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Democracy Paradox (Justin Kempf)

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Pub. DateTitleDuration
08 Feb 2022Lisa Disch on Representation, Constituencies, and Political Leadership00:50:21

The tension in what we want from democratic representation is that we want control over our representatives and we want creativity from them. If we control them, they are delegates. They're not representatives. They do what we want. They act in our place instead of us. They act as we would in our place. If they give us creativity, they will bring things out of us and do things for us that we may not have imagined.

Lisa Disch

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of Making Constituencies: Representation as Mobilization in Mass Democracy  here.

Lisa Disch is a professor of political science at the University of Michigan and an elected member of the Ann Arbor City Council. She is the author of the book Making Constituencies: Representation as Mobilization in Mass Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Should elected officials serve as delegates or opinion shapers?
  • What is the line between leadership and manipulation?
  • What is the constituency paradox?
  • Does representation facilitate citizen mobilization?
  • Can realists be idealists?

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for early access to new episodes and exclusive updates and information. 


Key Links

Making Constituencies: Representation as Mobilization in Mass Democracy by Lisa Jane Disch

Learn about Lisa Disch at the University of Michigan

Lisa Disch for City Council


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sara Wallace Goodman on Citizen Responses to Democratic Threats

Caitlin Andrews-Lee on Charismatic Movements and Personalistic Leaders

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

15 Feb 2022Debasish Roy Chowdhury and John Keane on the Decline of Indian Democracy00:54:38

You treat votes as equal. My vote is equal to your vote. But the state treats our bodies as unequal. That logically makes no sense and it is farcical to call it a democracy in the first place. Forget what implications this will have for democracy in the long-term, but to be called a democracy and to have your bodies treated differently is a farce in itself.

Debasish Roy Chowdhury

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of To Kill a Democracy: India's Passage to Despotism  here.

Deb Chowdhry is a journalist who has published in Time, South China Morning Post, and Washington Times. John Keane is a Professor of Politics at the University of Sydney. They are the authors of the recent book To Kill a Democracy: India's Passage to Despotism.

Key Highlights

  • Who is Mamata Banerjee?
  • How does political violence undermine democracy?
  • How does the failure to tackle social problems affect democracy?
  • Why is Indian democracy in decline?
  • What does India's experience teach other democracies?


Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for early access to new episodes and exclusive updates and information.


Key Links

To Kill A Democracy: India's Passage to Despotism by Debasish Roy Chowdhury and John Keane

Learn more about Debasish Roy Chowdhury

Learn more about John Keane


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Bilal Baloch on Indira Gandhi, India’s Emergency, and the Importance of Ideas in Politics

Christophe Jaffrelot on Narendra Modi and Hindu Nationalism

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

22 Feb 2022Elisabeth Ivarsflaten and Paul Sniderman on the Inclusion and Respect of Muslim Minorities00:46:17

If you're actually a real person and you're living your life and you're going into stores and you're riding on a bus or your kids are going to school, what matters is that you be treated with respect. That you have a dignity. And that, I think, at every point that matters most to us is what the book has wound up being about. It’s an essay on respect as a condition of a liberal democracy.

Paul Sniderman

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of The Struggle for Inclusion: Muslim Minorities and the Democratic Ethos  here.

Elisabeth Ivarsflaten is a professor of political science and scientific director of the Digital Social Science Core Facility at the University of Bergen, Norway. Paul Sniderman is the Fairleigh S. Dickinson Jr., Professor of Public Policy at Stanford University. They are the authors of The Struggle for Inclusion: Muslim Minorities and the Democratic Ethos.

Key Highlights

  • Western societies show greater openness towards Muslim immigrants than previously recognized
  • Where are there opportunities for real inclusion for Muslim immigrants
  • How innovative research designs led to unexpected results
  • The difference between recognition respect and appraisal respect
  • The limits to inclusion for liberal societies that remain today


Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Key Links

The Struggle for Inclusion: Muslim Minorities and the Democratic Ethos by Elisabeth Ivarsflaten and Paul Sniderman

Learn more about the Digital Social Science Core Facility including The Norwegian Citizen Panel

Learn more about Paul Sniderman


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sara Wallace Goodman on Citizen Responses to Democratic Threats

Mike Hoffman on How Religious Identities Influence Support for or Opposition to Democracy

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

01 Mar 2022Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World00:41:30

You can't protect basic human rights if you don't have democracy. If you're going to protect basic human rights, you need to have things like credible institutions that hold abusers to account. You need to have opportunities for the least advantaged in a society. The people whose rights are most at risk to be able to choose their leaders and choose leaders who will represent them and serve their interests. You need leaders that serve for the common good, not for their own personal gain.

Sarah Repucci

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of Freedom in the World 2022: The Global Expansion of Authoritarian Rule  here.

Sarah Repucci is the Vice President of Research and Analysis at Freedom House. She coauthored (along with Amy Slipowitz) Freedom in the World 2022: The Global Expansion of Authoritarian Rule.

Key Highlights

  • Global freedom has declined for 16 consecutive years
  • How Russia's invasion of Ukraine is part of a broader expansion of authoritarianism
  • Myanmar and other countries with major declines in freedom
  • Bright spots like Ecuador and Peru
  • How we can support democracy in the world


Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 


Key Links

Freedom in the World 2022: The Global Expansion of Authoritarian Rule by Sarah Repucci and Amy Slipowitz

Learn more about Freedom House

Follow Freedom House on Twitter @freedomhouse


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Freedom House: Sarah Repucci Assesses Freedom in the World

Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman on Democratic Backsliding

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

08 Mar 2022Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili and Ilia Murtazashvili on Afghanistan, Local Institutions, and Self-Governance00:48:52

It wasn't because Afghan social norms don’t support democracy. They do. And Afghans understood darn well what they were supposed to have. But they never even got the minimum of what they were promised in the constitution.

Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of Land, the State, and War: Property Institutions and Political Order in Afghanistan  here.

Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili and Ilia Murtazashvili are associate professors at the University of Pittsburgh and the authors of the recent book Land, the State, and War: Property Institutions and Political Order in Afghanistan. Jen is also the founding director and Ilia is an associate director of the Center for Governance and Markets.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Key Highlights

  • Description of the role of shuras, maliks, and mullahs in local governance
  • How property rights help explain local governance
  • Why has the state always been ineffective in Afghanistan
  • A little history on Afghanistan
  • Are local, self-governing institutions in Afghanistan democratic?


Key Links

Land, the State, and War: Property Institutions and Political Order in Afghanistan by Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili and Ilia Murtazashvili

Learn more about the Center for Governance and Markets

Follow Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili on Twitter @jmurtazashvili

Follow Ilia Murtazashvili on Twitter @IMurtazashvili


Democracy Paradox Podcast

David Stasavage on Early Democracy and its Decline

Donald F. Kettl on Federalism

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

15 Mar 2022Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power00:37:44

But what we have now is something that has not been sufficiently discussed, sufficiently understood, which is a criminalized state of which Russia is an example, in the Balkans we have some examples, in Latin America Venezuela stands out as an example. And that is essentially that the state becomes an organized criminal organization. An organization that essentially uses the structure, strategies, tactics, modalities of organized crime.

Moisés Naím

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of The Revenge of Power: How Autocrats Are Reinventing Politics for the 21st Century  here.

Moisés Naím is a scholar at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and an internationally syndicated columnist. He served as editor in chief of Foreign Policy, as Venezuela's trade minister, and as executive director of the World Bank. He is the author of The End of Power: From Boardrooms to Battlefields and Churches to States, Why Being In Charge Isn't What It Used to Be and most recently, The Revenge of Power: How Autocrats Are Reinventing Politics for the 21st Century.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Key Highlights

  • How 3P Autocrats Use Polarization, Populism, and Post-Truth to Consolidate Power
  • Why Do People Elect Autocrats
  • Naím's Personal Evolution in his Ideas on Power
  • The Rise of the Criminal State
  • Naím discusses Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine


Key Links

The Revenge of Power: How Autocrats Are Reinventing Politics for the 21st Century by Moisés Naím

Learn more about Moisés Naím

Follow Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili on Twitter @MoisesNaim


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

Caitlin Andrews-Lee on Charismatic Movements and Personalistic Leaders

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

22 Mar 2022Between Russia and China: Anja Mihr on Central Asia00:53:12

Russia... will lose ground here in the region over the next decade and China will fill it, because the Europeans are not doing it. The United States is not doing it. Iran is not doing it and Turkey cannot do it either.

Anja Mihr

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of Between Peace and Conflict in the East and the West Studies on Transformation and Development in the OSCE Region  here.

Anja Mihr is an associate professor of Political Science at the OSCE Academy at Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and the founder and program director of the Center on Governance through Human Rights at the HUMBOLDT-VIADRINA Governance Platform (gGmbH) in Berlin. Recently, she edited the volume Between Peace and Conflict in the East and the West Studies on Transformation and Development in the OSCE Region.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Key Highlights

  • How do Central Asian countries feel about Russia's invasion of Ukraine?
  • Differences and similarities between Central Asian nations
  • Why has China become so influential in the region?
  • Sadyr Japarov and his rise to power
  • What is Glocalism?


Key Links

Between Peace and Conflict in the East and the West: Studies on Transformation and Development in the OSCE Region  edited by Anja Mihr

Learn more about Anja Mihr

Follow Anja Mihr on Twitter @AnjaMihr

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili and Ilia Murtazashvili on Afghanistan, Local Institutions, and Self-Governance

Timothy Frye Says Putin is a Weak Strongman

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

29 Mar 2022Miles Rapoport on How We Can Achieve Universal Voting00:46:58

I have worked on voting issues for 35 years, for same-day registration and for opening up the process to younger people and preregistration, and, you know, nevertheless 35 years later we're still at 60 and 65%. 2020 was the highest turnout election ever and it was at 66%. So, I started to think what is it that could really, really move the needle and change the game.

Miles Rapoport

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com or a short review of 100% Democracy: The Case for Universal Voting  here.

Miles Rapoport is also the Senior Practice Fellow in American Democracy at the Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation at the Harvard Kennedy School. He formerly served as secretary of the state of Connecticut.  He is the coauthor of the book 100% Democracy: The Case for Universal Voting with E.J. Dionne.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Key Highlights

  • What is Civic Duty Voting?
  • Why Should We Require Citizens to Vote?
  • Is Voting a Right or a Duty?
  • Australia's System of Civic Duty Voting
  • How Would it Change How Citizens Think About Themselves?


Key Links

100% Democracy: The Case for Universal Voting by Miles Rapoport and E.J. Dionne

Learn about Miles Rapoport at Harvard University

Lift Every Voice: The Urgency of Universal Civic Duty Voting 

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Shari Davis Elevates Participatory Budgeting

Lee Drutman Makes the Case for Multiparty Democracy in America

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

05 Apr 2022Craig Whitlock on the Lessons Learned in Afghanistan00:59:24

It's still shocking to me to read a lot of these documents and interviews in, The Afghanistan Papers, things that most people would think are obvious. What's the plan to end the war? What benchmarks do we have to achieve so that we know we can leave? You know, none of those things were thought out or articulated.

Craig Whitlock

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Craig Whitlock is an investigative reporter at The Washington Post and the author of The Afghanistan Papers: A Secret History of the War.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Key Highlights

  • When did the War in Afghanistan Go Wrong
  • The Lies and Deception in Communications on the War
  • Differences in the Approach to the War Between Bush and Obama
  • Failures to Provide a Long-Term Political Solution
  • Lessons for Involvement in Ukraine and Beyond

 
Key Links

The Afghanistan Papers: A Secret History of the War by Craig Whitlock

Afghanistan Papers Document Database at The Washington Post

"At War With Truth" by Craig Whitlock

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili and Ilia Murtazashvili on Afghanistan, Local Institutions, and Self-Governance

Karen Greenberg on the War on Terror, Donald Trump, and American Democracy

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

12 Apr 2022Mark Beissinger on Contemporary Urban Civic Revolutions00:50:34

I think the revolutionary process has become somewhat less consequential in some ways. The ability to bring about substantive change in the wake of revolution has deteriorated for one thing. We've gained certain things as well. I mean, revolutions are no longer as violent as they once were. They're more frequent than they once were, almost more normal in terms of being part of the political landscape in a way that they were not in the past.

Mark Beissinger

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Mark Beissinger is a professor of politics at Princeton University and the author of the new book The Revolutionary City: Urbanization and the Global Transformation of Rebellion.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Key Highlights

  • An Account of the Orange Revolution in Ukraine
  • Description of Urban Civic Revolutions
  • Why are Revolutions more Successful than in the Past?
  • Why are Revolutions Less Violent?
  • How do Revolutions Continue to Change?


Key Links

The Revolutionary City: Urbanization and the Global Transformation of Rebellion by Mark Beissinger

Learn more about Mark Beissinger at Princeton University

Learn more about Mark Beissinger at Wikipedia

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Erica Chenoweth on Civil Resistance

George Lawson on Revolution

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

19 Apr 2022Yascha Mounk on the Great Experiment of Diverse Democracies00:51:18

So, there's actually something about the basic mechanism of democracy that does make it harder to sustain diversity. In other ways, the principles of liberal democracy are the right solution. And so, obviously my vision for the future is that of a diverse democracy. But we shouldn't be at ease about the ways in which democracy can sometimes inflame ethnic and religious tensions as well.

Yascha Mounk

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Yascha Mounk is a Professor of the Practice of International Affairs at Johns Hopkins University and the founder of Persuasion. Mounk is also a contributing editor at The Atlantic and a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is the author of The Great Experiment: Why Diverse Democracies Fall Apart and How They Can Endure.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Key Highlights

  • Is a diverse democracy more democratic
  • Challenges for diverse democracies
  • Yascha's vision for diverse societies
  • The most dangerous idea in American Politics
  • Is it more difficult for diverse ideas to flourish?


Key Links

The Great Experiment: Why Diverse Democracies Fall Apart and How They Can Endure by Yascha  Mounk

Read more from Yascha Mounk at Persuassion

Follow Yascha Mounk @Yascha_Mounk


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Elisabeth Ivarsflaten and Paul Sniderman on Inclusion and Respect of Muslim Minorities

Sara Wallace Goodman on Citizen Responses to Democratic Threats

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

26 Apr 2022Marta Dyczok and Andriy Kulykov on the Media, Information Warriors, and the Future of Ukraine00:54:13

I heard a verified story of a person who made his way with his family from an occupied town listening to our broadcast, because we were telling them where it was dangerous for them to go and where it was more or less safe to go. So, radio actually saves lives. I probably cannot save lives otherwise. But I can with the help of radio.

