DevelopmentAid Dialogues (Hisham Allam)

Guest Description: Dara Johnston, UNICEF's Chief of Section for Climate-Resilient Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) in South Sudan.

Episode Description:
In this episode, we discuss the crisis faced by millions in developing countries: climate change's impact on clean water and sanitation access. Our guest, Dara Johnston, brings over 35 years of expertise in addressing WASH challenges, currently serving as Chief of the Climate-Resilient WASH Section at UNICEF.

We explore UNICEF's strategies in adapting WASH programs to climate change realities, focusing on regions like South Sudan grappling with floods and droughts disrupting sanitation systems. Dara shares insights into climate-resilient WASH practices, highlighting how UNICEF navigates challenges like flooded infrastructure and inaccessible water sources.

Moreover, we examine the interplay between safe water, sanitation, poverty alleviation, and gender equality. Dara elaborates on how improved WASH access empowers women and families, breaking the cycle of poverty.

The conversation extends to community involvement and capacity building, showcasing UNICEF's collaborative efforts with local communities in sustaining WASH solutions. Dara sheds light on policy formulation and advocacy, detailing her experiences in advocating for WASH at national and international forums. 

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Guest Description: Dr. K. Ganapathy is a professor, neurosurgeon, the first Ph.D. in neuroimaging in South Asia, and a strong advocate for telehealth. www.kganapathy.in

Episode Description: in this episode, we discuss revolutionizing the healthcare - the concept of  telemedicine. Dr. Ganapathy explains how telemedicine breaks geographical barriers, providing specialist care to remote areas and bridging urban-rural healthcare gaps, particularly in countries like India. He discusses the empowerment of specialists to virtually visit patients, reducing travel costs and time.

While highlighting telemedicine's potential, Dr. Ganapathy addresses concerns about patient privacy and data security, citing India's Digital Personal Data Protection Bill. He also discusses AI and ML integration in telemedicine at Apollo Hospitals, envisioning personalized healthcare based on individual genomes. Dr. Ganapathy stresses the importance of data security and political support for universal health coverage and telemedicine adoption.

The conversation concludes with Dr. Ganapathy acknowledging challenges due to India's diversity, emphasizing customized healthcare delivery and fair compensation for healthcare professionals. His insights on DevelopmentAid Dialogues highlight telemedicine's transformative impact on global healthcare access and outcomes.

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Guest Description: Scott Filler, Senior Disease Coordinator at the Global Fund, a worldwide movement to defeat HIV, TB and malaria.

Episode description:
In this episode, we discuss Dr. Filler's journey, from a personal encounter with the disease to spearheading innovative initiatives. This profound sense of purpose fuels Dr. Filler's tireless advocacy for equal access to healthcare, regardless of birthplace. He asserts, "No child should have to face the devastating consequences. They didn't choose where they were born."

Throughout the podcast, Dr. Filler navigates the complex landscape of malaria control and elimination with clarity and insight.  He discusses innovative initiatives like the Regional Artemisinin-resistance Initiative (RAI) and addresses the disruptive impacts of climate change, offering a comprehensive understanding of the challenges at hand.  Dr. Filler emphasizes the critical importance of international cooperation, knowledge sharing and the need for a unified response, stating, "Malaria doesn't respect borders.  A strategy for drug resistance requires a regional approach where we discuss all anti-malarias entering a particular region." Dr. Filler's insights illuminate the interconnected nature of the fight against malaria, transcending geographical boundaries in pursuit of a common goal.

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Our Guest: Kim Eric Bettcher, a leading expert from CIPE's Policy and Program Learning department, specializing in democratic governance and international partnerships. 

Episode Description: 
In this episode, we discuss the role of partnerships and knowledge management in advancing global development goals. Our guest,  Kim Bettcher believes that collaboration can bring about significant change and views partnerships as crucial catalysts for systemic transformation.  He also emphasizes the importance of inclusive conversation and involvement in promoting sustainable development. He believes that "voice is essential" and advocates for empowering underprivileged populations to influence development goals. This underlines the necessity of including multiple voices and perspectives in decision-making processes.

Regarding technology in development, Bettcher stresses the importance of finding a balance that prioritizes human needs. He suggests, "Partnerships should leverage technology," emphasizing that technology should support rather than overshadow the core principles of collaboration. This highlights the need to use technology as a tool to improve communication, data sharing, and project effectiveness.

Additionally, Bettcher emphasizes the necessity of fostering a culture of learning and adaptability within partnerships. He points out, "It's all about mindset, not just resources," emphasizing the importance of embracing a mindset focused on continuous learning and innovation. This underscores the significance of being flexible and resilient in navigating the ever-changing landscape of development cooperation.

As the global community endeavors to achieve sustainable development goals, Kim Eric Bettcher's insights offer invaluable guidance for forging effective partnerships and driving meaningful change. By embracing collaborative innovation, centering inclusive participation, balancing technological advancements, and nurturing a culture of learning, we can collectively build a more resilient and equitable world.

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Guest description: Sandra Méndez F. is an experienced expert and project developer, and coordinator at Skat.

Episode description:
In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, we explore the current state of waste management in Latin America and the innovative solutions emerging across the region.

