the country. In 2016 Kasey received her PRC credential alongside three other Texas residents.

Continuing to build relationships with other PRC's and like minded professionals in the state, Kasey discusses her journey of building an integrative team of providers. Working closely with several other PRC's in the state and building relationships with dentists and optometrists in the area allow her to offer further integration to her patients. In 2019 Kasey began training to become the newest member of our PRI Faculty.  Over the course of 2019 she had an opportunity to teach and hone in on her understanding and presentation of the Myokinematic Restoration course alongside many other faculty members. Although her first course as a solo presenter was slightly delayed due to the COVID 19 pandemic, Kasey recently taught her first Myokinematic Restoration course as both a Live and Live Stream offering. 

In this episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast I am delighted to talk with Ruth Hennessy who has spent her career combining the studies of bodywork and movement with her classical education as a singing and voice coach. While growing up Ruth was exposed to many styles of singing but it was her mother, a professional opera singer who first introduced her to implementing yoga and other "bodywork" routines into her personal voice development. Since then Ruth has constantly experimented with various forms of movement techniques bridging the gap between the physical body and the auditory production of sound. Her career has led her to teach many professional singers of various backgrounds, as well as average individuals working on their own vocal production. Her experience has allowed her to share her teachings in various collegiate settings and most recently through "Hennessy Breath and Body" teachings and workshops.

Her history involves the study of numerous "bodywork" modalities some which are commonly known such as Yoga, Pilates, The Alexander Technique, and the Thompson Method, while others took her on journeys less traveled which she discusses during our conversation. Ruth considers herself a Polyglot (in the educational sense) and continues to search for others like her to learn from and collaborate with. Some of her closest Mentors include Kathy Thompson, Joan Lader, and Karen Coe who she partners with in NYC. The difference between  her and others around her is her ability to look at more then just the "little box" while including the structure and physiological function of what positions the voice box itself and helps guide its production of sound. Ruth has long incorporated the breath and breathing mechanics into her work and eventually this would overlap with the Concepts of PRI.

While looking for speakers for our annual interdisciplinary integration symposium in 2019 titled "Airway Oscillation: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Production of Voice, Airflow, and Resonance Frequency Breathing" Ron was led to Ruth and quickly saw her passion for an integrated approach. While looking into her work, Ron noticed Ruth's use of balloons on her website during her workshop and knew he wanted to learn more.  This relationship has since led not only to her presentation during the 2019 symposium but to integrating this these concepts side by side with Ron and her singers in NYC and through virtual consults.

Because of their time together, these workshops, and their shared clients over the past few years, Ron's interest and research in the study of voice production has led to our new upcoming course tiltled "Voicebox Resonation, An Integrated Approach in the Management of Hypopharyngeal Dysfunction". Ron joins us to discuss how their time together and Ruths work as a whole have influenced his thoughts regarding this material and what this course will take into consideration. He is excited to discuss topics like neural entrainment, re-patterning, and an introceptive perception of the voice through body language, and will be discussing the voicebox from a "Pressure box" perspective. Visit Hennessy Breath and Bodywork for more information about Ruth or our website to join us for Voicebox Resonation!

Welcome to the first episode of the Postural Restoration Podcast! In this Episode, I am joined by Founder and Director of the Postural Restoration Institute, Ron Hruska. The foundation of the Postural Restoration Institute resulted from many years of Clinical Practice and a strong interest in the patterns and positioning that at the time seemed to be the cause of many patients’ pain and dysfunction.

Ron discusses his time in Graduate school pursuing a Master’s in Public Administration after receiving his Physical Therapy degree from the University Of Nebraska Medical Center. His time working at the V.A. Medical Hospital as well as his eventual role as Director of Physical Therapy at St. Elizabeth's Hospital in Lincoln, NE both played roles in his desire to look at and treat the human body through a multidisciplinary, systematic approach.