Andriy Kulykov

Recorded on April 19th, 2022.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Marta Dyczok is an Associate Professor at the Departments of History and Political Science, Western University, Canada. She was the host of the podcast Ukraine Calling. Andriy Kulykov is co-founder and Chairperson of Hromadske Radio.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Key Highlights

  • A Short History of Hromadske Radio
  • Do Journalists in Ukraine Consider Themselves Information Warriors
  • The Importance of Media Literacy in a War
  • How Radio Can Saved Lives in Ukraine
  • Andriy's Thoughts on Ukrainian Identity


Key Links

Ukraine Calling: A Kaleidoscope from Hromadske Radio 2016–2019 edited by Marta Dyczok

Listen to the Ukraine Calling Podcast

Learn more about Hromadske Radio


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Between Russia and China: Anja Mihr on Central Asia

Joshua Yaffa on Truth, Ambition, and Compromise in Putin’s Russia

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

03 May 2022Thomas Piketty on Equality00:31:31

Pure economic factors or technological factors or the level of economic development or level of technological development cannot explain the diversity of levels of inequality and structure of inequality that we observe throughout history.

Thomas Piketty

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Thomas Piketty is Professor at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) and the Paris School of Economics and Codirector of the World Inequality Lab. He is also the author of A Brief History of Equality.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Key Highlights

  • The Case for Reparations for Haiti
  • An Account of the Historical Movement Toward Greater Equality
  • Economic Inequality as a Political Construction
  • Should Economic Equality be the Goal of the State?
  • Is Thomas Piketty Optimistic for the Future?


Key Links

A Brief History of Equality by Thomas Piketty

Capital in the Twenty-First Century by Thomas Piketty

Follow Thomas Piketty on Twitter @PikettyLeMonde


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Joseph Fishkin on the Constitution, American History, and Economic Inequality

Jacob Hacker and Paul Pierson on the Plutocratic Populism of the Republican Party

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

10 May 2022Ronald Deibert from Citizen Lab on Cyber Surveillance, Digital Subversion, and Transnational Repression00:51:54

So, if your aim is to get inside someone's device without their permission and gather up information, you could do that using a very sophisticated commercial spyware technology like Pegasus. The latest iteration of it employs zero click technology meaning that it can target and insert itself on any device without the owner of that device even knowing or being tricked into clicking on a link. That's very powerful, because there is no defense against it.

Ronald Deibert

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Ronald Deibert is a professor of political science at the Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto and the Director of the Citizen Lab. He recently gave the 18th annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture at the National Endowment for Democracy. Its title was “Digital Subversion: The Threat to Democracy.” His article, “Subversion Inc: The Age of Private Espionage” in the most recent Journal of Democracy is based on this lecture.

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Key Highlights

  • How Black Cube tried to infiltrate Citizen Lab
  • How autocrats continue to repress political dissidents overseas
  • The privatization of espionage and spycraft
  • The link between surveillance capitalism and private espionage
  • What liberal democracies can do to defend civil society


Key Links

Citizen Lab

Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture "Digital Subversion: The Threat to Democracy" by Ronald Deibert

"Subversion Inc: The Age of Private Espionage" by Ronald Deibert in Journal of Democracy

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Can Democracy Survive the Internet? Nate Persily and Josh Tucker on Social Media and Democracy

Winston Mano on Social Media and Politics in Africa… And what America can Learn from Africa about Democracy

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

13 May 2022Dan Banik is In Pursuit of Development00:37:06

This bonus episode is part of a series of interviews available for monthly supporters of Democracy Paradox at Patreon. Other interviews feature guests like Julia Azari, Mila Atmos, and Bob Shrum. But more importantly you'll help the podcast cover important expenses and continue to grow. Please consider becoming a monthly supporter by clicking on the link here.

If you want to help the podcast in other ways, please email the host, Justin Kempf, at jkempf@democracyparadox.com.

Dan Banik is a professor of political science at the University of Oslo and Director of the Oslo SDG Initiative. He also hosts the podcast In Pursuit of Development. His podcast is among the most insightful on topics of democracy, modernization, and sustainability. Past guests have included Francis Fukuyama and Daron Acemoglu. But it's Dan's ability to help listeners understand complex ideas and subjects that sets his podcast apart.

In Pursuit of Development 

Follow on Twitter @GlobalDevPod 

Follow Dan on Twitter @danbanik 

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

17 May 2022Scott Radnitz on Why Conspiracy Theories Thrive in Both Democracies and Autocracies00:51:30

There's something natural and organic about perceiving that the people in power are out to advance their own interests. It's in part because it’s often true. Governments actually do keep secrets from the public. Politicians engage in scandals. There often is corruption at high levels. So, we don't want citizens in a democracy to be too trusting of their politicians. It's healthy to be skeptical of the state and its real abuses and tendencies towards secrecy. The danger is when this distrust gets redirected, not toward the state, but targets innocent people who are not actually responsible for people's problems.

Scott Radnitz

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

*Please note during the interview the host says "conspiracy" rather than "conspiracy theory." The transcript has been corrected.*

Scott Radnitz is an associate professor of Russian and Eurasian Studies at the University of Washington and the director of the Ellison Center for Russian, Eastern European, and Central Asian Studies. He is the author of Revealing Schemes: The Politics of Conspiracy in Russia and the Post-Soviet Region and coeditor with Harris Mylonas of the forthcoming book Enemies Within: The Global Politics of Fifth Columns. His article “Why Democracy Fuels Conspiracy Theories” was recently published in the Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Conspiracy theories Russia uses to justify their invasion of Ukraine
  • Why Russia relies on conspiracy theories in its political rhetoric
  • The use of conspiracy theories in democracies and autocracies
  • The recent proliferation of conspiracy theories in the United States
  • How to mitigate the harmful effects of conspiracy theories in politics


Key Links

"Why Democracy Fuels Conspiracy Theories" by Scott Radnitz in Journal of Democracy

Revealing Schemes: The Politics of Conspiracy in Russia and the Post-Soviet Region by Scott Radnitz

Enemies Within: The Global Politics of Fifth Columns edited by Harris Mylonas and Scott Radnitz


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Ronald Deibert from Citizen Lab on Cyber Surveillance, Digital Subversion, and Transnational Repression

Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

24 May 2022Kathryn Stoner on How Putin's War has Ruined Russia00:40:48

Boeing is pulling out, DuPont, Erickson, Analog Devices, Bombardier. Eventually all of these things are going to cause supply and production chain issues and unemployment in Russia. So, Mr. Putin doesn't have an infinite amount of time before havoc is wrought.

Kathryn Stoner

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Kathryn Stoner is the Mosbacher Director at the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law, a professor of political science at Stanford University, and a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution. She is also the author of the book Russia Resurrected: Its Power and Purpose in a New Global Order. Her article “How Putin’s War Has Ruined Russia” was recently published online at journalofdemocracy.org.

Key Highlights

  • How has Russia's invasion of Ukraine affected perceptions of Russia's military
  • How has it affected its economy both short-term and long-term
  • How has it affected Russia's international standing
  • The affects on Russia's citizens
  • What does Putin's unpredictability mean for peace in Ukraine


Key Links

"How Putin’s War in Ukraine Has Ruined Russia" by Kathryn Stoner in Journal of Democracy

Russia Resurrected: Its Power and Purpose in a New Global Order by Kathryn Stoner

Follow Kathryn Stoner on Twitter @kath_stoner


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power

Kathryn Stoner on Russia’s Economy, Politics, and Foreign Policy

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

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31 May 2022Dan Slater on Indonesia. Democracy in Hard Places00:51:11

This might sound like a cliche, but in Indonesia it's really, really true. My hope rests in the Indonesian people and the voters. I mean, the voters, they show up. The voters have been the ones to defend democracy. They've been the ones to reject the most anti-pluralistic candidates, not all Indonesian voters, but a slim majority. They've been managing to do it.

Dan Slater

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Dan Slater is the Weiser Professor of Emerging Democracies in the Department of Political Science and director of the Weiser Center for Emerging Democracies at the University of Michigan. Dan is also the coauthor of the forthcoming book From Development to Democracy: The Transformations of Modern Asia with Joseph Wong.

Key Highlights

  • A brief account of how Indonesia democratized
  • What is democratization through strength
  • How elites held onto power after democratization
  • What makes Indonesia a hard place for democracy
  • The current state of Indonesia's democracy


Key Links

From Development to Democracy: The Transformations of Modern Asia by Dan Slater and Joseph Wong

Democracy in Hard Places edited by Scott Mainwaring and Tarek Masoud

Follow Dan Slater on Twitter @SlaterPolitics


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Donald Horowitz on the Formation of Democratic Constitutions

Sebastian Strangio Explains the Relationship Between China and Southeast Asia

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

07 Jun 2022Evan Lieberman on South Africa. Democracy in Hard Places00:49:02

When you hear people talk in such disparaging tones, that everything is broken, that nothing is possible, you need to ask yourself, is that right? When you look around, the answer is no. There are these examples where things do go right, where people work together and create a neighborhood or a community for themselves in which they can be prosperous and build better lives. And that's really what the democratic project is all about.

Evan Lieberman

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Evan Lieberman is a Professor of Political Science and Contemporary Africa at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Director of the MIT Global Diversity Lab, and the faculty director of the MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI). He is the coauthor with Rorisang Lekalake of the recent article "South Africa's Resilient Democracy" in the Journal of Democracy and author of the forthcoming book Until We Have Won Our Liberty: South Africa after Apartheid.

Key Highlights

  • Why is Evan Lieberman optimistic about democracy in South Africa
  • Role of Nelson Mandela on South Africa's democracy
  • Importance of South Africa for democracy in the world
  • Account of the housing community Ethembalethu
  • What the 2019 election says about democracy in South Africa


Key Links

Until We Have Won Our Liberty: South Africa after Apartheid by Evan Lieberman

"South Africa’s Resilient Democracy" by Evan Lieberman and Rorisang Lekalake in Journal of Democracy

Learn more about Evan Lieberman at www.evanlieberman.org

Follow Evan Lieberman on Twitter @evlieb

Democracy in Hard Places edited by Scott Mainwaring and Tarek Masoud


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Dan Slater on Indonesia

Nic Cheeseman and Gabrielle Lynch on the Moral Economy of Elections in Africa

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

14 Jun 2022Ashutosh Varshney on India. Democracy in Hard Places00:54:40

Nehru is asked several times in those early years, ‘Aren’t you doing something which has never been done before? You are 17% literate. Half of your country is below the poverty line. Under such conditions no democracy has ever stabilize itself and perhaps has not emerged.’ And his argument repeatedly is that we shouldn't be constrained by the history of the West.

Ashutosh Varshney

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Ashutosh Varshney is the Sol Goldman Professor of International Studies and the Social Sciences and Professor of Political Science at Brown University, where he also directs the Center for Contemporary South Asia. His chapter "India’s Democratic Longevity and Its Troubled Trajectory" appears in the forthcoming book Democracy in Hard Places.

Key Highlights

  • How India defied early theories of democratization
  • The role of leadership in India's early democracy
  • Why India returned to democracy after Indira Gandhi's emergency?
  • The eerie similarities between India's recent treatment of Muslims and the rise of the Jim Crow era in the American South
  • When will democratic backsliding in India become a democratic collapse


Key Links

"Modi Consolidates Power: Electoral Vibrancy, Mounting Liberal Deficits" by Ashutosh Varshney in Journal of Democracy

Learn more about Ashutosh Varshney at www.ashutoshvarshney.net

Follow Ashutosh Varshney on Twitter @ProfVarshney

Democracy in Hard Places edited by Scott Mainwaring and Tarek Masoud


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Dan Slater on Indonesia

Christophe Jaffrelot on Narendra Modi and Hindu Nationalism

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

21 Jun 2022Rachel Beatty Riedl on Benin. Democracy in Hard Places.00:47:14

So, at some level, a belief in democracy was necessary in Benin as in elsewhere. Support for it - Absolutely. But what's interesting in the Benin case is that you were lacking that level of political elite leadership that were committed democratic ideologues.

Rachel Beatty Riedl

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Rachel Beatty Riedl is the John S. Knight Professor of International Studies, Director of the Einaudi Center for International Studies, and professor in the Department of Government at Cornell University. She also cohosts the podcast Ufahamu Africa with Kim Yi Dionne. Her chapter "Africa’s Democratic Outliers Success amid Challenges in Benin and South Africa" appears in the forthcoming book Democracy in Hard Places.

Key Highlights

  • Details the story of Benin's democratization
  • How Benin has used consensus to govern
  • What makes Benin a democracy in a hard place
  • An overview of the current President Patrice Talon
  • Current threats to democracy in Benin


Key Links

Learn more about the Einaudi Center for International Studies

Listen to the Ufahamu Podcast

Follow Rachel Beatty Riedl on Twitter @BeattyRiedl

Democracy in Hard Places edited by Scott Mainwaring and Tarek Masoud


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Evan Lieberman on South Africa

Christophe Jaffrelot on Narendra Modi and Hindu Nationalism

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

28 Jun 2022Michael Coppedge on Why Democracies Emerge, Why They Decline, and Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)00:35:54

Democracy is a complex concept. It has to do with elections. It has to do with legislatures. It has to do with civil society organizations and courts and political styles of politicians. There's a lot packed into the concept and it's multidimensional, because some of these components don't move together.

Michael Coppedge

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Michael Coppedge is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame, a principal investigator of the Varieties of Democracy project, and a faculty fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies. He is a coeditor (along with Amanda Edgell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, and Staffan Lindberg) of Why Democracies Develop and Decline.

Key Highlights

  • Democracy as a multidimensional concept
  • How the conditions for democratization differ from those for backsliding
  • Ways researchers use information from V-Dem to discover new insights about democracy
  • New findings from V-Dem research regarding presidentialism, party system institutionalization, and anti-system parties
  • How has V-Dem changed research about democracy


Key Links

Learn more about the Varieties of Democracy Project

Follow the V-Dem Institute on Twitter @vdeminstitute

Why Democracies Develop and Decline edited by Michael Coppedge, Amanda B. Edgell, Carl Henrik Knutsen and Staffan I. Lindberg


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman on Democratic Backsliding

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

05 Jul 2022Lucan Way on Ukraine. Democracy in Hard Places00:41:24

The war is never going to really end. Because even in the most optimistic scenario where Ukraine regains its territory and it goes back to the 1991 borders, Russia is almost certainly going to present a permanent threat to Ukrainian sovereignty. I think objectively it will. But even if objectively it wasn’t, after such an invasion, you can imagine the political environment's going to treat it as one.

Lucan Way

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Lucan Way is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Toronto. He coauthored (along with Steven Levitsky) Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War. He has a new book also coauthored with Steven Levitsky due this fall called Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism. He is the author of the chapter "Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine: Democratic Moments in the Former Soviet Union" in the book Democracy in Hard Places.