Dr. Fagrado paints a vivid picture of the waste management landscape, highlighting the predominance of landfilling without separation. She emphasizes that over 50% of waste comprises organics, presenting significant environmental concerns.

From large-scale composting facilities to community-driven programs, a shift towards sustainable waste management is underway in Latin America. Colombia's Green Terrace project exemplifies this movement, aiming to create a closed loop between organic waste and healthy food production through composting and urban agriculture.

The path towards sustainable waste management isn't without its bumps. Dr. Fagrado pinpoints limited technical knowledge and time constraints as key obstacles for residents. However, she remains optimistic, underlining the power of education and awareness campaigns to drive cultural change. "Environmental education activities and information campaigns are very important," Dr. Fagrado emphasizes, highlighting the need for comprehensive solutions.

Dr. Fagrado's insights paint a hopeful picture: waste management in Latin America is evolving from disposal to opportunity. Innovation, education, and collaboration are paving the way for a sustainable future. Projects like Green Terrace illuminate this shift, showcasing how waste can be transformed into a resource.

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Guest description: Dr. Kerstin Danert, the founder and director of Ask for Water. Ask for Water works collaboratively with governments, NGOs, and research institutions. They focus not just on the technical aspects of borehole drilling, but also on building capacity, ensuring quality control, and implementing sustainable practices.

Episode Description:
In this episode, we discuss water access in low- and middle-income countries with Dr. Danert. Hey journey began in Uganda, where she witnessed firsthand the struggles of communities relying on unsafe water sources. She emphasizes the  importance of having qualified professionals engaged into projects as well as proper techniques in borehole drilling. Dr. Danert emphasizes that "a borehole is much more than a hole in the ground." Ask for Water champions responsible practices that ensure long-term functionality and prevent well failure.

The heart of the episode lies in the human stories. Dr. Danert shares a moving story about a Ugandan woman whose life was transformed by having access to clean water at home. This simple act brought dignity, freed her from arduous journeys to distant springs, and empowered her to participate more fully in her community. This story exemplifies the ripple effect of water access projects, impacting health, education, and gender equality.

The episode doesn't shy away from the challenges. Dr. Danert expresses concern about the current emphasis on drilling quantity over long-term project sustainability. She stresses the importance of responsible planning, cost analysis, and community involvement to ensure projects continue to provide clean water for years to come.

"From Rainwater Tanks to Dignity" is an inspiring exploration of Ask for Water's impactful work. It leaves us with a renewed appreciation for the life-changing power of clean water access and the dedication of organizations like Ask for Water who are committed to finding innovative and sustainable solutions.

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Yemen grapples with a staggering humanitarian crisis, leaving millions dependent on aid for survival. Delivering that assistance, however, is fraught with challenges.

In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, Ibrahim Elhadhad, a UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) official, offers alongside Hisham Allam a firsthand look at the complexities of navigating aid delivery in Yemen and the unwavering commitment to helping those most in need.

OCHA plays a central role in coordinating the response. Elhadhad explains a standardized framework used to identify the most vulnerable populations – a crucial step when resources are limited. Tough decisions are inevitable, but Elhadhad emphasizes that even those who don't receive direct aid benefit from a more streamlined response.

The volatile security situation creates significant dangers for aid workers. Elhadhad acknowledges the ever-present threat of assassinations, detentions, and kidnappings. OCHA implements safety measures, analyzing the presence of armed actors, securing facilities, and obtaining movement permits. Elhadhad uses the example of curfews to illustrate the constant need to navigate the complexities on the ground.

Reaching the most vulnerable people - women, children, and the displaced - is a continuous priority. Elhadhad describes how OCHA achieves this by gathering data broken down by gender, age, and susceptibility. This data, along with a comprehensive monitoring system, enables transparent reporting and verification of aid delivery. Despite these efforts, the magnitude of the situation is enormous. Millions of people are denied access to crucial help due to funding shortfalls. Elhadhad underlines the urgent need for more donor support.

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Guest Description: Tatiana Kotlyarenko, Expert on GBV and Human Trafficking

Episode sneak peak: In the latest DevelopmentAid Dialogues podcast, Tatiana Kotlyarenko, a human rights defender, discusses the complexities of human trafficking with Hisham Allam. She emphasizes that trafficking involves organized crime and corruption, complicating efforts to combat it. Kotlyarenko shares her experience evacuating at-risk individuals from Afghanistan, highlighting the importance of international solidarity.

She dispels myths about trafficking, noting its evolution to include domestic and online exploitation, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Kotlyarenko stresses the need for parental vigilance and the role of educational institutions in prevention. She also highlights technology’s role, citing projects like Racknet and Thorne, which use tech to protect children from trafficking.

Kotlyarenko’s journey from Ivy League education to grassroots activism underscores the need for a holistic approach that combines academic knowledge with practical experience to develop effective human rights policies.

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In the realm of humanitarianism and disaster response, Dr. Manu Gupta shines as a guiding light of unwavering dedication and passionate advocacy. With over three decades of experience, his journey from volunteer work to founding SEEDS (Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society) reflects a profound commitment to empowering communities and building resilience in the face of adversity.