This led Ron to create other ways of treating patterned dysfunction, initially through the use of the first “Re-Positioning” device called Protonics. Although Protonics looked and seemed to function to many in the orthopedic world as a Patello-Femoral “Brace”, it was actually much more. Using this device allowed him to "Re-Pattern” bi-lateral chains of muscle and look at orthopedics from a Femoral-Patella lens.

Eventually this device left Ron with the desire to move into the private practice setting, in order to dedicate more time to roles with the APTA Association, and more time dedicated to learning and discovering further ways to develop his ideas. Protonics allowed him to connect with and teach other clinicians, including some of the first PRI Faculty members. Following the creation of the Hruska Clinic, Restorative Physical Therapy Services in 1999, Ron worked with fellow Physical Therapist Jason Masek and others to create some of the earliest PRI Non-Manual Techniques.

As this science continued to grow, PRI Director Janie Ebmeier was put in charge of helping to develop what would become the first Postural Restoration course which would later be renamed to “Postural Respiration”. With the foundation of the Postural Restoration Institute in 2000, other courses including the "Influence of the Pelvic-Femoral Complex" which was  later called Myokinematic Restoration  was a quick addition. We are now proud to offer more than 15 different courses, which have been developed to build upon the three Primary Course concepts. I welcome you to join us on this journey as we continue to explore how the creation of this science has changed the way coaches and clinicians approach the treatment of the human body.

The Foundation of the Postural Restoration Institute (August 2008)

In this episode of the Postural Restoration podcast I start off the year by reflecting on the past with none other than Susan Henning, PT, PRC. Susan graduated from NYU in 1986 with a BA in Physical Therapy. Due to a longstanding interest in dance and movement she began studies in Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy in the early 90’s. She pursued training in manual physical therapy approaches including Paris, Maitland, Mulligan and Jackson. But perhaps one of her biggest interests lays in the study of sensory awareness. From early on in her career Susan sought after schools of thinking that integrated holistic sensory based concepts and this led her to the work of Charlotte Selver. 

Early on she was  introduced to other like minded individuals such Sangini Rane, Kyndall Boyle and Jean Masse through a Maitland certification course. Later on the opportunity would arise for Susan to purchase Advance Physical Therapy in Chapel Hill, NC, from Krista Clark who instructed her Maitland coursework. From its beginning Advance Physical Therapy has incorporated sensory integration with each patient. Today it is recognized for its focus on the treatment and prevention of scoliosis and other spinal dysfunctions.

In 2002 Susan was introduced to the work of Ron Hruska, and Postural Restoration. She was immediately drawn to its holistic, biomechanically based concepts and powerful therapeutic techniques. This was the beginning of a major paradigm shift in her way of viewing and treating dysfunction. She was certified as a Postural Restoration Therapist in 2008. Beginning in 2004 attending the newly offered Advanced Integration course, Susan has not missed this 4-day course since and has now contributed to day 4 “curvature of the spine” for many years. Her dedication and contributions to this course over the years has continued to grow as fellow colleagues Jean Masse and Lisa Mangino continue to present their work together alongside Susan each year.

Susan has continued to pursue the complexities of Postural Restoration rehabilitation. Her fascination with asymmetry, respiration and movement brought about an interest in scoliosis. And in 2013, Susan was certified in Schroth based scoliosis.  In 2014, Susan was honored to be invited as a member of "SOSORT".  She is one of only a handful of American Physical Therapists with this designation. More recently this led to the opportunity to co-author alongside her colleagues, “Postural Restoration: A Tri-Planar Asymmetrical Framework for Understanding, Assessing, and Treating Scoliosis and Other Spinal Dysfunctions” which was published in “Innovations in Spinal Deformaities and Postural Disorders” in 20217.

Susan remains passionate about the ever evolving science of Postural Restoration and incorporating all of her education, especially Schroth based therapy to it. This has led to the creation of the S.T.R.A.T.E.R Scoliosis Institute, which stands for “Spinal Triplanar Rehabilitation for Asymmetrical Torsion with Exercise & Respiration”. This endeavor is dedicated to the education of physical therapy professionals for the safe and effective treatment of scoliosis incorporating PRI concepts and approved techniques.