Key Highlights

  • What makes Zelensky such a special leader?
  • Why wasn't Ukraine considered more democratic before Russia's invasion?
  • How has the war impacted democracy in Ukraine?
  • What role did Ukraine's ethnic pluralism contribute to democratization?
  • What challenges will Ukrainian democracy face after its war with Russia?


Key Links

Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism by Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way

Follow the Lucan Way on Twitter @LucanWay

"The Rebirth of the Liberal World Order?" by Lucan Way in the Journal of Democracy

Democracy in Hard Places edited by Scott Mainwaring and Tarek Masoud


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman on Democratic Backsliding

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

12 Jul 2022Scott Mainwaring on Argentina and a Final Reflection on Democracy in Hard Places00:44:13

I think they're really important. But I don't think that they are a complete safeguard. Certainly, when you create democracies in hard places, you want to think very carefully about what institutions you want in place and how you strengthen them. But if you get illiberal governing parties in democracies in hard places, they can run over institutions.

Scott Mainwaring

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Scott Mainwaring is the Eugene P. and Helen Conley Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame. He is also a faculty fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, where he previously served as director for 13 years and is a current Advisory Board member. He is the coeditor (with Tarek Masoud) of Democracy in Hard Places.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction 0:47
  • Why is Argentina a hard place for democracy? 2:35
  • Are democracies in hard places the exception or the norm? 9:19
  • Is Peronism a threat to democracy? 12:01
  • How can democracies strengthen institutions? 19:32
  • What role do citizens play? 33:27


Key Links

Learn more about Scott Mainwaring

"The Fates Of Third-Wave Democracies" by Scott Mainwaring and Fernando Bizarro in the Journal of Democracy

Democracy in Hard Places edited by Scott Mainwaring and Tarek Masoud


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Lucan Way on Ukraine. Democracy in Hard Places.

Rachel Beatty Riedl on Benin. Democracy in Hard Places.

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

19 Jul 2022Michael McFaul and Robert Person on Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine00:35:38

There are a lot of people quietly who are deeply frustrated with this war. Every rich person in Russia with one or two exceptions are frustrated with this war. I think many of the so-called liberal technocratic elites in the government are frustrated with this war. Lots of regional leaders are frustrated with this war. It's not just the vocal opposition. I think there's a quiet minority and maybe even majority that is exhausted with what Putin has done.

Michael McFaul

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Michael McFaul, former U.S. ambassador to Russia, is professor of political science at Stanford University, director of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, and Peter and Helen Bing Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. His most recent book is From Cold War to Hot Peace: An American Ambassador in Putin’s Russia (2018). Robert Person is associate professor of international relations at the U.S. Military Academy, director of its international affairs curriculum, and faculty affiliate at its Modern War Institute. Their essay "What Putin Fears Most" was published as an online exclusive from the Journal of Democracy in February and was included in the April 2022 issue.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction 0:48
  • Personal Account from Michael McFaul 3:16
  • Putin's Objectives 7:44
  • What would Russia be like without Putin? 12:22
  • Challenges for democracy in Ukraine 20:10
  • Effectiveness of sanctions 24:15
  • Where is the Russian Revolution going? 27:11


Key Links

Learn more about Michael McFaul

"What Putin Fears Most" by Robert Person and Michael McFaul in the Journal of Democracy

From Cold War To Hot Peace: An American Ambassador in Putin's Russia by Michael McFaul

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Kathryn Stoner on How Putin’s War has Ruined Russia

Marta Dyczok and Andriy Kulokov on the Media, Information Warriors, and the Future of Ukraine

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

26 Jul 2022Aynne Kokas on the Intersection Between Surveillance Capitalism and Chinese Sharp Power (or How Much Does the CCP Already Know About You?)00:45:08

The US consumer system is uniquely exploitative. US consumers are exploited by American companies, by French companies, by German companies, by Chinese companies, because there aren't laws protecting consumer data privacy that extend widely across the US consumer ecosystem. The main difference with Chinese companies is that the Chinese government has established an entire framework that pressures Chinese firms to share their data with Chinese government regulators.

Aynne Kokas

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Aynne Kokas is an associate professor of media studies and the C.K. Yen Chair at the University of Virginia’s Miller Center. Her most recent book is Trafficking Data: How China Is Winning the Battle for Digital Sovereignty. Her article "How Beijing Runs the Show in Hollywood" was published in this April's issue of Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:50
  • Video Games as Social Media - 3:02
  • Chinese Brands in the US Tech Market - 11:34
  • Party Control of China's Tech Industry - 19:40
  • America's Lack of Tech Regulations - 28:36
  • The Big Picture - 37:03


Key Links

Learn more about Aynne Kokas

Trafficking Data: How China Is Winning the Battle for Digital Sovereignty by Aynne Kokas

"How Beijing Runs the Show in Hollywood" by Aynne Kokas in the Journal of Democracy

Visit the Miller Center at the University of Virginia


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Ronald Deibert from Citizen Lab on Cyber Surveillance, Digital Subversion, and Transnational Repression

Mareike Ohlberg on the Global Influence of the Chinese Communist Party

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

02 Aug 2022Neil DeVotta on the Protests in Sri Lanka00:39:18

As long as people are able to cast their ballot, irrespective of the illiberalism, irrespective of all these other shortcomings, democracy, at least from a voting standpoint, has the capacity to surprise.

Neil Devotta

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Neil DeVotta is professor of politics and international affairs at Wake Forest University. His article "Sri Lanka's Agony" was published in this July's issue of Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • Overview of the Protests - 3:15
  • Protests After the Rajapaksas - 15:16
  • Background on the Rajapaksas - 24:58
  • Sri Lanka and Democracy - 30:31
  • Future of Sri Lanka - 34:11


Key Links

Learn more about Neil DeVotta

"Sri Lanka's Agony" by Neil DeVotta in the Journal of Democracy

"Sri Lanka: The Return to Ethnocracy" by Neil DeVotta in the Journal of Democracy


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Ashutosh Varshney on India. Democracy in Hard Places

Mark Beissinger on Urban Civic Revolutions

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

09 Aug 2022Jessica Pisano on How Zelenskyy Changed Ukraine00:35:57

There were lots of opportunities for a certain part of Ukrainian society to encounter Zelenskyy and to feel that they knew him. He was not an unknown quantity when he ran for president. So, I think that's important for us to keep in mind. I would say the so-called Western World is still discovering who he is, but his loyalty, his integrity, his ideas or his group's ideas about Ukrainian political nationhood have been in the works for a long time.

Jessica Pisano

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes and exclusive updates and information.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Jessica Pisano is Associate Professor in the Department of Politics at the New School for Social Research. She is the author of "How Zelensky Changed Ukraine" in the Journal of Democracy and Staging Democracy: Political Performance in Ukraine, Russia, and Beyond.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:49
  • Early Career of Zelenskyy - 2:58
  • What is Political Theater? - 10:30
  • Zelenskyy Changes Politics in Ukraine - 17:26
  • Zelenskyy as President - 22:43
  • Future of Ukraine - 30:41


Key Links

Learn more about Jessica Pisano

"How Zelensky Changed Ukraine" by Jessica Pisano in the Journal of Democracy

Staging Democracy: Political Performance in Ukraine, Russia, and Beyond by Jessica Pisano


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Michael McFaul and Robert Person on Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine

Lucan Way on Ukraine. Democracy in Hard Places.

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

16 Aug 2022Kim Lane Scheppele on Hungary, Viktor Orbán, and its Democratic Decline00:50:00

So, I came back from that trip and said to one of my good friends back in Budapest, ‘I think I've met the most dangerous person I've ever met personally.’ And she said, ‘Oh Viktor, he's nothing. He's like a kid. He's in his thirties.’ I mean, he was an aspiring politician at this point. His party was at the bottom of the polls. It didn't look like he had any future. And I said, ‘No, this guy has something. It's hard to define what it is, but we're going to be hearing from him.’

Kim Lane Scheppele

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes, ad free episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Kim Lane Scheppele is the Laurance S. Rockefeller Professor of Sociology and International Affairs and the University Center for Human Values at Princeton University.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:50
  • Kim Lane Scheppele meets Viktor Orbán - 2:45
  • Viktor Orbán as Prime Minister 1998-2002 - 9:21
  • Hungary Changes its Constitution 15:56
  • Orbán Undermines Democracy Legally - 26:32
  • Why do Voters Support Orbán and Fidesz - 41:48

Key Links

Learn more about Kim Lane Scheppele

"How Viktor Orbán Wins" by Kim Lane Scheppele in the Journal of Democracy

9/11 and the Rise of Global Anti-Terrorism Law: How the UN Security Council Rules the World edited by Kim Lane Scheppele and Arianna Vedaschi

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power

Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman on Democratic Backsliding

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com 

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy













Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

23 Aug 2022Laura Gamboa on Opposition Strategies to Resist Democratic Erosion00:41:01

There's always another set of elections. So, let's set up for elections. Let's figure out how to mobilize people. Let's figure out how to engage them and answer the question, ‘Why they elected this person? What did we miss? What do we need to build? Which kind of program.’ I think using the streets is great, but definitely you need training… A lot of training.This is a long-term effort. It's not about calling you on Facebook for a demonstration and that's it.

Laura Gamboa

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes, ad free episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Preorder Laura Gamboa's new book Resisting Backsliding: Opposition Strategies against the Erosion of Democracy here. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Laura Gamboa is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Utah. She is the author of the forthcoming book Resisting Backsliding: Opposition Strategies against the Erosion of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:47
  • Uribe was a Threat to Democracy - 3:11
  • Opposition Strategies in Colombia - 14:20
  • Opposition Strategies in Venezuela - 17:53
  • How Often do Aspiring Autocrats Get Elected - 27:03
  • Final Advice for Democratic Oppositions - 34:02


Key Links

Learn more about Laura Gamboa

"The Peace Process and Colombia’s Elections" by Laura Gambia in the Journal of Democracy

Resisting Backsliding: Opposition Strategies against the Erosion of Democracy by Laura Gamboa


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Kim Lane Scheppele on Hungary, Viktor Orbán, and its Democratic Decline

Caitlin Andrews-Lee on Charismatic Movements and Personalistic Leaders

More Episodes from the Podcast


More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

30 Aug 2022Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way on the Durable Authoritarianism of Revolutionary Regimes00:42:54

People like Lenin, Stalin, Mao, they basically lashed out at the entire capitalist world and that lashing out created a counterrevolutionary armed struggle, which in turn contributed to their durability. So, it's that reckless behavior in creating enemies that ultimately led to their creating very strong authoritarian institutions.

Lucan Way

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes, ad free episodes and exclusive updates and information. 

Preorder Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way's new book Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism here. 

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Lucan Way is a professor of political science at the University of Toronto and Co-Director of the Petro Jacyk Program for the Study of Ukraine. Steven Levitsky is the David Rockefeller Professor of Latin American Studies, professor of government, and director of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies at Harvard University. They are also co-chairs of the editorial board at the Journal of Democracy. They are the authors of the forthcoming book Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:45
  • How Recklessness Leads to Authoritarian Durability - 3:17
  • Why Revolutions Abandon Pluralism - 16:53
  • Revolutions and Institution Building - 22:05
  • Why does Durable Authoritarianism Fail - 29:31
  • Is the Era of Revolutions Over - 38:01

Key Links

Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism by Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way

Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War by Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way

"The Durability of Revolutionary Regimes" by Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way in the Journal of Democracy

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Lucan Way on Ukraine. Democracy in Hard Places.

Mark Beissinger on Urban Civic Revolutions

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com 

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox, Facebook, Instagram @democracyparadoxpodcast

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

06 Sep 2022Simon Usherwood on Boris Johnson, Liz Truss, and the Nested Games of British Politics00:46:51

Politics requires complex and ongoing engagement by all of us. There are lots of elements that hang together. The Brexit process has really highlighted that whatever we decide to do that has knock-on consequences and those knock-on consequences have knock-on consequences of their own which might come back and affect our original decision. Everything is connected and we are never going to have something that's going to make everybody happy.

Simon Usherwood

Support Democracy Paradox on Patreon for bonus episodes, ad free episodes and exclusive updates and information.

Order The Nested Games of Brexit here. 

Make a one-time Donation to Democracy Paradox.

A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Simon Usherwood is a Professor of Politics & International Studies at the Open University, Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Surrey's Centre for Britain & Europe and a National Teaching Fellow. Simon coauthored (along with John Pindar) The European Union: A Very Short Introduction. He recently coedited (along with Agnès Alexandre-Collier and Pauline Schnapper) The Nested Games of Brexit.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:48
  • The Rise of Boris Johnson - 3:44
  • Why Boris Johnson Resigned - 16:40
  • What are Nested Games - 23:48
  • Liz Truss and Rishi Sunak - 31:55
  • What Have we Learned about Democracy? 40:23

 Key Links

European Union: A Very Short Introduction (Very Short Introductions) by John Pindar and Simon Usherwood

Learn more about Simon Usherwood

Follow Simon Usherwood on Twitter @Usherwood

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Amory Gethin on Political Cleavages, Inequality, and Party Systems in 50 Democracies

Susan Rose-Ackerman on the Role of the Executive in Four Different Democracies

More Episodes from the Podcast

More Information

Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

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100 Books on Democracy

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19 Sep 2022Constitution Makers on Constitution Making: Hassen Ebrahim on South Africa's Constitution00:51:45

Back then as a child, when it was normal that we couldn't ride on all buses and sit on all park benches and be allowed to go and watch a movie in a cinema together. Today, our children simply don't know that we had those experiences. But in it lies the wonders of the successes of what we have achieved. And if we managed to change that, then I think we have the ability to change from where we are currently into the future.

Hassen Ebrahim

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Hassen Ebrahim was Executive Director of the Constitutional Assembly of South Africa, and is an advisor on constitution building. He participated in the construction of South Africa's constitution. He is the author of the chapter "Decisions, Deadlocks and Deadlines in Making South Africa’s Constitution" in the forthcoming book Constitution Makers on Constitution Making.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:50
  • Meaning of a Constitution - 2:54
  • Hassen's Political Journey - 10:07
  • Constitutional Process - 20:22
  • Unifying Event - 29:15
  • Areas of Disagreement - 36:48
  • Future of South Africa's Democracy - 46:18

Key Links

Read the Constitution of South Africa

Constitution Makers on Constitution Making: New Cases edited by Tom Ginsburg and Sumit Bisarya

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Joseph Fishkin on the Constitution, American History, and Economic Inequality

Donald Horowitz on the Formation of Democratic Constitutions

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20 Sep 2022Sarah Cook on China's Expanding Global Media Influence00:40:20

In country after country - we've counted over 130 news outlets of 30 countries that were republishing content that was produced by Chinese state media outlets or the Chinese embassy. So, these state media outlets are actually formally under the control of the Communist Party's propaganda department.