A recent interview with Development Aid Dialogues sheds light on Dr. Gupta's remarkable journey and the invaluable lessons he has gleaned along the way. From his early experiences as a relief worker to his pivotal role in shaping disaster risk reduction efforts, Dr. Gupta's insights offer a roadmap for effective humanitarian action in a rapidly changing world.

Reflecting on his formative years, Dr. Gupta recalls a transformative moment during the 2001 Gujarat earthquake. Witnessing the devastating impact of the earthquake firsthand, he was struck by the realization that many lives could have been saved with stronger, more resilient infrastructure. This experience sparked a lifelong commitment to disaster risk reduction and post-disaster recovery efforts aimed at building safer, more resilient communities.

"A post-disaster response is usually the actions taken by humanitarians such as us to respond to the needs of people who have been hit by crisis," Dr. Gupta emphasizes.

One of the key lessons Dr. Gupta has learned is the importance of restoring agency to affected communities in the aftermath of a disaster. He emphasizes the need for communities to be actively involved in their own recovery, stating, "When the most affected people are at the center of post-disaster recovery, the intervention not only stays with them but then they also innovate, they also evolve."

"We felt that at this time, when we do the rebuilding work in the same communities, the houses need to be strong enough... People should know the potential impact of an earthquake," Dr. Gupta explains.

Community-based disaster management lies at the core of SEEDS' approach, with a focus on empowering local leaders and engaging communities in resilience-building efforts. Dr. Gupta highlights the crucial role of local knowledge and leadership in mitigating the impact of disasters and facilitating recovery efforts, stating, "The most affected family and their own friends and neighbors really can reach out before anyone else can in an emergency."

"Awareness is the ownership and the agency of affected people themselves that has sustained throughout no matter what kind of disaster has hit people," he adds.

"Investing in communities, when enabled properly, with the right kind of knowledge, with the right kind of support, can help scale the kind of impact we want to create," Dr. Gupta believes.

In addition to his work on the ground, Dr. Gupta has been instrumental in cofounding alliances and collaborative initiatives focused on adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Recognizing the importance of collective action, he underscores the need for partnerships and alliances to address the increasingly complex challenges posed by climate change and natural disasters.

"There is so much suffering as we see in the world today, and I just feel this is something that is needed by many more of us," he reflects.

Looking ahead, Dr. Gupta remains steadfast in his commitment to building a more resilient world. Despite the daunting challen

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Our guest: Sean Furey, the Secretariat Director of the Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN). 

During the episode, Mr. Furey shared insights with podcast host Hisham Allam into the vast network of community organizations managing water systems and the challenges they face. Highlighting a recent example from Ecuador, he illustrated the extensive scale of these operations, supported by thousands of community boards and municipalities.

A key focus of RWSN’s work is leveraging technology to connect people and disseminate crucial information.

Mr. Furey emphasized the potential of online tools, such as WhatsApp and AI, to provide valuable services and facilitate connections among water professionals.

He underscored the importance of local and national level collaboration in addressing complex issues like climate change and water resource management.

One notable shift in the sector is the adoption of solar-powered groundwater pumping technologies. Mr. Furey discussed how solar pumps outperform typical hand pumps or diesel-powered systems, especially in rural and small-town settings. However, he also emphasized the risks of over-extraction of groundwater resources, particularly in agricultural sectors.

According to a study carried out among RWSN members, hand pumps will continue to be essential in distant, low-income communities even though solar pumping is thought to be the way of the future.

Given the challenging conditions and logistical challenges associated with providing service to remote places, manufacturers face a challenge in striking a balance between price, quality, and reliability.

In Sub-Saharan Africa, groundwater management remains a critical issue.

Mr. Furey drew attention to the need for a deeper understanding of groundwater resources, which are anticipated to become even more crucial due to climate change.

He discussed research program findings that demonstrate increased groundwater recharge in dryland Africa, providing a positive outlook for future water management.

Additionally, the private sector’s contribution to rural water provision was discussed. While acknowledging the challenge of attracting private capital due to the low financial returns, Mr. Furey highlighted the potential of public-private partnerships (PPPs) to improve sustainability and service delivery, as demonstrated by a titanium mine project in Kenya.

Another important topic is RWSN’s approach to professional development and capacity building.

Mr. Furey elaborated on their initiatives to elevate rural water supply as a career, supporting individuals through online education and mentoring programs, and advocating for greater representation of women in leadership positions in the industry.

He emphasized the value of collective ownership and the necessity of addressing concerns related to land and water rights governance.

Finally, Mr. Furey cited a quotation from the Greek philosopher Heraclitus to discuss the importance of adapting to change. He highlighted the value of flexibility and learning in the face of rapid changes and promoted teamwork in the water industry to solve problems and innovate.

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Guest Description: Jennie King, Director of Climate Disinformation Research and Policy at the Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD). 

Ms. King provided crucial insights into the dynamics of climate disinformation and the larger online information ecology. She stressed that “climate disinformation is being deployed strategically to undermine urgent environmental action,” and that misinformation campaigns frequently exploit legitimate worries about energy security and food supply to stymie climate efforts. This tactic, she explained, is intended to cause confusion and delay decisive policy decisions.