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Sarah Cook is the Research Director for China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan at Freedom House. She also directs their China Media Bulletin and authored the executive summary of this latest report, "Beijing's Global Media Influence 2022: Authoritarian Expansion and the Power of Democratic Resilience."

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • China and its Media Influence - 2:58
  • Chinese Influence Tactics - 12:48
  • The Effectiveness of Chinese Influence - 18:30
  • Resiliency of Democracies - 27:47

Key Links

Read the report "Beijing's Global Media Influence 2022: Authoritarian Expansion and the Power of Democratic Resilience"

Follow Sarah Cook on Twitter @Sarah_G_Cook

Follow Freedom House on Twitter @freedomhouse

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Aynne Kokas on the Intersection Between Surveillance Capitalism and Chinese Sharp Power (or How Much Does the CCP Already Know About You?)

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

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27 Sep 2022Lynn Vavreck on the 2020 Election and the Challenge to American Democracy00:36:53

The people who win get to enact policy and they get to change the world we live in. But we're at this moment where the candidates who lose, if they think that they don't have to abide by election outcomes, that's very important and that affects the kind of world we live in.

Lynn Vavreck

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Order The Bitter End: The 2020 Presidential Campaign and the Challenge to American Democracy by Chris Tausanovitch, John Sides, and Lynn Vavreck

Lynn Vavreck is the Marvin Hoffenberg Professor of American Politics and Public Policy at UCLA. She’s a contributor for The Upshot at The New York Times. She recently coauthored (with John Sides and Chris Tausanovitch) The Bitter End: The 2020 Presidential Campaign and the Challenge to American Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:39
  • Lessons from 2016 - 3:05
  • Political Calcification - 14:31
  • Why Did the Democrats Nominate Joe Biden? - 18:51
  • Forecasting the 2020 Election - 25:52
  • Implications for American Democracy - 29:39

Key Links

Follow Lynn Vavreck on Twitter @vavreck

Learn more about Lynn Vavreck

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Robert Lieberman, Kenneth Roberts, and David Bateman on Democratic Resilience and Political Polarization in the United States

Karen Greenberg on the War on Terror, Donald Trump, and American Democracy

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04 Oct 2022Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home00:40:49

The world can't wait for us to counter Russian and Chinese disinformation, support democratic struggles abroad, help to stabilize and improve democratic institutions, forge partnerships between our democratic organizations and actors and parties and theirs, and otherwise promote democracy around the world. The world can't wait for us to do that.

Larry Diamond

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Larry Diamond is widely considered the leading scholar of democracy. He is a professor at Stanford University and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. He was a co-founder of the Journal of Democracy with Marc Plattner in 1990. His influence on the thought and practice of democracy is incalculable. His recent article in Foreign Affairs is titled "All Democracy is Global."

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:49
  • Importance of Democracy - 2:34
  • Strategies to Promote Democracy - 11:30
  • American Policies - 19:59
  • Using Democracy's Strengths - 30:32

Key Links

Ill Winds: Saving Democracy from Russian Rage, Chinese Ambition, and American Complacency by Larry Diamond

Follow Larry Diamond on Twitter @LarryDiamond

Check out Larry Diamond's Greatest Hits at the Journal of Democracy

"All Democracy is Global" by Larry Diamond

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Michael McFaul and Robert Person on Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine

Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power

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11 Oct 2022Frank Dikötter on the History of China After Mao00:42:30

This is a party absolutely determined to maintain a monopoly of power and absolutely determined to crush any attempt by any group to suggest that there ought to be anything like separation of powers. No labor unions. No civil society. No freedom of press. No judicial independence. The mere suggestion of it seems to be so offensive that people end up in jail and that’s a constant theme that runs throughout this entire period.

Frank Dikötter

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Frank Dikötter is the author of three books about China under Mao called the People’s Trilogy. He is currently the Chair Professor of Humanities at the University of Hong Kong. His latest book is China After Mao: The Rise of a Superpower.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:52
  • Life in China After Mao - 3:06
  • How much did China Reform After Mao - 13:20
  • What do the Chinese People Want from Reform - 25:38
  • Is Political Reform Necessary for Deeper Economic Reforms - 29:33
  • Why is China's Reform Overstated - 36:18

Key Links

Learn more about Frank Dikötter at Wikipedia

The People's Trilogy by Frank Dikötter

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sarah Cook on China’s Expanding Global Media Influence

Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way on the Durable Authoritarianism of Revolutionary Regimes

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18 Oct 2022Jeremi Suri on America's Unfinished Fight for Democracy00:42:22

Our democracy is an evolving machine. The machine was built by a small group of people who were all men and looked the same. Over time the strength of American society is that it has grown and become more diverse and become very different. Our democracy has in an inefficient, episodic way been able to adjust and been able to at least account for some of that. But it hasn't done that in about a generation, and it's long time we do that.

Jeremi Suri

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Jeremi Suri is the Mack Brown Distinguished Chair for Leadership in Global Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. He cohosts the podcast This is Democracy with his son Zachary. His latest book is Civil War By Other Means: America’s Long and Unfinished Fight for Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:50
  • Reconstruction and American Democracy - 3:21
  • Contradictions in American Reconstruction - 15:25
  • How Reconstruction Era Issues Shape Democracy Today - 23:25
  • Democracy and Political Reform - 32:18


Key Links

This is Democracy a podcast from Jeremi and Zachary Suri

Follow Jeremi Suri on Twitter @JeremiSuri


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Lynn Vavreck on the 2020 Election and the Challenge to American Democracy

Can America Preserve Democracy without Retreating from it? Robert C. Lieberman on the Four Threats

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25 Oct 2022Allie Funk of Freedom House Assesses Global Internet Freedom00:40:43

The Internet's a battle space. I think this year unfortunately we've seen that more than ever with Russia's brazen invasion of Ukraine about how the internet and digital platforms are used to pursue authoritarian ends or to promote democracy and freedom and help people stay safe during armed conflict.

Allie Funk

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Allie Funk is the Research Director for Technology and Democracy at Freedom House. She was deeply involved in this year's Freedom on the Net report and coauthored the executive summary "Countering an Authoritarian Overhaul of the Internet" along with Adrian Shahbaz and Kian Vesteinsson.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:42
  • The Importance of Internet Freedom - 2:42
  • Where Internet Freedom Improved - 6:34
  • Internet Freedom in the China - 18:25
  • Internet Freedom as Transnational - 25:11


Key Links

Freedom on the Net 2022: Countering an Authoritarian Overhaul of the Internet by Adrian Shahbaz, Allie Funk, and Kian Vesteinsson

Learn more about Allie Funk

Follow Allie Funk on Twitter @alfunk


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sarah Cook on China’s Expanding Global Media Influence

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

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Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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01 Nov 2022Jason Brownlee Believes We Underestimate Democratic Resilience00:41:23

71% of Americans are concerned about democracy. And apparently that number, roughly 71%, holds for both parties. So, if listeners are concerned about democracy, they can expect that there's someone from the other party who's also concerned about democracy from a different perspective.

Jason Brownlee

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Jason Brownlee is a professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin. Along with Kenny Miao, he is the author of "Why Democracies Survive" and "A Quiet Consensus" in the Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:41
  • Democratic Decline and Resiliency - 3:40
  • National Income or Wealth and Democracy - 13:49
  • Democratic Backsliding - 21:53
  • More than Minimal Democracy - 32:02

Key Links

"Why Democracies Survive" by Jason Brownlee and Kenny Miao in the recent Journal of Democracy

"A Quiet Consensus" by Jason Brownlee and Kenny Miao in the recent Journal of Democracy

Learn more about Jason Brownlee

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Michael Coppedge on Why Democracies Emerge, Why They Decline, and Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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08 Nov 2022Emilee Booth Chapman Has Ideas About Voting with Profound Implications00:46:43

There is this idea on the one hand of this mass collective participation, but on the other hand that there's a lot of attention being given to the sort of dignity of each individual contribution. So, I think the experience of voting that is most valuable is when you have these two experiences juxtapose with each other

Emilee Booth Chapman

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Emilee Booth Chapman is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at Stanford University. Her most recent book is Election Day: How We Vote and What It Means for Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:40
  • Common Perceptions of Elections - 3:17
  • Creative Work of Politics - 15:15
  • Thoughts on Voting Reforms - 29:49
  • A Model of Good Voting - 39:21


Key Links

Election Day: How We Vote and What It Means for Democracy by Emilee Booth Chapman

Learn more about Emilee Booth Chapman


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jason Brownlee Believes We Underestimate Democratic Resilience

Miles Rapoport on How We Can Achieve Universal Voting

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15 Nov 2022Michael Ignatieff Warns Against the Politics of Enemies00:39:15

Democracy is the stage in which we mount the battle for power and we fight out our competing visions of what would be good for a society. But at the same time, the most dangerous of all things we try to do in a democracy is argue about what is democratic and what is undemocratic.

Michael Ignatieff

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Michael Ignatieff is a historian and former Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. He has served as rector and president of Central European University, and is the author, most recently, of On Consolation: Finding Solace in Dark Times. He recently wrote, "The Politics of Enemies" in the Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction
  • What is democracy? 3:15
  • Role of Politicians - 18:05
  • January 6th - 21:06
  • The Politics of Enemies - 23:51
  • Consolation After Electoral Losses - 34:55


Key Links


"The Politics of Enemies" by Michael Ignatieff in the Journal of Democracy


On Consolation: Finding Solace in Dark Times by Michael Ignatieff


Learn more about Michael Ignatieff


Democracy Paradox Podcast


Jason Brownlee Believes We Underestimate Democratic Resilience


Jeremi Suri on America’s Unfinished Fight for Democracy


More Episodes from the Podcast


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Democracy Group


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22 Nov 2022Mohammed Ali Kadivar on Paths to Durable Democracy and Thoughts on the Protests in Iran01:00:12

It's been exciting and it's been overwhelming. It's exciting to see people are rising, to see the amount of bravery on the streets, how these young women and men will stand up against the armored police with bare hands. It's been inspiring.

Mohammad Ali Kadivar

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Mohammad Ali Kadivar is an assistant professor of sociology and international studies at Boston College. He is the author of the book Popular Politics and the Path to Durable Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • Democratization Examples: Egypt and South Africa - 3:20
  • Democratization and Durable Democracy - 11:12
  • Nonviolence and Democratization - 23:33
  • Part 2: The Iranian Protests - 38:49


Key Links

Popular Politics and the Path to Durable Democracy by Mohammed Ali Kadivar


"Sticks, Stones, and Molotov Cocktails: Unarmed Collective Violence and Democratization " by Mohammed Ali Kadivar and Neil Ketchley in Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World


Learn more about Mohammed Ali Kadivar


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Michael Coppedge on Why Democracies Emerge, Why They Decline, and Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)


Mark Beissinger on Urban Civic Revolutions


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29 Nov 2022Naunihal Singh on the Myth of the Coup Contagion00:41:33

Sometimes I found people who I was talking to and their coup happened after an elected leader became less democratic. They could very convincingly tell me that their coup was in response to those actions. Then I'd find out that they started plotting the coup years in advance or entertaining it when the situation was very different.

Naunihal Singh

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Naunihal Singh is associate professor in the Department of National Security Affairs at the U.S. Naval War College and the author of Seizing Power: The Strategic Logic of Military Coups (2014). He recently wrote the article "The Myth of the Coup Contagion" in the Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:43
  • Brief History of Coups - 3:11
  • Anti-Coup Norm - 10:33
  • Conditions for a Coup - 18:33
  • Reinforcing the Anti-Coup Norm - 35:53


The views expressed in this podcast are those of the speakers and do not reflect the official position of the U.S. Navy, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government.


Key Links

"The Myth of the Coup Contagion" by Naunihal Singh in the Journal of Democracy

Seizing Power: The Strategic Logic of Military Coups by Naunihal Singh

Learn more about Naunihal Singh

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way on the Durable Authoritarianism of Revolutionary Regimes

Michael Miller on the Unexpected Paths to Democratization

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100 Books on Democracy

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06 Dec 2022Richard Wike Asked Citizens in 19 Countries Whether Social Media is Good for Democracy00:40:21

When people think about social media, they think about the upsides of it. It speaks to what they want in democracy that they're not getting. They feel disconnected, voiceless, and not empowered. So, if there's ways that social media can play a role in empowering people and giving them a voice and holding accountable leaders that they don't think listen to them, those are upsides and that's some of the reasons why you get more positive evaluations of social media than we might think.

Richard Wike

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Richard Wike is director of global attitudes research at Pew Research Center. He conducts research and writes about international public opinion on a variety of topics, such as America’s global image, the rise of China, democracy, and globalization. His latest report (coauthored with Laura Silver, Janell Fetterolf, Christine Huang, Sarah Austin, Laura Clancy and Sneha Gubbala) is   "Social Media Seen as Mostly Good for Democracy Across Many Nations, But U.S. is a Major Outlier."

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:47
  • Role of Survey Research - 2:47
  • Views on Social Media and Democracy - 5:27
  • Differences by Age - 16:35
  • Social Media Engagement - 24:23

 
Key Links

"Social Media Seen as Mostly Good for Democracy Across Many Nations, But U.S. is a Major Outlier" by Richard Wike, Laura Silver, Janell Fetterolf, Christine Huang, Sarah Austin, Laura Clancy and Sneha Gubbala

"Liberal Democracy’s Crisis of Confidence" by Richard Wike and Janell Fetterolf in the Journal of Democracy

Learn more about Richard Wike at the Pew Research Center

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Allie Funk of Freedom House Assesses Global Internet Freedom

Ronald Deibert from Citizen Lab on Cyber Surveillance, Digital Subversion, and Transnational Repression

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Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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13 Dec 2022Elizabeth Economy in a Wide Ranging Conversation About China00:42:25

But if you think that China can change and that Xi Jinping is not inevitable and Xi Jinping two and three and four and five are not inevitable, then I think that leads you to a slightly different set of policy recommendations. A set that's probably more open to discussion to ensuring that we continue to quote ‘Engage with China.’

Elizabeth C. Economy

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Elizabeth C. Economy is serving as the Senior Advisor for China to the Secretary of Commerce. She is on leave from her role as a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. Previously she served as the Asia Director at the Council for Foreign Relations. Her past books include The Third Revolution: Xi Jinping and the New Chinese State and more recently The World According to China. The views expressed in this podcast are her own and do not reflect the official position of the US Government or the Commerce Department.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:43
  • China's Foreign Policy Priorities - 2:57
  • BRI & Chinese Investments - 11:21
  • Indo-Pacific Economic Framework - 22:25
  • Future Issues and Concerns - 28:23


Key Links

The World According to China by Elizabeth C. Economy

"Dissent is Not Dead" by Elizabeth C. Economy in the Journal of Democracy

Learn more about Elizabeth C. Economy at the Hoover Institute


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Sarah Cook on China’s Expanding Global Media Influence

Aynne Kokas on the Intersection Between Surveillance Capitalism and Chinese Sharp Power (or How Much Does the CCP Already Know About You?)