Ms. King also highlighted ISD’s comprehensive research, which tracks both overt and covert disinformation campaigns on major digital platforms. For example, she pointed to a study conducted by ISD and the Conscious Advertising Network, which revealed that mainstream advertisers often unknowingly fund websites that propagate false climate narratives.

“It’s a systemic issue where advertisers may not realize that their dollars are supporting disinformation,” she explained.

A substantial chunk of the conversation focused on the urgent need for regulation. Ms. King called for strong legislative frameworks, such as the European Union’s Digital Services Act, which requires corporations to examine and minimize the risks connected with their online platforms.

“Regulation is essential to create the enabling environment for better scrutiny and accountability of the private sector,” she asserted.

According to Ms. King, this regulatory strategy will encourage a more transparent digital world by limiting harmful content and rewarding platforms to promote meaningful conversation rather than controversy.

The podcast also touched on the role of social media in climate debates, with Ms. King outlining how algorithms “create perverse incentives that are built around outrage and division” rather than encouraging informed, evidence-based discussions. As a response, she argued for the demonetization of deceptive content, claiming that “once you remove that profit motive, many actors will leave this space.”

In her closing remarks, Ms. King struck a hopeful tone, encouraging listeners to remain engaged in the fight against climate disinformation. She emphasized the progress made in just a few years, with climate disinformation now firmly on the agendas of governments, multilateral bodies, and environmental organizations.

“This is a solvable issue.”

“This is a solvable issue,” she affirmed, reminding the audience that momentum is building towards meaningful action that could reshape the online information space in favor of climate solutions.

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Guest Description: Phil Mason a leading player in the global fight against corruption. Mr. Mason has over 20 years of experience at the UK's Department for International Development (DFID) and a long history of international anti-corruption operations.

Episode Description:
In this episode, we discuss the systemic threat of corruption in international development. Phil Mason discusses the internal challenges within development agencies in adopting a holistic strategy to tackle corruption, often seen as a niche issue rather than one that spans sectors like health, education, and infrastructure. Mason stresses that separating corruption from broader development efforts weakens anti-corruption strategies.

Mason also highlights the external pressures agencies face, especially when working with governments. "How do you combat corruption when those you're working with are complicit?" he asks, highlighting the complexities of international collaboration. He advocates for a unified, all-of-government approach, where diplomacy and trade policy play key roles in anti-corruption efforts, not just development agencies.

The episode explores solutions that have proven effective in reducing corruption over the past two decades, including transparency measures like open procurement, e-governance, and asset declarations. Mason explains how these tools reduce opportunities for corruption by increasing the risk of being caught. Additionally, he discusses the transformative role of big data in tracking corruption in real time.

However, Mason cautions that technology alone isn’t enough. He emphasizes the need for follow-through when corruption is exposed, using India's "I Paid a Bribe" campaign as an example of a well-intentioned effort that lacks enforcement. "It’s cathartic to report, but if nothing happens afterward, the impact is lost," he says.

Mason reflects on the personal resilience required to fight corruption, noting that progress is often slow, and the battles are long-term. He also criticizes the constraints of rigid development timelines, arguing that corruption is a generational problem that can't be solved in typical three- to five-year project cycles.

As he concludes, Mason urges development agencies to break free from traditional structures and invest in long-term strategies if they're serious about tackling corruption.

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Guest Description: Angie Staley, an expert in anti-human trafficking and transitional housing.

Episode description: Human trafficking is a complex global crisis impacting millions, each survivor’s journey marked by resilience in the face of unimaginable hardship. Angie Staley, with over 12 years of experience in residential coordination, offers essential support to survivors, helping them heal and rebuild.

In this episode, Angie shares her human-centered approach to recovery, where each step—no matter how small—brings survivors closer to lasting change. Her method goes beyond one-time interventions, focusing on a sustained commitment to understanding and supporting each individual’s needs. By fostering a space of trust and presence, Angie helps survivors feel seen and empowered.

Yet, working in such a challenging field brings ethical dilemmas, where resources are limited, and the right course of action isn’t always clear. Angie’s story reveals the power of persistence and compassion in navigating these crossroads and advocating for the dignity of every survivor.

Listen to our latest podcast for more on Angie Staley’s

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Guest Description:  Brian Anderson Director of Finance and Operations, worked with major food and agriculture corporations  and Kyle Newell, Director of Aspen Institute, a global leader in connecting smallholder farmers to commercial value chains.

Episode outline: At a crossroads, modern agriculture must strike a balance between environmental sustainability, economic growth, and food security. Hisham Allam, host of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, had an interesting discussion with agricultural experts Brian Anderson and Kyle Newell about how new farming methods and regulations are creating a sustainable future. Brian, an agricultural economist, and Kyle, who has extensive experience working with smallholder farmers in Africa, shared ideas on empowering farmers, utilizing technology, and creating resilient agricultural systems.

Kyle underlined the need for straightforward, doable concepts, particularly for farmers in the Global South. "The simplest solutions are frequently the best in the Global South," he stated. By focusing on basic needs and developing tools that align with farmers' everyday challenges, he and his team have pushed for more beneficial agricultural innovations.

Brian described the development of precision agriculture, which uses data to increase farming output, from a technology perspective. "We've talked about precision farming for decades, but only now is the technology becoming accessible," he stated. He did point out, though, that contemporary technology like drones and the Internet of Things are often unsuitable, especially on smaller farms. "We need to make sure the technology is scalable and useful on the ground," he stated.

Smallholder farmers, who produce 80% of the world's food, are critical to ensuring food security. Kyle explained that, while these farmers contribute significantly to the world food supply, they frequently work with little resources and outmoded tools. "In many emerging markets, the agricultural workforce is vast—yet the resources are minimal," he remarked, underlining the need for stronger policies and investments.

One difficulty is how to boost production without displacing employees. Kyle proposed a balanced approach: "The goal is to increase productivity while keeping people employed in agriculture," he stated. This balance is especially critical in areas where agriculture is the primary source of income and high-tech investments are sometimes prohibitively expensive.

Although switching to these approaches may initially cut yields, they eventually make farms more robust.

Brian noted that shifting consuming habits are also necessary for resilience. "Eating lower on the food chain and reducing food waste are big steps," he said. He underlined that when these adjustments are made collectively, they can lessen the negative environmental effects of food production, particularly in wealthy nations with high rates of food waste.

Kyle and Brian emphasized the necessity for scalability even though cutting-edge technologies have the potential to completely transform agriculture. "Tractors are still considered a luxury in some parts of the world," Brian said. He supports little, reasonably priced innovations that can result in significant productivity gai

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Guest Description: Carmelo Troccoli, the General Director of Campania Amica Foundation and the World Farmers Market Coalition & Kyle Newell, Managing director at The Aspen Institute, a global leader in connecting smallholder farmers to commercial value change.

Episode Description:
In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, Hisham Allam invited 2 renowned pioneers in sustainable agriculture to discuss the delicate balance between ethical goals and practical challenges. The discussion focused on ethical certifications, sustainable farming techniques, and the role of legislation in influencing agriculture's future.  

Carmelo kicked off the conversation by addressing the complexities of open markets in Europe. While free trade agreements have increased worldwide market access, he highlighted the underlying inequities: "European farmers face stringent quality standards, but similar rules are rarely enforced for imported products." This absence of reciprocity places a major burden on our farmers." 

He emphasized the necessity of adding environmental and social factors into trade deals, using the EU-Mercosur deal as an example. "A fair trade system must ensure that imported goods adhere to the same standards we impose on our farmers," he told reporters. 

Kyle Newell discussed the influence of ethical certifications like Fair Trade and Rainforest Alliance on smallholder farmers. While these certificates provide access to premium markets, they also present substantial hurdles. "Currently, they apply to only about 0.5% of global agriculture," he told me. "The high upfront costs often make them inaccessible to small-scale farmers." 

Newell recommended realistic measures like cutting certification fees and acknowledging existing sustainable activities. "In Sub-Saharan Africa, many smallholder farmers already plant organically because they cannot afford chemical inputs. However, the expense of organic certification frequently outweighs the benefits for them," he added, emphasizing the need to close this gap. 

Drawing on his experience with farmers' markets in Italy, Carmelo emphasized the transforming power of direct ties between producers and customers. "When small-scale farmers interact directly with consumers, trust replaces bureaucracy. "They don't need certification to demonstrate their quality," he explained. 

Carmelo discussed the success of Campagna Amica, a network that connects 50,000 small farmers with consumers every week. "This model enables small farmers to compete effectively with larger operations, fostering resilience and community engagement," according to him. 

Climate change, soil degradation, and water scarcity were among the topics covered during the conversation. Kyle underlined the importance of a hybrid strategy that incorporates both old and new methodologies. "High-tech solutions are valuable, but sometimes the most impactful changes come from optimizing existing practices," he observed. 

He also referenced a stark financial reality: agriculture in the Global South requires an estimated $400 billion annually for climate adaptation, far exceeding current commitments. 

Carmelo underscored the urgency of preservin

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Guest Description: Dr. Eefje De Volder, a leading expert in human trafficking and co-founder of IMPACT. Dr. De Volder also co-owns Rwandan Empowerment Coffee, a social enterprise empowering female survivors of sexual violence in Rwanda.

Episode Description:
Dr. De Volder is highlighting the broad scope of human trafficking, defined under the Palermo Protocol. While traditionally associated with sexual exploitation, trafficking encompasses forced labor, organ removal, and now, as recognized by the EU in 2024, forced surrogacy, forced marriage, and illegal adoption. 

The ethical and legal conundrums regarding forced marriage and forced surrogacy came up for consideration. Dr. De Volder clarified that forced surrogacy frequently functions under the pretense of commercial surrogacy, stressing the importance of differentiating between exploitative and consenting arrangements. Similarly, it is difficult to prosecute forced marriage since it is entwined with cultural customs. She pointed out that victims find it difficult to speak out against their relatives, saying:

"The social pressures within communities often blur the line between arranged and forced marriages."

Dr. De Volder disclosed the crucial role corruption plays in illicit adoption. She emphasized how systemic problems sustain exploitation, from forged documents to forced child surrender. She noted that corruption not only makes these crimes easier to do, but it also makes it very difficult for adoptive parents to recognize the exploitation that goes on behind the scenes.