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20 Dec 2022Olga Onuch and Henry Hale Describe the Zelensky Effect00:43:43

I just want to say that I don't think Zelensky has changed Ukraine. He amplified it. He mirrored what was already there in his time as an actor and comedian. He tried to show the realities and positions of ordinary Ukrainians as they saw them themselves and he then amplifies that and emphasizes that as a Ukrainian.

Olga Onuch

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Olga Onuch is a Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of Manchester. Henry E. Hale is a Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at George Washington University. They are the authors of a new book called The Zelensky Effect.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:44
  • The Maidan and the Independence Generation - 2:59
  • Zelensky's Origins - 9:19
  • The Zelensky Effect - 23:05
  • The Future of Ukraine - 33:11


Key Links

The Zelensky Effect by Olga Onuch and Henry E. Hale

"Why Ukrainians Are Rallying Around Democracy" by Olga Onuch in the Journal of Democracy

Learn more about Olga Onuch


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jessica Pisano on How Zelenskyy Changed Ukraine

Lucan Way on Ukraine. Democracy in Hard Places.

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27 Dec 2022Lynette Ong Describes How China Outsources Repression00:36:28

The state is able to take advantage of the social capital by deploying social actors and in exercising social capital, through the process of persuasion. They'll be putting on pressure on these families, but the pressures being put on them are social pressures. People would often cave into this social pressure. So, there is compliance, but it doesn't feel like state repression.

Lynette Ong

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Lynette Ong is a professor of political science at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto. She is the author of the recent book Outsourcing Repression: Everyday State Power in Contemporary China.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:48
  • Thugs for Hire - 2:47
  • Political, Economic, and Social Brokers - 12:52
  • Zero-Covid Protests - 20:34
  • Outsourcing Repression After the Protests - 32:17


Key Links

Outsourcing Repression: Everyday State Power in Contemporary China by Lynette Ong

"China’s Massive Protests Are the End of a Once-Trusted Governance Model" by Lynette Ong in the Foreign Policy

Learn more about Lynette Ong


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jessica Pisano on How Zelenskyy Changed Ukraine

Lucan Way on Ukraine. Democracy in Hard Places.

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03 Jan 2023Olivier Zunz on Alexis de Tocqueville00:33:25

Tocqueville’s Democracy in America is only partly a book on America. It's also a book of comparative thinking and it's a book of theoretical invention. So, Democracy in America is a theory of democracy. Part of it is about America and part of it is Tocqueville’s theoretical genius pushing through.

Olivier Zunz

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Olivier Zunz is the James Madison Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Virginia. He is among the foremost scholars of Alexis de Tocqueville and the author of The Man who Knew Democracy: The Life of Alexis de Tocqueville.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:44
  • Democracy in America - 2:21
  • Tocqueville as Political Theorist - 15:56
  • Tocqueville the Politician - 22:14
  • Tocqueville's Legacy - 27:17


Key Links

The Man who Knew Democracy: The Life of Alexis de Tocqueville by Olivier Zunz


"Cancel Tocqueville?" by Tarek Masoud in the Journal of Democracy


Learn more about Olivier Zunz


Democracy Paradox Podcast


Michael Ignatieff Warns Against the Politics of Enemies


Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home


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10 Jan 2023Robert Kagan Looks to American History to Explain Foreign Policy Today00:48:42

We think that because we’re children of the Enlightenment, the way the world is moving is gradually toward liberalism. I think the natural course of the world is away from liberalism and it has only been American power that has sustained this aberration in world history.

Robert Kagan

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Robert Kagan is a senior fellow at the Brookings Institute, a columnist at The Washington Post, and among the most influential writers on foreign policy today. His latest book is Ghost at the Feast: America and the Collapse of World Order, 1900-1941.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:37
  • American and WWI - 2:37
  • Isolationism and Retrenchment - 16:40
  • Troops in the Rhineland - 31:36
  • Parallels to Today - 42:32


Key Links


The Ghost at the Feast: America and the Collapse of World Order, 1900-1941 by Robert Kagan


"A Free World, If You Can Keep It" by Robert Kagan in Foreign Affairs


"The Weight of Geopolitics" by Robert Kagan in the Journal of Democracy


Democracy Paradox Podcast


Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home


Charles Kupchan on America’s Tradition of Isolationism


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17 Jan 2023Michael Walzer on Liberal as an Adjective00:26:50

It doesn't have a fixed character. It's a mindset that has to do with a respect for human rights and civil liberties, toleration of different religions, and an ability to live with ambiguity. So, I like the idea of liberal as a qualifier on other and more specific and coherent commitments.

Michael Walzer

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Michael Walzer is an emeritus professor at the Institute for Advanced Study. He was also a longtime editor of Dissent. He is the author of many books including the classic of political philosophy Spheres of Justice. His most recent book is called The Struggle for a Decent Politics: On “Liberal” as an Adjective.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:45
  • What is Liberalism? 3:53
  • Liberal Democracy - 11:47
  • Liberal Nationalism - 17:35
  • How Does Liberalism Change? 22:14

Key Links

The Struggle for a Decent Politics: On "Liberal" as an Adjective by Michael Walzer

Spheres Of Justice: A Defense Of Pluralism And Equality by Michael Walzer

Institute for Advanced Study


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Olivier Zunz on Alexis de Tocqueville

Michael Ignatieff Warns Against the Politics of Enemies

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24 Jan 2023Patrick Deneen Offers a Powerful Critique of Liberalism00:44:50

By my reading of political philosophy every regime in a sense ultimately comes to an end because its contradictions ultimately undermine whatever virtues it might have had. I don't have a crystal ball, but I think it's a very real possibility that we're in a hinge of history where the next thing is in the offing and my hope is that that next thing is going to be a better and more humane way of organizing our society because the prospects of a worse and less humane way is also ever real and ever worrying.

Patrick Deneen

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Patrick Deneen is a Professor of Political Science at Notre Dame University. He is the author of Why Liberalism Failedand the forthcoming Regime Change: Toward a Postliberal Future.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:51
  • Deneen's Critique of Liberalism - 2:57
  • Human Rights - 14:06
  • Democracy - 25:18
  • Why Not Reform or Repair - 37:38


Key Links

Why Liberalism Failed by Patrick Deneen


Regime Change: Toward a Postliberal Future by Patrick Deneen


Postliberal Order Substack


Democracy Paradox Podcast


Michael Walzer on Liberal as an Adjective


Olivier Zunz on Alexis de Tocqueville


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100 Books on Democracy


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31 Jan 2023Francis Fukuyama Responds to Liberalism's Discontents00:42:48

I think that there is a core set of shared values that liberals have to embrace. You know, if they don't believe in a rule of law, they don't believe in the fundamental legitimacy of their constitutional order, that's a big problem. But as I said, probably the strongest argument in favor of liberalism is this pragmatic one. That this is something that allows pluralistic diverse societies to live in peace with one another.

Francis Fukuyama

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Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:47
  • Interpretation of Liberalism - 3:04
  • Liberalism and Democracy - 17:15
  • Conservative Critique - 26:22
  • Threats to Liberalism - 39:16


Key Links

Liberalism and its Discontents by Francis Fukuyama

The End of History and the Last Man by Francis Fukuyama

Learn more about Francis Fukuyama

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Michael Walzer on Liberal as an Adjective

Patrick Deneen Offers a Powerful Critique of Liberalism

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Democracy Group

Apes of the State created all Music

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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07 Feb 2023Anna Grzymala-Busse on the Sacred Foundations of Modern Politics00:48:10

While war creates the need for a state, it obliterates the capacity to deliver one. We're seeing that in Ukraine right now. That if you want to develop a state, you need peace, not war. War may create the need for a state, but peace is what allows you to build one. I think that that might be a lesson worth emphasizing, especially these days.

Anna Grzymala-Busse

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Anna Grzymała-Busse is the Michelle and Kevin Douglas Professor of International Studies at Stanford University. She is also the Director of the Europe Center and a Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute. Her latest book is Sacred Foundations: The Religious and Medieval Roots of the European State.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • Medieval Governance - 2:42
  • Papal Strategies - 16:43
  • Law, Taxation, and Representation - 25:07
  • Ongoing Influences - 40:25


Key Links

Sacred Foundations: The Religious and Medieval Roots of the European State by Anna Grzymala-Busse

Follow Anna Grzymala-Busse on Twitter @AnnaGBusse

Learn more about Anna Grzymala-Busse

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Olivier Zunz on Alexis de Tocqueville

David Stasavage on Early Democracy and its Decline

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100 Books on Democracy

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14 Feb 2023Martin Wolf on the Crisis of Democratic Capitalism00:50:14

I think democracy and capitalism are individually in crisis in that they're not working very well and that the combination of the two in one political and economic system, which we have come to think of as the Western Way, is in crisis not only because the two component parts are in crisis, but because they're in crisis interactively.

Martin Wolf

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Martin Wolf is the chief economics commentator at the Financial Times. He has written many books, but his most recent is The Crisis of Democratic Capitalism.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:51
  • The Link Between Democracy and Capitalism  - 3:10
  • Does Capitalism Reinforce Democracy? 16:50
  • Status Anxiety - 26:13
  • Populism- 38:55


Key Links

The Crisis of Democratic Capitalism by Martin Wolf

Read Martin Wolf's writings at the Financial Times

Follow Martin Wolf on Twitter @martinwolf_


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Francis Fukuyama Responds to Liberalism’s Discontents

Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home

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Democracy Group

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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21 Feb 2023Jennifer Piscopo on the Constitutional Chaos in Chile00:55:00

I think voters right now, remember the circus of the convention over the substance of what it did. I think there is a bit of an amnesia over the mandate for change that existed in 2019 and 2020 that the Constitution delivered on, that voters had moved away from that mandate to change by the time the Constitution went for approval.

Jennifer Piscopo

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Jennifer Piscopo is an associate professor of politics at Occidental College. Recently, she coauthored a paper with Peter Siavelis in the Journal of Democracy called “Chile’s Constitutional Chaos.”

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:42
  • Demands for a New Constitution - 3:04
  • The Constitution Making Process - 17:18
  • Substance of the Constitution - 33:29
  • Why Voters Rejected it - 36:53


Key Links

"Chile's Constitutional Chaos" in Journal of Democracy by Peter M. Siavelis and Jennifer Piscopo

Learn more about Jennifer Piscopo here

Follow Jennifer Piscopo on Twitter @jennpiscopo

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Aldo Madariaga on Neoliberalism, Democratic Deficits, and Chile

Donald Horowitz on the Formation of Democratic Constitutions

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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28 Feb 2023Wendy Hunter on Lula, Bolsonaro, January 8th and Democracy in Brazil00:46:46

I do want to underscore this should not be read as a victory of the left. It's a victory of Lula and a narrow victory. And it's Lula the person. It's not so much Lula from the PT as the party that won.

Wendy Hunter

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Wendy Hunter is a Professor of Government at the University of Texas Austin. Recently, she cowrote an article with Timothy Power in the Journal of Democracy called “Lula’s Second Act.”

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:36
  • Lula - 2:16
  • The 2022 Presidential Election - 13:01
  • Bolsonaro - 20:45
  • January 8th - 27:18


Key Links

"Lula's Second Act" in the Journal of Democracy by Wendy Hunter and Timothy J. Power

"Bolsonaro and Brazil’s Illiberal Backlash" in the Journal of Democracy by Wendy Hunter and Timothy J. Power

"The Normalization of an Anomaly: The Workers' Party in Brazil" in World Politics by Wendy Hunter


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jennifer Piscopo on the Constitutional Chaos in Chile

Amy Erica Smith on Politics and Religion in Brazil

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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07 Mar 2023Srdja Popovic on Dilemma Actions00:52:13

It is one Putin when you see him on a calendar. It's yet another Putin when he needs to arrest a snowman.

Srdja Popovic

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Srdja Popovic is the co-founder of CANVAS, and was a founding member of the Otpor! (“Resistance!”) a movement that had a crucial part in bringing down the Milosevic regime in Serbia. He recently coauthored an article in the Journal of Democracy with Sophia McClennen and Joe Wright called, “How to Sharpen a Nonviolent Movement.”

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:27
  • What are Dilemma Actions? 2:24
  • Different Types of Dilemma Actions - 18:53
  • Effectiveness - 33:01
  • Strategies and Tactics - 38:37

Key Links

"How to Sharpen a Nonviolent Movement" in the Journal of Democracy by Sophia McClennen, Srdja Popovic, and Joseph Wright

Blueprint for Revolution: How to Use Rice Pudding, Lego Men, and Other Nonviolent Techniques to Galvanize Communities, Overthrow Dictators, or Simply Change the World  by Srdja Popovic with Matthew Miller

Learn more about CANVAS

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Mohammed Ali Kadivar on Paths to Durable Democracy and Thoughts on the Protests in Iran

Erica Chenoweth on Civil Resistance

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Democracy Group

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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14 Mar 2023Staffan Lindberg with a Report on Democracy in the World00:43:49

Democracy dies with the lies. Even that simplest form of democracy, which is that we vote on a politician or we don't and we vote on another politician depends on the truth. Because if you can lie about what you did in office or lie about what you didn't do, that sort of vertical accountability breaks down. It becomes meaningless.

Staffan Lindberg

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Staffan Lindberg is the Director of the V-Dem Institute, one of the five principal investigators of the Varieties of Democracy Project, and a Professor of Political Science at the University of Gothenburg. He is also a coeditor of the book Why Democracies Develop and Decline along with Michael Coppedge, Amanda B. Edgell, and Carl Henrik Knutsen.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:46
  • Bright Spots for Democracy - 3:24
  • Autocratization and Democratic Backsliding - 13:20
  • Causes of Democratic Recession - 22:25
  • Criticisms of the Report - 34:56


Key Links

Why Democracies Develop and Decline edited by Michael Coppedge, Amanda B. Edgell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, and Staffan Lindberg

Learn more about V-DEM

"A Third Wave of Autocratization is Here: What is New About it?" in Democratization by Anna Lührmann and Staffan Lindberg

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Michael Coppedge on Why Democracies Emerge, Why They Decline, and Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem)

Sarah Repucci from Freedom House with an Update on Freedom in the World

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Democracy Group

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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21 Mar 2023Josh Chin on China's Surveillance State00:41:52

It's hard to believe what was happening in Xinjiang and most Chinese people didn't believe, but now they do. A lot of them do.