The economic foundations of human trafficking were also discussed. The desire for cheap labor and goods fosters exploitation, and trafficking thrives on global disparities and unregulated capitalist institutions, Dr. De Volder stressed. She urged consumers to think about the human cost of their purchases and advocated for communal accountability.

Dr. De Volder highlighted the transformative influence of her social venture, Rwandan Empowerment Coffee. The idea establishes long-term livelihoods by paying survivors fairly and giving them ownership holdings.

"It's not just about empowering individuals but challenging exploitative supply chains," she told me.

She also emphasized the significance of multi-stakeholder engagement in combating trafficking. Dr. De Volder applauded initiatives in the hospitality industry to train hotel staff to spot and report indicators of human trafficking.

"Partnerships among governments, NGOs, and businesses are key to meaningful change," she told the audience.

Looking ahead, Dr. De Volder pushed for prevention by addressing underlying issues such as poverty and inequality. She advocated for comprehensive awareness efforts geared to varied cultures, as well as early education on social norms.

"Preventing trafficking requires a long-term, multifaceted approach, but the impact is worth the investment," she told the audience.

Dr. De Volder's observations highlight the necessity of resilience, teamwork, and systemic change in understanding and addressing the intricacies of human trafficking.


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Guest Description: Isam Khatib, Human Rights & Sustainable Development Specialist. Expert in foreign policy strategies, international development, and human rights advocacy, with a special focus on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

Episode Description:
In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, host Hisham Allam examines the growing trend of global government cuts to development aid budgets and their profound implications for humanitarian organizations and vulnerable communities. Joining the discussion is Isam Khatib, an expert in foreign policy strategies, international development, and human rights advocacy, with a special focus on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

Khatib brought a lot of expertise to the table having earned a master's degree in sustainable development from the University of Sussex and years of experience working with esteemed organizations, including USAID, GIZ, AFD, and SIDA. His work bridged development aid with policy frameworks to tackle regional challenges and foster sustainable solutions. His work bridged development aid with policy frameworks to tackle regional challenges and foster sustainable solutions.

The discussion began with the Netherlands' recent decision to reduce its aid budget by $2.4 billion over three years, which Khatib described as "a seismic shift in global development priorities." He stressed the magnitude of the loss, indicating that partnerships with NGOs were going to shrink dramatically—from $1.4 billion to $400 million—resulting in a historic financial shortage.

"This was not just a budgetary adjustment," Khatib said. "It was a statement about how nations were rethinking their global responsibilities, often at the expense of the most vulnerable."

Khatib placed this decision within a larger trend that began in 2022, when countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, and France implemented similar changes. He emphasized the cumulative impact of these cuts, which threatened to undermine global development goals, particularly in the Global South.

The rationale for these aid cuts emerged as a constant subject in the conversation. Khatib noted parallels with former US President Donald Trump's ideologically driven foreign aid policy. Similarly, European politicians such as Liesje Schreinemacher, the Netherlands' Minister of Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation, have suggested that NGOs should lessen their reliance on government support.

But Khatib resisted this narrative. "Governments were essentially outsourcing their responsibilities to NGOs," he said. "But the truth was, if governments were doing their job properly—investing in sustainable systems and addressing root causes—we wouldn’t need such heavy reliance on humanitarian interventions."

Khatib underlined the terrible consequences of these cuts, especially in areas like Syria that are impacted by violence. "When you slashed funding for healthcare, education, and rebuilding infrastructure, you were not just delaying recovery—you were prolonging suffering and creating fertile ground for instability," he stated.

He also underscored how reduced aid could exacerbate migration crises. "People didn’t leave their homes unless they had no choice," Khatib explained. "If international support dried up, refugees wouldn’t return to rebuild their communities—they would seek survival elsewhere, adding strain to already overw

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In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, host Hisham Allam delves into the consequences of the United States’ recent aid cuts, including their catastrophic impact on the global aid sector and vulnerable people. These decisions, mostly influenced by the Trump administration’s foreign aid policy, have resulted in far-reaching changes, such as funding freezes, program suspensions, and withdrawal from major global projects such as the World Health Organization (WHO).

Download the transcript of this episode.

Director of the Euro-Gulf Information Center Matthew Robinson, a seasoned specialist in development, humanitarian advocacy, and foreign policy, joined the conversation. Robinson’s impressive record includes serving as a Brussels and Strasbourg advisor on international trade, foreign affairs, and humanitarian issues. His background includes work with significant international organizations, including the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, where he also contributed to strategies for global development.

The discussion began with an overview of the United States aid cuts, including a 90-day suspension of all foreign assistance programs pending reviews. According to Robinson, this is “a pivotal moment that redefines the role of the United States in global development.” He emphasized the magnitude of the cuts, which will have an immediate impact on initiatives promoting disaster relief, education, health, and anti-corruption.

Robinson emphasized that these decisions have a human cost, particularly in conflict zones such as Syria and Sub-Saharan Africa. He stated that when critical aid initiatives are halted, millions of people lose access to clean water, healthcare, and education, as well as financial support.

See also: Kenya’s 2024 humanitarian aid landscape: Impact of US 90-day aid suspension

There was also discussion about how the United States’ decision to withdraw from the WHO would affect global health. The organization’s ability to respond to medical emergencies and pandemics is jeopardized due to the significant funding shortfall caused by this decision, Robinson stated.

“The withdrawal didn’t just undermine global health systems—it weakened the international community’s ability to work together during crises,” he said.

The effect on refugee and migration programs was another area of interest. Resettlement efforts have been hampered by the funding freeze, leaving thousands of families in a precarious situation.

“Refugees are being forced to wait indefinitely for safety and stability,” Robinson stated. “This fuels instability not only in host countries but also globally.”

Robinson promoted creative solutions in the face of these obstacles, asking NGOs to adjust by emphasizing localization and forming alliances with impacted communities.

“Empowering local actors and leveraging their expertise is key to creating sustainable solutions,” he s

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This episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues examines the rising trend of USAID stop work orders and the difficulties they pose for implementing partners. These unexpected pauses in project activity have left organizations struggling with the urgent need to continue essential development work, financial uncertainty, and compliance challenges. Stop work orders (SWOs), which USAID has been using more frequently lately, have left partners juggling compliance, financial survival, and the urgent need to continue essential projects.

To discuss this pressing issue, our host Hisham Allam is joined by Katherine Gentic, an expert in USAID compliance and contract management. With over 20 years of experience and a track record of advising more than 50 USAID partners, Katherine provided critical insights into how organizations can navigate these disruptions while protecting their teams, subcontractors, and project continuity.

The episode begins with a breakdown of USAID’s stop work orders—what they entail, how they should be implemented under Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), and why recent instances deviate from best practices. According to Katherine, these orders have been issued hastily, often with vague language and little opportunity for contractors to seek clarification.

“USAID staff have largely been instructed not to discuss these orders outside the agency,” Katherine explained. “This has left contractors interpreting them on their own, with no clear guidance on what costs they can continue to incur.”

The financial repercussions are profound. Many USAID-funded partners, particularly small businesses and subcontractors, are struggling to stay afloat while waiting for clarity on cost reimbursement.

“Stop work orders are not terminations, but many partners expect the worst. “The financial burden of waiting for resolution is frequently unsustainable,” Katherine warned.

With uncertain timelines and delayed communication, how can organizations reduce expenses without jeopardizing future operations? Katherine outlined reasonable steps that partners can take to balance compliance with financial sustainability. She emphasizes that organizations must carefully assess staffing costs, as many field offices operate in countries where termination of employment comes with significant severance obligations.

“Organizations must weigh whether layoffs or retaining staff is the most cost-effective option. In some cases, it is cheaper to keep staff on payroll than to incur severance and rehiring costs later,” she says.

Reevaluating office leases is another major concern. Rent and utilities remain a fixed burden, and while some organizations may consider terminating leases, they must first secure USAID approval to dispose of government-funded assets.

“A stop work order is not a termination. If partners start liquidating assets without approval, they risk severe compliance violations,” Katherine cautioned.

Subcontractors, many of whom are small businesses, are particularly vulnerable when stop work orders take effect. Some prime contractors have refused

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In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, host Hisham Allam confronted the seismic repercussions of the United States’ decision to slash USAID funding—a policy shift that destabilized the global aid sector and left vulnerable communities worldwide in peril. The cuts didn’t just trim budgets; they severed lifelines, strained alliances, and reshaped geopolitical power dynamics.

Felix Gnehm, President of Alliance Sud and Director of Solidar Suisse, joined the discussion with stark warnings. A veteran of humanitarian crises—from post-earthquake recovery in Pakistan to U.N. policy advocacy—Gnehm minced no words:

“This isn’t just a funding cut. It’s a massive blow to global cooperation. We haven’t seen such a brutal and honest disruption before.”

The cuts immediately halted critical programs, from healthcare initiatives to election support projects. Gnehm cited canceled contracts totaling over $4 billion, including a $130 million healthcare project in Madagascar and a $40 million education program in the Philippines.

“Sixty-four election-related projects in nations like Senegal were scrapped overnight,” he said. “We’re looking at a complete breakdown of critical services. Without intervention, millions will suffer, and instability will rise.”

See also: US Aid Freeze: Immediate Effects of the Executive Order | DevelopmentAid Dialogues

When asked whether other donors could fill the void, Gnehm dismissed the idea. Though the European Union and smaller donors had floated pledges, he argued:

“This gap is billions of dollars, and you can’t just fill it. No nation can intervene overnight.” While he acknowledged a potential long-term opportunity to reform aid systems, he stressed, “The short-term consequences will be severe.”

With the U.S. retreating, Gnehm noted that China, Russia, and Gulf states had swiftly expanded their influence through loans and infrastructure deals. But he questioned their motives:

“These donors don’t ask people what they need. They just build roads, ports, and railways that serve their interests—not necessarily the people’s.”

The shift, he warned, wasn’t benign:

“This isn’t a replacement for democratic aid. It’s a step toward reinforcing authoritarian regimes.”

Even as organizations scrambled to adapt, Gnehm expressed skepticism about private sector solutions.