Josh Chin

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Josh Chin is the Deputy Bureau Chief for China at the Wall Street Journal and the coauthor with Liza Lin of the book Surveillance State: Inside China's Quest to Launch a New Era of Social Control.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • Describing Xinjiang - 2:38
  • Social Engineering - 11:21
  • Privacy in China - 19:08
  • AI in China - 28:23


Key Links

Surveillance State: Inside China's Quest to Launch a New Era of Social Control by Josh Chin and Liza Lin

Read more from Josh Chin in the Wall Street Journal

"The Mandarin in the Machine" A review of Surveillance State in Journal of Democracy by Will Dobson

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Elizabeth Economy in a Wide Ranging Conversation About China

Aynne Kokas on the Intersection Between Surveillance Capitalism and Chinese Sharp Power (or How Much Does the CCP Already Know About You?)

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100 Books on Democracy

Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

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28 Mar 2023Samuel Woolley on Bots, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Propaganda00:43:21

One of the things that we see happening online is sort of a democratization of propaganda.

Samuel Woolley

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Samuel Woolley is an assistant professor in the School of Journalism at the University of Texas at Austin and the project director for propaganda research at the Center for Media Engagement. His most recent book is Manufacturing Consensus: Understanding Propaganda in the Era of Automation and Anonymity.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:43
  • Background on Technology (including Bots) - 3:00
  • Artificial Intelligence - 10:17
  • Democratization of Propaganda - 20:44
  • The Legitimation of Ideas - 30:48


Key Links

Manufacturing Consensus: Understanding Propaganda in the Era of Automation and Anonymity by Samuel Woolley

"Digital Propaganda: The Power of Influencers" in the Journal of Democracy by Samuel Woolley

Center for Media Engagement

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Richard Wike Asked Citizens in 19 Countries Whether Social Media is Good for Democracy

Ronald Deibert from Citizen Lab on Cyber Surveillance, Digital Subversion, and Transnational Repression

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100 Books on Democracy

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04 Apr 2023Larry Bartels Says Democracy Erodes from the Top00:53:58

Democracy is a much more complicated thing than we often give it credit for and certainly speaking dichotomously about democracy being in crisis or not is an oversimplification.

Larry Bartels

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Larry Bartels is the May Werthan Shayne Chair of Public Policy and Social Science at Vanderbilt University and a Co-Director for the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions. His new book is called Democracy Erodes from the Top: Leaders, Citizens, and the Challenge of Populism in Europe.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:34
  • A Crisis of Democracy? 3:02
  • Populism 23:20
  • Political Restraint - 37:49
  • What is Democracy? 44:51


Key Links

Democracy Erodes from the Top: Leaders, Citizens, and the Challenge of Populism in Europe by Larry Bartels

Democracy for Realists: Why Elections Do Not Produce Responsive Government by Christopher Achen and Larry Bartels

Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions


Democracy Paradox Podcast

Martin Wolf on the Crisis of Democratic Capitalism

Jason Brownlee Believes We Underestimate Democratic Resilience

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11 Apr 2023Steven Simon on American Foreign Policy in the Middle East including Iran and the Wars in Iraq00:44:44

The Iraqis suffered so heavily and not just because of the 2003 war. The first war in 1991 inflicted terrible damage on Iraq and then the next 10 years of sanctions immiserated the populace and inflicted an especially punishing blow on Iraqi women and children.

Steven Simon

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Steven served on the National Security Council staff from 1994 to 1999 and again fro 2011 to 2012. Earlier he served in the State Department for fifteen years. He is currently a Robert E. Wilhelm Fellow at the MIT Center for International Studies and his most recent book is Grand Delusion: The Rise and Fall of American Ambition in the Middle East.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:43
  • Iran - 4:41
  • JCPOA - 22:58
  • The Iraq Wars - 27:19
  • Saudi Arabia - 32:57


Key Links

Grand Delusion: The Rise and Fall of American Ambition in the Middle East by Steven Simon

Learn more about Steven Simon

"America's Great Satan" By Daniel Benjamin and Steven Simon in Foreign Affairs

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Robert Kagan Looks to American History to Explain Foreign Policy Today

Zoltan Barany on the Ineffectiveness of the Gulf Militaries

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100 Books on Democracy

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18 Apr 2023James Goldgeier on NATO, its Enlargement, and its Future00:49:56

Who would be a better ally than Ukrainians? These are people who are fighting so bravely and have shown so much resilience. That's what we should want in an ally.

James Goldgeier

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

James Goldgeier is a a Professor of International Relations at American University. He is also a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University's Center on International Security and Cooperation and a Visiting Fellow at the Center on the United States and Europe at the Brookings Institution. Recently, he is the coeditor with Joshua Itzkowitz Shifrinson of a new book called Evaluating NATO Enlargement: From Cold War Victory to the Russia-Ukraine War.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:35
  • Purpose of NATO - 2:37
  • NATO Expansion - 16:00
  • NATO and Democratization - 22:41
  • Future of NATO - 32:42

Key Links

Evaluating NATO Enlargement: From Cold War Victory to the Russia-Ukraine War edited by James Goldgeier and Joshua R. Itzkowitz Shifrinson

Power and Purpose: U.S. Policy toward Russia After the Cold War by James Goldgeier and Michael McFaul

Learn more about James Goldgeier

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Robert Kagan Looks to American History to Explain Foreign Policy Today

Michael McFaul and Robert Person on Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine

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100 Books on Democracy

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25 Apr 2023Jamie Susskind Explains How to Use Republican Ideals to Govern Technology00:49:26

The problem in both cases is not Zuckerberg or Musk, but the idea of a Zuckerberg or Musk. The idea that, simply by virtue of owning and controlling a particular technology, someone wields arbitrary or unaccountable power which can touch every aspect of our liberty and our democracy.

Jamie Susskind

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Jamie Susskind is an author and barrister. He has held fellowships at Cambridge and Harvard Universities. His work is at the crossroads of technology, politics, and law. His most recent book is The Digital Republic: On Freedom and Democracy in the 21st Century.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:44
  • Challenges of Digital Technology - 3:18
  • Artificial Intelligence - 20:09
  • A Digital Republic - 40:27
  • Possible Solutions - 43:42

Key Links

The Digital Republic: On Freedom and Democracy in the 21st Century by Jamie Susskind

Follow Jamie Susskind on Twitter @jamiesusskind

Learn more about Jamie Susskind

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Samuel Woolley on Bots, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Propaganda

Ronald Deibert from Citizen Lab on Cyber Surveillance, Digital Subversion, and Transnational Repression

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Democracy Paradox is part of the Amazon Affiliates Program and earns commissions on items purchased from links to the Amazon website. All links are to recommended books discussed in the podcast or referenced in the blog.

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02 May 2023Marsin Alshamary on Iraq’s Struggle for Democracy00:51:41

The thing that really astonishes me is that there's never any agency given to Iraqis, both during the war and the occupation, but also 20 years later. It always goes back to what the Americans did. There's a defeatism about Iraq's ability to do anything on its own and I think that's at the heart of why people can't see anything democratic in the country.

Marsin Alshamary

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Marsin Alshamary is a research fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School’s Middle East Initiative and nonresident fellow at the Brookings Institution’s Center for Middle East Policy. She is the author of the paper "Iraq’s Struggle for Democracy" in the Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:41
  • Is Iraq a Democracy - 3:37
  • Iraqi Social Cleavages - 9:20
  • Iraqi Consociationalism - 26:33
  • Challenges to Democracy in Iraq - 36:55

Key Links

"Iraq’s Struggle for Democracy" in the Journal Democracy by Marsin Alshamary

Follow Marsin Alshamary on Twitter @MarsinRA

Learn more about Marsin Alshamary

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Steven Simon on American Foreign Policy in the Middle East including Iran and the Wars in Iraq

Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home

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09 May 2023Anne Applebaum on Autocracy, Inc00:40:14

We are at a moment of very, very high risk and I'm not sure that people really know that or understand it, or if they do, if they care.

Anne Applebaum

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Anne Applebaum is a staff writer at The Atlantic and a Pulitzer-prize winning historian. Some of her books include Gulag: A History, Red Famine: Stalin’s War on Ukraine, and most recently Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism. She recently gave the Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture titled "Autocracy, Inc."

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:42
  • What is Autocracy, Inc - 3:47
  • Democratic Response - 13:40
  • Appeal of Authoritarianism - 26:51
  • Thoughts on Poland - 32:26

Key Links

Watch Anne Applebaum's Lecture "Autocracy, Inc"

"The Autocrats are Winning" in The Atlantic by Anne Applebaum

Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism by Anne Applebaum

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Francis Fukuyama Responds to Liberalism’s Discontents

Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home

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16 May 2023Serhii Plokhy on the Russo-Ukrainian War00:44:35

The fact that Ukraine can be a democracy.... presents a threat to the authoritarian regimes in Moscow and Minsk of the sort that NATO would never actually present.

Serhii Plokhy

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Serhii Plokhy is a Professor of Ukrainian history at Harvard University and the Director of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. He’s written many books including The Gates of Europe, Nuclear Folly, and Atoms to Ashes. His most recent book is The Russo-Ukrainian War: The Return of History.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:37
  • Ukrainian Political Identity - 2:39
  • Background on the War - 18:31
  • Causes of the War - 26:22
  • Nuclear Power in a War - 36:06

Key Links

The Russo-Ukrainian War: The Return of History by Serhii Plokhy

Atoms and Ashes: A Global History of Nuclear Disasters by Serhii Plokhy

Learn more about the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Olga Onuch and Henry Hale Describe the Zelensky Effect

Michael McFaul and Robert Person on Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine

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23 May 2023Daron Acemoglu on Technology and the Struggle for Shared Prosperity00:50:00

If you have this model of AI, which is geniuses design machines and those machines or algorithms are going to scoop up all the data and they're going to make better decisions for you. That's fundamentally anti-democratic.

Daron Acemoglu

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Daron Acemoglu is the Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics at MIT. He is coauthor (with James A. Robinson) of The Narrow Corridor, Why Nations Fail, and The Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. His latest book (with Simon Johnson) is Power and Progress: Our Thousand-Year Struggle over Technology and Prosperity.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:33
  • Technology and Progress - 2:06
  • Productivity - 14:01
  • Artificial Intelligence - 24:42
  • Shared Prosperity - 34:31

Key Links

Power and Progress: Our Thousand-Year Struggle over Technology and Prosperity by Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson

Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty by Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson

Learn more about Daron Acemoglu

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jamie Susskind Explains How to Use Republican Ideals to Govern Technology

Samuel Woolley on Bots, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Propaganda

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30 May 2023Cole Bunzel on Wahhābism00:47:41

The Jihadis today root themselves theologically and ideologically in a particular movement that is exclusivist, that is militant, that is activist, and that is the movement known as Wahhābism.

Cole Bunzel

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Cole Bunzel is a fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and the editor of the blog Jihadica. He is the author of the book Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:33
  • Relevance and Overview - 2:43
  • Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab - 14:15
  • Appeal to Adherents - 26:14
  • Legacy - 36:16

Key Links

Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement by Cole Bunzel

Read the Jihadica Blog

Learn more about Cole Bunzel

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Marsin Alshamary on Iraq’s Struggle for Democracy

Steven Simon on American Foreign Policy in the Middle East including Iran and the Wars in Iraq

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06 Jun 2023Isabel Kershner on Israel and its Divisions00:52:06

It's very hard to understand what's happening today without looking at the roots of all these divisions and at the interests of the different communities and their long-held resentments against the establishment of the country.

Isabel Kershner

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Isabel Kershner is a reporter at The New York Times and the author of a new book called The Land of Hope and Fear: Israel's Battle for Its Inner Soul.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:37
  • Mizrahi and Askenazi - 5:31
  • Immigration - 18:08
  • Ultra-Orthodox - 28:12
  • Netanyahu's Judiciary Proposal - 39:27

Key Links

The Land of Hope and Fear: Israel's Battle for Its Inner Soul by Isabel Kershner

Read more from Isabel Kershner at The New York Times

Follow Isabel Kershner on Twitter @IKershner

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Steven Simon on American Foreign Policy in the Middle East including Iran and the Wars in Iraq

Yascha Mounk on the Great Experiment of Diverse Democracies

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13 Jun 2023Peter Turchin Wants to Avoid Political Disintegration00:49:00

If you have grown up in a household which had decent quality of life and now you are struggling, you cannot even match the degree of wellbeing that your parents achieved, this is very obvious and makes people feel completely dissatisfied with the system that we have now.

Peter Turchin

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Peter is a complexity scientist who has established a new field of social science research called cliodynamics. He is the author of the book End Times: Elites, Counter-Elites, and the Path of Political Disintegration,

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:45
  • The Crisis - 3:05
  • Elites - 11:54
  • Popular Immiseration - 30:59
  • Cliodynamics - 43:40


Key Links

End Times: Elites, Counter-Elites, and the Path of Political Disintegration by Peter Turchin

Cliodynamics: The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution

Learn more about Peter Turchin

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Martin Wolf on the Crisis of Democratic Capitalism

Francis Fukuyama Responds to Liberalism’s Discontents

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20 Jun 2023Dan Slater on Thailand's Revolutionary Election00:51:42

Democracy is Eastern as well as Western.

Dan Slater

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Dan Slater is the James Orin Murfin Professor of Political Science, the Ronald and Eileen Weiser Professor of Emerging Democracies, and director of the Weiser Center for Emerging Democracies at the University of Michigan. His most recent book (coauthored with Joseph Wong) is From Development to Democracy: The Transformations of Modern Asia. More recently he wrote the article "Thailand's Revolutionary Election" at the Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:41
  • An Inspiring Election - 2:38
  • Parties and Politics - 5:09
  • Forming a Government - 21:09
  • Risks and Hope - 35:53

Key Links

"Thailand's Revolutionary Election" by Dan Slater at Journal of Democracy

From Development to Democracy: The Transformations of Modern Asia by Dan Slater and Joseph Wong

"What Indonesian Democracy Can Teach the World" by Dan Slater in the Journal of Democracy

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Dan Slater on Indonesia

Roger Lee Huang on Myanmar

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27 Jun 2023Sebastian Edwards on the History of Neoliberalism in Chile00:49:24

I think that the most important reform is openness. Once the country is open, really open to the rest of the world, the rest follows.