“We’ve been talking about private investment stepping in for 20 years. It hasn’t happened at the scale needed, and I don’t expect it to now,” he said.

Philanthropic efforts, while helpful, lacked the reach to replace systemic funding losses.

Gnehm closed with a blunt appeal:

“Development aid isn’t charity—it’s stability insurance.” He urged policymakers to recognize the domino effect of cuts: “When aid disappears, we don’t just see suffering in distant countries. We see rising instability, refugee flows, and security threats everywhere.”

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One of the biggest barriers to sustainable development is still corruption, which undermines confidence in institutions, damages economies, and especially affects the most vulnerable. Host Hisham Allam talked with Dr. Jean-Pierre Méan, a well-known anti-corruption specialist and former president of Transparency International Switzerland, in this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues about the ongoing difficulties in the battle against corruption and the pressing need for systematic transformation.

Dr. Méan brings decades of expertise in anti-corruption law and corporate compliance systems. He played a key role in drafting the 2011 edition of the International Chamber of Commerce’s Rules on Combating Corruption and contributed to the development of the ISO 37001 Standard on Anti-Bribery Management Systems. As the head of the working group that established competency requirements for auditors of these systems, he continues to oversee the standard’s implementation. His extensive experience includes advisory roles with the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the OECD, and the Cour des Comptes of the Canton of Vaud. In addition, he has authored numerous publications on international business, focusing on anti-corruption law and best practices.

Download the transcript of this episode.

Dr. Méan emphasized that although worldwide efforts have been made, corruption still flourishes because of political apathy and selective enforcement in systems where power and financial interests interact.

“Corruption is a natural danger in any such system.”“We have the laws; what we lack is the will to enforce them effectively. Too often, corruption cases are ignored or pursued selectively, undermining public trust in the system,” he explained.

Despite a proliferation of international agreements and compliance programs, Dr. Méan emphasized that these measures often amount to little more than symbolic gestures.

“We need a shift in mindset. Anti-corruption measures should not be seen as mere compliance requirements but as fundamental to ethical governance and sustainable development.”

Without genuine commitment from governments and the private sector, corruption remains deeply embedded in institutional structures.

See also: Corruption’s Two-Way Street: How UK Bribery and Illicit Flows Drive Global Corruption | DevelopmentAid Dialogues

He underlined that one of the most obvious shortcomings in the battle against corruption is the lack of protection for whistleblowers.

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While the drastic aid cuts announced by the largest donors are making the headlines around the world, a deeper issue may be at stake. In this episode of DevelopmentAid Dialogues, host Hisham Allam speaks to Dr. Göran Holmqvist, perhaps the most prominent voice in the international context of development, about the unprecedented shift in global aid paradigms. 

With decades of leadership experience, including at SIDA in Sweden, UNICEF's Office of Research in Florence, and the Nordic Africa Institute, Dr. Holmqvist is now a researcher at the Institute for Future Studies in Stockholm. His thinking is both urgent and sobering about the geopolitical undercurrents that are driving today's aid cuts.  

With foreign aid budgets slashed by up to 40% in the UK, France and Belgium, with Germany likely to follow, the question becomes that much more defining: is this a temporary response due to fiscal pressures or the beginning of a long-term retreat into a darker, more introspective place relative to global solidarity? 

Download the transcript of this episode.

 "In the short run, yes, it looks quite problematic," Holmqvist said. But he warned against drawing simplistic conclusions. “When it comes to the U.S., I believe the aid cuts reflect a deeper ideological repositioning. For some European countries, the reductions appear more reluctant—done with regret and driven by budgetary constraints rather than a lack of political will." 

Yet the implications are profound. Holmqvist emphasized that the challenges necessitating global cooperation—climate change, migration, conflict—are intensifying, not fading. “These problems will come back and haunt us. Eventually, we’ll have to return to the table of international cooperation.” 

He argued that aid has become politically vulnerable, especially under the influence of right-wing populist movements. These movements often oppose the values underpinning development assistance—solidarity, equality, and shared responsibility. “It’s not that public opinion has fundamentally shifted. Eurobarometer data shows strong continued support for aid among European citizens. What’s changed is the political discourse and the rise of parties that capitalize on skepticism.” 

This disconnect between public sentiment and political action has made aid an easy target. Holmqvist warned against internalizing the rhetoric that global solidarity is unpopular. “We shouldn’t buy into the idea that people don’t care anymore. That simply isn’t supported by the evidence.” 

Throughout the conversation, Holmqvist returned to a powerful metaphor—the Prisoner’s Dilemma. Global problems, he explained, mirror the logic of that game: individual actors are tempted to defect for short-term gain, even though long-term cooperation benefits everyone. “Game theory shows us that the most successful strategy over time is ‘tit-for-tat with forgiveness.’ That means we start by cooperating, punish defections, but always leave the door open to rebuild trust.” 

Applying this logic, he stressed the need for “naming and shaming” countries that withdraw from cooperative frameworks, while simultaneously encouraging a path back to alignment. He was particularly critical of the U.S. under former President Donald Trump, who he said pursued “a strategy for losers” by retreating from multilateralism and disregarding global responsibilities.

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