Sebastian Edwards

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Sebastian Edwards is the Henry Ford II Professor of International Economics at the University of California, Los Angeles. He was the former Chief Economist for Latin America at the World Bank where from 1993 until 1996. His most recent book is The Chile Project: The Story of the Chicago Boys and the Downfall of Neoliberalism.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:46
  • Pinochet and the Origin of the Chicago Boys - 3:17
  • Neoliberalism Under Democracy - 22:35
  • Personal Background of Sebastian Edwards - 30:18
  • Future of Chile - 38:35

Key Links

The Chile Project: The Story of the Chicago Boys and the Downfall of Neoliberalism by Sebastian Edwards

Learn More About Sebastian Edwards

Watch the film Chicago Boys by Carola Fuentes and Rafael Valdeavellano

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Jennifer Piscopo on the Constitutional Chaos in Chile

Aldo Madariaga on Neoliberalism, Democratic Deficits, and Chile

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04 Jul 2023Natasha Wheatley Raises Some Really Difficult Questions About Sovereignty00:51:57

My book is in some ways trying to help us see not only the kind of deep intermingling of pre-modern and modern ideas of sovereignty, but how we repeat some of those more fantastical attributes of sovereignty that we might otherwise presume to be long gone remnants of a more superstitious or religious age.

Natasha Wheatley

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Natasha Wheatley is an assistant professor of history at Princeton University. She is the author of The Life and Death of States: Central Europe and the Transformation of Modern Sovereignty.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:40
  • The State as Modern and Pre-Modern - 2:52
  • The Habsbug Empire - 9:21
  • Collapse of an Empire - 24:09
  • The State and International Law - 40:55

Key Links

The Life and Death of States: Central Europe and the Transformation of Modern Sovereignty by Natasha Wheatley

Learn More About Natasha Wheatley

Follow Natasha Wheatley on Twitter @natasha_wheatl

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Anna Grzymala-Busse on the Sacred Foundations of Modern Politics

Tom Ginsburg Shares his Thoughts on Democracy and International Law

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11 Jul 2023Hal Brands Thinks China is a Declining Power... Here's Why that's a Problem00:54:54

The most dangerous states in the international system aren't necessarily revisionist powers that think that their trajectory points continually upward. It's those countries that have been growing, rising for a long time, and then fear that they are peaking and are about to decline. Those are the countries that are inclined to take the biggest risks to try to improve their position in the the here and now before things get worse for them in the future.

Hal Brands

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Hal Brands is the Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. He is the coauthor (with Michael Beckley) of Danger Zone: The Coming Conflict with China and the author of The Twilight Struggle: What the Cold War Teaches Us About Great-Power Rivalry Today.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:43
  • Peaking Power Theory - 3:12
  • The Original Cold War - 22:28
  • China as a Peaking Power - 31:14
  • American Policy Toward China - 41:56


Key Links

Danger Zone: The Coming Conflict with China by Hal Brands and Michael Beckley

The Twilight Struggle: What the Cold War Teaches Us about Great-Power Rivalry Today by Hal Brands

"China’s Threat to Global Democracy" in Journal of Democracy by Hal Brands and Michael Beckley

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Josh Chin on China’s Surveillance State

Elizabeth Economy in a Wide Ranging Conversation About China

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18 Jul 2023Berk Esen and Sebnem Gumuscu on the Disappointing Elections in Turkey... or How Democratic (or Autocratic) is Turkey Really?00:58:17

Elections are not free or fair, but they matter greatly because this is how Erdoğan comes to power and stays in power and in this case he was almost about to lose that power.

Sebnem Gumuscu

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Berk Esen is an assistant professor of political science at Sabancı University. Sebnem Gumuscu is an associate professor of political science at Middlebury College. Their recent paper in the Journal of Democracy is “How Erdoğan’s Populism Won Again.”

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:33
  • Democracy in Turkey - 3:30
  • The Opposition - 21:36
  • The AKP - 27:40
  • Is Democracy Lost? - 41:01

Key Links

"How Erdoğan’s Populism Won Again" in Journal of Democracy by Berk Esen and Sebnem Gumuscu

Democratic Erosion: A Research, Teaching, & Policy Collaboration

Democracy or Authoritarianism: Islamist Governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Tunisia by Sebnem Gumuscu

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Dan Slater on Thailand’s Revolutionary Election

Anne Applebaum on Autocracy, Inc

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25 Jul 2023Sergei Guriev Revisits Spin Dictators00:52:21

Spin dictators have fewer political prisoners, fewer political killings. This is good. This is really good. On the other hand, we want to tell everybody that they are still dictators.

Sergei Guriev

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Sergei Guriev is a professor of Economics at Sciences Po in Paris. He was a former chief economist at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the former rector of the New Economic School in Moscow. He is the coauthor (along with Daniel Treisman) of Spin Dictators: The Changing Face of Tyranny in the 21st Century.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:46
  • Spin Dictatorships and Fear Dictatorships - 3:12
  • Popular Support - 25:21
  • Putin - 39:44
  • Beyond Spin Dictatorship - 43:49

Key Links

Spin Dictators: The Changing Face of Tyranny in the 21st Century by Sergei Guriev and Daniel Treisman

"Informational Autocrats" in the Journal of Economic Perspectives by Sergei Guriev and Daniel Treisman

Follow Sergei Guriev on Twitter @sguriev

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Anne Applebaum on Autocracy, Inc

Larry Bartels Says Democracy Erodes from the Top

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01 Aug 2023Is McKinsey and Company a Threat to Democracy? Michael Forsythe Shares His Reporting00:54:05

It's too simplistic to call it an evil company. There are certainly a lot of very good people that work there. It's just the system itself and the corporation itself and the system that it's embedded in is what causes the problems.

Michael Forsythe

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Michael Forsythe is a reporter on the investigations team at The New York Times. Until February 2017 he was a correspondent in the Hong Kong office, focusing on the intersection of money and politics in China. He is the author (along with Walt Bogdanich) of When McKinsey Comes to Town: the Hidden Influence of the World's Most Powerful Consulting Firm.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:35
  • Who is McKinsey & Company? - 3:14
  • Is it Anti-Democratic? - 17:55
  • Working with Autocrats - 34:17
  • Can it Change? - 44:33

Key Links

When McKinsey Comes to Town: The Hidden Influence of the World's Most Powerful Consulting Firm by Walt Bogdanich and Michael Forsythe

"How McKinsey Lost Its Way in South Africa" in The New York Times by Walt Bogdanich and Michael Forsythe

Follow Michael Forsythe on Twitter @PekingMike

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Anne Applebaum on Autocracy, Inc

Samuel Woolley on Bots, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Propaganda

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08 Aug 2023Marc Plattner Has Quite a Bit to Say About Democracy00:43:19

I think we have a more complex notion of what democracy is. 

- Marc Plattner

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Marc Plattner is the founding coeditor of the Journal of Democracy and the founding codirector of the National Endowment for Democracy’s International Forum for Democratic Studies. Until 2016, he also served as NED’s vice president for research and studies, and from 1984 to 1989 he was NED’s director of program.  He is the author of Democracy Without Borders? Global Challenges to Liberal Democracy (2008) and of Rousseau’s State of Nature(1979). His essays and reviews on a wide range of international and public policy issues have appeared in numerous books and journals, and he has coedited with Larry Diamond more than two dozen books on contemporary issues relating to democracy in the Journal of Democracy book series.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:48
  • Democratic Consensus - 2:32
  • Liberalism and Democracy - 10:26
  • Democratic Threats - 20:58
  • Governance - 28:51

Key Links

"Why Ukraine Is Critical to Rebuilding Our Democratic Consensus" in the Journal of Democracy by Marc Plattner

"Democracy Embattled" in the Journal of Democracy by Marc Plattner

"Liberalism and Democracy: Can’t Have One Without the Other" in Foreign Affairs by Marc Plattner

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Anne Applebaum on Autocracy, Inc

Larry Diamond on Supporting Democracy in the World and at Home

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15 Aug 2023Cass Sunstein on Interpreting the US Constitution00:50:11

It would be a miracle if the original understanding of the Constitution just landed time and time again with the views in 2023 of the right-wing of the Republican Party. That would be too amazing a coincidence. That's more than troublesome.

Cass Sunstein

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Cass Sunstein is the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard Law School. During Obama’s first term he was the Administrator for the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. He is the author of dozens of books including Nudge(with Richard Thaler) and The World According to Star Wars. His most recent book is How to Interpret the Constitution.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • Thinking about the Constitution - 3:06
  • Different Interpretations - 10:44
  • Textualism - 24:07
  • Amendment or Interpretation - 37:23

Key Links

How to Interpret the Constitution  by Cass Sunstein

The World According to Star Wars  by Cass Sunstein

Follow Cass Sunstein on Twitter @CassSunstein

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Joseph Fishkin on the Constitution, American History, and Economic Inequality

Donald Horowitz on the Formation of Democratic Constitutions

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22 Aug 2023Is India Still a Democracy? Rahul Verma Emphatically Says Yes00:40:28

India should be understood as a test case of democracy outside the Western world.

Rahul Verma

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Rahul Verma is a fellow at the Centre for Policy Research in New Delhi. He is also Visiting Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science, Ashoka University. Recently, he wrote “The Exaggerated Death of Indian Democracy” in the recent Journal of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:44
  • India's Democracy Paradox - 2:24
  • Reconciling Illiberalism - 15:54
  • Sources of Indian Democratic Deficits - 20:02
  • Overstating and Understating Indian Democracy - 30:50

Key Links

"The Exaggerated Death of Indian Democracy" in Journal of Democracy by Rahul Verma

Centre for Policy Research

Follow Rahul Verma on Twitter @rahul_tverma

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Ashutosh Varshney on India. Democracy in Hard Places

Christophe Jaffrelot on Narendra Modi and Hindu Nationalism

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29 Aug 2023Robert Kaplan on the Politics of the Past and Future of the Greater Middle East00:52:26

Great developments by nature are not linear. Things just don't always continue as they have been. That's why this idea that the Arab Spring came, it went, it happened, it didn't work, therefore the Middle East will always remain an autocracy - that's linear thinking. Great events are great precisely because they're not linear.

Robert Kaplan

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Robert reported on foreign policy for The Atlantic for three decades and is currently the Robert Strausz-Hupé Chair in Geopolitics at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. His most recent book is The Loom of Time: Between Empire and Anarchy, from the Mediterranean to China.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:43
  • What is the Greater Middle East? - 3:13
  • Developing Political Institutions - 14:55
  • Turkey and Iran - 26:40
  • Iraq - 38:15

Key Links

The Loom of Time: Between Empire and Anarchy, from the Mediterranean to China by Robert Kaplan

Foreign Policy Research Institute

The Writings of Robert Kaplan at The Atlantic

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Berk Esen and Sebnem Gumuscu on the Disappointing Elections in Turkey… or How Democratic (or Autocratic) is Turkey Really?

Steven Simon on American Foreign Policy in the Middle East including Iran and the Wars in Iraq

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05 Sep 2023Deng Xiaoping is Not Who You Think He is. Joseph Torigian on Leadership Transitions in China and the Soviet Unio00:47:38

People still think of Chinese history as this two-line struggle because that's the story the Chinese tell. But everything from Mao Zedong's relationship to Liu Shaoqi to anything that happened during the 1980s, it was not a problem of competing policy platforms. It was a problem of getting the politics of your relationship with the top leader right when it was hard to guess what they were thinking and they were changing their mind and they were suspicious of you.

Joseph Torigian

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Joseph Torigian is a Research Fellow at the Harvard History Lab. Previously he was an assistant professor at the School of International Service at American University in Washington and a Global Fellow at the Wilson Center. He is the author of Prestige, Manipulation, and Coercion: Elite Power Struggles in the Soviet Union and China after Stalin and Mao.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:48
  • Deng Xiaoping and Hua Guofeng - 2:33
  • Khrushchev Consolidates Power - 16:16
  • Will History Repeat? - 30:11
  • Connections to Contemporary China - 38:31


Key Links

Prestige, Manipulation, and Coercion: Elite Power Struggles in the Soviet Union and China after Stalin and Mao by Joseph Torigian

Harvard History Lab

Learn more about Joseph Torigian

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Hal Brands Thinks China is a Declining Power… Here’s Why that’s a Problem

Anne Applebaum on Autocracy, Inc

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12 Sep 2023Is Reunification Still Possible? Victor Cha and Ramon Pacheco Pardo on Korea00:55:45

North Korea is stable up until the day it's not... The day that it collapses, there'll be a lot of people out there who will say this was inevitable.

Victor Cha

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Victor Cha is a professor of government at Georgetown University and holds the Korea Chair at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C. He is a former director for Asian Affairs at the White House National Security Council. Ramon Pacheco Pardo is a professor of international relations at King’s College London and the KF-VUB Korea Chair at Free University of Brussels. They are the authors of Korea: A New History of South and North.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:45
  • Korea as a People and a Place - 2:25
  • Korean War and its Aftermath - 11:44
  • Democracy - 23:23
  • Is Reconciliation Possible? - 40:55

Key Links

Korea: A New History of South and North by Victor Cha and Ramon Pacheco Pardo

Victor Cha at the Center for Strategic & International Studies

Ramon Pacheco Pardo at King's College London

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Deng Xiaoping is Not Who You Think He is. Joseph Torigian on Leadership Transitions in China and the Soviet Union

Hal Brands Thinks China is a Declining Power… Here’s Why that’s a Problem

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Apes of the State created all Music

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19 Sep 2023Daniel Ziblatt on American Democracy, the Republican Party, and the Tyranny of the Minority00:47:58

I think one of the greatest barriers to reform is thinking that reform is impossible.

Daniel Ziblatt

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Daniel Ziblatt is the Eaton Professor of Government at Harvard University and director of the Transformations of Democracy group at Berlin's Social Science Center. He is the coauthor with Steven Levitsky of How Democracies Dieand a new book The Tyranny of the Minority and the author of Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:38
  • American Democracy - 3:25
  • A Multi-Racial Democracy - 16:36
  • Conservatism and Democracy - 22:34
  • The Republican Party and Authoritarianism - 35:37


Key Links

Tyranny of the Minority: Why American Democracy Reached the Breaking Point by Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt

How Democracies Die by Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt

Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy by Daniel Ziblatt

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman on Democratic Backsliding

Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way on the Durable Authoritarianism of Revolutionary Regimes

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26 Sep 2023Heather Cox Richardson on History, Conservatism, and the Awakening of American Democracy01:02:35

It would be a lovely thing if before I die, I get to see a younger generation reclaim democracy and rebuild it in a new, more expansive way.

Heather Cox Richardson

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Heather Cox Richardson is a Professor of History at Boston College. Her daily newsletter Letters from an American is read by millions. She has a new book out as of today called Democracy Awakening: Notes on the State of America.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:46
  • Patriotism and Conservatism - 3:15
  • The Liberal Consensus - 14:42
  • Awakening Democracy - 39:07
  • Trump - 51:41


Key Links

Democracy Awakening: Notes on the State of America by Heather Cox Richardson

Letters from an American by Heather Cox Richardson

Follow Heather Cox Richardson on Twitter @HC_Richardson

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Daniel Ziblatt on American Democracy, the Republican Party, and the Tyranny of the Minority

Joseph Fishkin on the Constitution, American History, and Economic Inequality

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03 Oct 2023Yascha Mounk Warns Against a Misguided New Ideology00:50:50

I really do think that what we've witnessed over the last decades is the emergence of a new ideology that is meaningfully distinct... I think it really is meaningfully distinct from other forms of what is meant to be left wing in the past from other ideological traditions.

Yascha Mounk

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Yascha Mounk is a Professor of the Practice of International Affairs at Johns Hopkins University. He’s a writer for The Atlantic, founder of the online magazine Persuassion, and host of the podcast The Good Fight. He is the author of The People vs Democracy, The Great Experiment, and The Identity Trap: A Story of Ideas and Power in Our Time.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:51
  • Values and Beliefs - 3:15
  • Higher Education - 13:56
  • Identity - 22:34
  • Differences from Marxism - 37:21


Key Links

The Identity Trap: A Story of Ideas and Power in Our Time by Yascha Mounk

The Great Experiment: How to Make Diverse Democracies Work by Yascha Mounk

The People vs. Democracy: Why Our Freedom Is in Danger and How to Save It by Yascha Mounk

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Yascha Mounk on the Great Experiment of Diverse Democracies

Francis Fukuyama Responds to Liberalism’s Discontents

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10 Oct 2023Branko Milanovic on Different Visions of Inequality00:47:12

Writing a book like that makes you really think brutally about the past. It makes you really think about the current time and also how the future would look at you.

Branko Milanovic

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Branko Milanovic is a Research Professor at the City University of New York and a Senior Scholar at the Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality. He served as the lead economist in the World Bank’s Research Department for almost 20 years. His most recent book is Visions of Inequality: From the French Revolution to the End of the Cold War.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:31
  • Why Economic Inequality - 2:53
  • Ideas Before 1820 - 13:26
  • Marx and Socialism - 19:52
  • Piketty and Modern Thought - 40:17

Key Links

Visions of Inequality: From the French Revolution to the End of the Cold War by Branko Milanovic

globalinequality blog by Branko Milanovic

Follow Branko Milanovic on X @BrankoMilan

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Thomas Piketty on Equality

Jacob Hacker and Paul Pierson on the Plutocratic Populism of the Republican Party

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17 Oct 2023Shadi Hamid on Democracy, Liberalism, and the Middle East00:51:05

Autocracy as we understand it today is a modern creation. I think there we see very few successful examples of modern autocracies that are able to sustain themselves.

Shadi Hamid

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Shadi Hamid is a columnist and member of the Editorial Board at The Washington Post. He is also a research professor of Islamic studies at Fuller Seminary and the co-host of the podcast Wisdom of Crowds. His most recent book is The Problem of Democracy: America, the Middle East, and the Rise and Fall of an Idea.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:32
  • The Problem of Democracy - 2:25
  • Islamism - 5:51
  • Turkey - 22:47
  • Autocratic Rulers - 32:20

Key Links

The Problem of Democracy: America, the Middle East, and the Rise and Fall of an Idea by Shadi Hamid

Follow Shadi Hamid on Twitter @shadihamid

Wisdom of Crowds

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Robert Kaplan on the Politics of the Past and Future of the Greater Middle East

Steven Simon on American Foreign Policy in the Middle East including Iran and the Wars in Iraq

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100 Books on Democracy

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24 Oct 2023Cenk Uygur is Running an Unorthodox Campaign for President00:57:34

You could take that populism and turn it negative, which often happens... But populism could also be a wonderful thing where you're actually appealing to what the voters want instead of what the powerful want.

Cenk Uygur

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Cenk Uygur is a host of the show The Young Turks and the founder, president, and CEO of its parent company TYT. He is a Democratic Party candidate for President of the United States and the author of Justice Is Coming: How Progressives Are Going to Take Over the Country and America Is Going to Love It.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:42
  • Cenk's Presidential Campaign - 2:49
  • Progressive Issues - 26:56
  • Populism - 40:28
  • Polarization - 49:17

Key Links

Justice Is Coming: How Progressives Are Going to Take Over the Country and America Is Going to Love It   by Cenk Uygur

Support Cenk Uygur's campaign at cenkforamerica.com

Check out The Young Turks and other TYT programs at tyt.com

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Heather Cox Richardson on History, Conservatism, and the Awakening of American Democracy

Daniel Ziblatt on American Democracy, the Republican Party, and the Tyranny of the Minority

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31 Oct 2023Patricia Evangelista Says The Philippines is an Example of What Happens When Autocrats and Dictators Rise and We Let Them00:48:55

For people like me or just your ordinary Joes who speak of democracy, I thought it meant freedom. I thought it meant a free press. I thought it meant that people would not die on the streets.

Patricia Evangelista

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Patricia Evangelista is a trauma journalist and former investigative reporter for the Philippine news company Rappler. She has received the Kate Webb Prize for exceptional journalism in dangerous conditions. Recently, she authored the book Some People Need Killing: A Memoir of Murder in My Country.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:46
  • The Philippines and Duterte - 2:37
  • The Drug War - 11:04
  • Vigilantes and Police - 25:26
  • Democracy in the Philippines - 34:11

Key Links

Some People Need Killing: A Memoir of Murder in My Country by Patricia Evangelista

Read the original "Some People Need Killing" published in Rappler.com

Follow Patricia Evangelista on X at @patevangelista

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power

Guillermo Trejo and Sandra Ley on the Political Logic of Criminal Wars in Mexico

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07 Nov 2023Leadership is Not a Formula Says Moshik Temkin00:52:13

Leadership is not a formula. It's not something that happens in a vacuum. It's not just something that you can declare about yourself.

Moshik Temkin

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Moshik Temkin is a Distinguished Visiting Professor of Leadership and History at Schwarzman College, Tsinghua University, and a fellow at Harvard University’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. His most recent book is Warriors, Rebels, and Saints: The Art of Leadership from Machiavelli to Malcolm X.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:45
  • What is Leadership? 3:12
  • Powerless Leadership - 11:58
  • Ethics of Leadership - 24:10
  • Ordinary Leadership - 40:16

Key Links

Warriors, Rebels, and Saints: The Art of Leadership from Machiavelli to Malcolm X by Moshik Temkin

Learn more about Moshik Temkin

Follow Moshik Temkin on X at @moshik_temkin

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Larry Bartels Says Democracy Erodes from the Top

Moisés Naím on the New Dynamics of Political Power

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100 Books on Democracy

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14 Nov 2023Who is Alexey Navalny? David Herszenhorn Paints a Picture01:00:11

It's impossible not to admire somebody who is willing to stand up for their country, for freedom and democracy, for the idea that Russians should be able to chart their own future and have a say in what their government looks like.

David Herszenhorn

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David Herszenhorn is the Russia, Ukraine, and Eastern Europe editor at The Washington Post and was a correspondent for Politico Europe and The New York Times. He is the author The Dissident: Alexey Navalny: Profile of a Political Prisoner.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:44
  • Navalny as a Political Figure - 3:13
  • Navalny and the State - 21:26
  • Navalny and Russian Repression - 34:41
  • Politician or Dissident? 42:45

Key Links

The Dissident: Alexey Navalny: Profile of a Political Prisoner by David Herszenhorn

"Alexey Navalny Never Wanted to Be a Dissident" in Politico by David Herszenhorn

"For Putin foe Alexey Navalny, Ukraine has long been a volatile issue" in The Washington Post by David Herszenhorn

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Olga Onuch and Henry Hale Describe the Zelensky Effect

Michael McFaul and Robert Person on Putin, Russia, and the War in Ukraine

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100 Books on Democracy

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21 Nov 2023Rachel Schwartz on How Guatemala Rose Up Against Democratic Backsliding00:45:55

This was an election that was meant to cement authoritarian rule and it became a democratic breakthrough.

Rachel Schwartz

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Rachel Schwartz is an assistant professor of international and area studies at the University of Oklahoma. Recently, she cowrote an article with Anita Isaacs for the Journal of Democracy called, “How Guatemala Defied the Odds." She also authored a book earlier this year called Undermining the State from Within: The Institutional Legacies of Civil War in Central America.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:33
  • The 2023 Election - 2:46
  • A Weak State - 17:18
  • Democratic Backsliding - 30:53
  • Rejuvenating Democracy - 39:39

Key Links

Undermining the State from Within: The Institutional Legacies of Civil War in Central America by Rachel Schwartz

"How Guatemala Defied the Odds" in Journal of Democracy by Rachel Schwartz

"Guatemala: Resisting Democratic Backsliding in the Least Likely of Places?" by Rachel Schwartz

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Wendy Hunter on Lula, Bolsonaro, January 8th and Democracy in Brazil

Jennifer Piscopo on the Constitutional Chaos in Chile

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28 Nov 2023How Can Democracy Survive in an Age of Discontent? Rachel Navarre and Matthew Rhodes-Purdy on Populism and Political Extremism00:47:28

I think populism is rather a specific form of discontent. Discontent is the umbrella term. It's this vague sense that the way things are being done is not working. That democracy is not effective. That it's not serving my interests.

Matthew Rhodes-Purdy

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Rachel Navarre is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science and Master of Public Administration Program at Bridgewater State University. Matthew Rhodes-Purdy is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at Clemson University. They are the coauthors (along with Stephen Utych) of The Age of Discontent: Populism, Extremism, and Conspiracy Theories in Contemporary Democracies.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:53
  • What is Discontent - 3:21
  • Crisis and Discontent - 13:34
  • Rise of Populism - 25:13
  • An End to Neoliberalism? - 39:20

Key Links

The Age of Discontent: Populism, Extremism, and Conspiracy Theories in Contemporary Democracies by Matthew Rhodes-Purdy, Rachel Navarre, and Stephen Utych

Learn more about Rachel Navarre here.

Learn more about Matthew Rhodes-Purdy here.

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Daniel Ziblatt on American Democracy, the Republican Party, and the Tyranny of the Minority

Marc Plattner Has Quite a Bit to Say About Democracy

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05 Dec 2023Does Democracy Die in Darkness? Katlyn Carter on Transparency and Secrecy in Early Representative Governments00:47:44

If we're thinking about democracy as something broader that is producing equality, justice or these kind of things, often those policies that we might describe as democratic policies can emerge from processes that are undemocratic. I think that's uncomfortable for us to think about.

Katlyn Carter

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Katlyn Carter is an assistant professor of history at Notre Dame University. She is the author of Democracy in Darkness: Secrecy and Transparency in the Age of Revolutions.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:41
  • The Birth of Republics - 3:10
  • Publicity - 19:23
  • Spectacle - 26:43
  • Representation - 35:43

Key Links

Democracy in Darkness: Secrecy and Transparency in the Age of Revolutions by Katlyn Carter

Katlyn Carter on My History Can Beat Up Your Politics

Learn more about Katlyn Carter

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Heather Cox Richardson on History, Conservatism, and the Awakening of American Democracy

Daniel Ziblatt on American Democracy, the Republican Party, and the Tyranny of the Minority

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100 Books on Democracy

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12 Dec 2023Can America Fight Back Against the Authoritarian Economic Statecraft of China? Bethany Allen Believes We Can00:53:24

In the past 26 years, to this day, there has not been one major Hollywood production that has gone against a major Chinese Communist Party red line. Not one. Twenty-six years of silence.

Bethany Allen

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Bethany Allen is the China reporter at Axios and the author of Beijing Rules: How China Weaponized Its Economy to Confront the World.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:48
  • The Authoritarian Economic Statecraft of China - 3:32
  • Trump Administration and China Policy - 22:24
  • Another Cold War -  34:26
  • American Options for Response - 48:16


Key Links

Beijing Rules: How China Weaponized Its Economy to Confront the World by Bethany Allen

"Zoom closed account of U.S.-based Chinese activist 'to comply with local law'" by Bethany Allen

Follow Bethany Allen on X @BethanyAllenEbr

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Hal Brands Thinks China is a Declining Power… Here’s Why that’s a Problem

Josh Chin on China’s Surveillance State

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100 Books on Democracy

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19 Dec 2023Is Islamism Democratic? Sebnem Gumuscu on Islamist Parties in Egypt, Tunisia, and Turkey00:44:24

If these Islamist organizations want to stay in these contexts and keep playing the democratic game, they need to commit to the democratic game in the longer run.

Sebnem Gumuscu

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Sebnem Gumuscu is an associate professor of political science at Middlebury College and the author of Democracy or Authoritarianism: Islamist Governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Tunisia.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:31
  • What is Islamism - 2:48
  • Liberal and Electoralists - 19:23
  • Role of Elites - 35:16
  • Islamism in the Long Run - 37:09

Key Links

Democracy or Authoritarianism: Islamist Governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Tunisia by Sebnem Gumuscu

"How Erdoğan’s Populism Won Again'" by Sebnem Gumuscu and Berk Esen

Follow Sebnem Gumuscu on X @sebnemisback

Democracy Paradox Podcast

Berk Esen and Sebnem Gumuscu on the Disappointing Elections in Turkey… or How Democratic (or Autocratic) is Turkey Really?

Shadi Hamid on Democracy, Liberalism, and the Middle East

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Apes of the State created all Music

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26 Dec 2023Does Democracy Rely on a Civic Bargain? Josiah Ober Makes the Case00:52:24

What we really need to do is recommit to the idea that this is difficult, it is valuable, and in order to keep this valuable, difficult thing going, we need to basically pay the cost of educating ourselves, educating the next generation, the background knowledge and skills that citizens need if they are to continue to govern themselves...

Josiah Ober

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A full transcript is available at www.democracyparadox.com.

Josiah Ober is a Professor of Classics and Political Science at Stanford University and a Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. He is the coauthor, along with Brook Manville, of The Civic Bargain: How Democracy Survives.

Key Highlights

  • Introduction - 0:49
  • What is Democracy? 3:15
  • Conditions and Constraints - 20:17
  • Classical Democracy - 24:26
  • Future of Democracy - 39:21

Key Links

The Civic Bargain: How Democracy Survives by Brook Manville and Josiah Ober

Demopolis: Democracy before Liberalism in Theory and Practice by Josiah Ober

Lean more about Josiah Ober

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How Can Democracy Survive in an Age of Discontent? Rachel Navarre and Matthew Rhodes-Purdy on Populism and Political Extremism

Marc Plattner Has Quite a Bit to Say About Democracy

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More Information

Apes of the State created all Music

Email the show at jkempf@democracyparadox.com

Follow on Twitter @DemParadox, Facebook, Instagram @democracyparadoxpodcast

100 Books on Democracy

Learn more about the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at https://kellogg.nd.edu/

Support the show

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