Carnegie Council Podcasts (Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs)

Just back from China, Sinologist (and fluent Mandarin speaker) Joshua Eisenman discusses the pervasive camera surveillance and facial recognition systems there; the omnipresent power of "the security state;" the effect of the U.S.-China trade war on everyday life and future business; and the expansion of the original Belt and Road project, a term than is now applied to almost any project anywhere in the world.

In this Artificial Intelligence & Equality podcast, Senior Fellow Anja Kaspersen is joined by Asia Society Policy Institute's Elina Noor for a talk on how we frame discussions on AI ethics and governance matters. They also speak about the importance of the social justice aspect of technology and the digital landscape in Southeast Asia.

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

It is important to see proposed solar radiation modification experiments in a wider social context, says Sheila Jasanoff, the Pforzheimer Professor of Science and Technology Studies at the Harvard Kennedy School, during a C2GTalk interview. People want to know who is doing the experiment, and what their intentions are—and it is important for scientists and engineers to recognize and address these concerns, and for governance to be built around that.

Sheila Jasanoff is a leading expert on the role of science and technology in the law, politics, and policy of modern democracies, and her work offers fascinating insights into how society navigates emerging technologies, and how decision-makers assess evidence and expertise—which is extremely relevant to our governance conversations.

She is the author or editor of more than 15 books, including The Ethics of Invention and Can Science Make Sense of Life; has held distinguished appointments at leading universities around the world; and served on the board of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

For more, including an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website. 

Current iterations of AI are increasingly able to encourage subservience to a non-human master, telling potentially systematic untruths with emphatic confidence. Senior Fellow Anja Kaspersen, AIEI Board Advisor Kobi Leins, and Carnegie-Uehiro Fellow Wendell Wallach argue that AI is closing, not opening, many pathways for work, meaning, expression, and human connectivity.

To read this article, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

Understanding that we face a planetary emergency can help countries and citizens around the world overcome our many interlocking crises, says Sandrine Dixson-Declève, co-president of the Club of Rome during a C2GTalk interview. Bringing international, national and local leaders into inclusive, people-focused governance processes can help our emergence into a new type of civilization.

Technology has a role to play—if governed properly—but cannot be relied upon to "save" us. In particular, climate-altering approaches like solar radiation modification (SRM) or large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) need governance in order to manage risks. Science and stories are needed to help citizens understand potential futures, and to find a way forward for people, planet and prosperity.

Sandrine Dixson-Declève is currently the co-president of the Club of Rome and divides her time between lecturing, facilitating change in business, and policy models and advisory work. She holds several advisory positions for the European Commission and the United Nations. She sits on the boards of organizations such as BMW, EDP, UCB, Climate KIC, UCL-Bartlett School of Environment, and the IEEP. Dixson-Declève is also a senior associate and faculty member of the Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL), ambassador, for the Energy Transition Commission (ETC) and WEALL. She co-founded the Women Enablers Change Agent Network (WECAN) and has been recognized by GreenBiz as one of the 30 most influential women across the globe driving change in the low carbon economy and promoting green business.

This interview was recorded on June 29, 2021 and is available with interpretation into 中文, Español, and Français.

For more, including an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website.

Central European University's President Michael Ignatieff is a human rights scholar, an educator, a former politician, and, as he tells us, the son of a refugee. He discusses what he calls "the ordinary virtues," such as patience and tolerance; the status of human rights today and the dilemmas of migration; the essential critera for true democracy; and the ideal curriculum. His advice to students: Learn to think for yourself.

Mathias Risse, director of Harvard Kennedy School's Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, discusses the many connections between artificial intelligence and human rights. From practical applications in the criminal justice system to unanswered philosophical questions about the nature of consciousness, how should we talk about the ethics of this ever-changing technology?

For ethics to be truly global, voices from all around the world need to be part of the international affairs discourse. And as these discussions still often begin in Western publishing houses and take shape in Global North classrooms, the academic world must make sure Global South perspectives are welcomed. 

Ahead of Global Ethics Day 2023, scholars from the Global South and North will come together to discuss the barriers to knowledge production in the academic world and how to bring new voices into the classroom, library, and bookstore. What are the structures and systems that need to be re-examined or broken? What does a more diverse and inclusive approach to knowledge production look like?

For more on this issue, please check out Joy Gordon and Anthony Lang's essay "Making Global Ethics More Global" which appeared in January 2023 as an Online Exclusive for Ethics & International Affairs.

Fore more on this podcast, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

Countries need to set aside their differences, recognize their interdependence, and negotiate as equals to tackle the climate crisis, says Sunita Narain, the director general of India's Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) during a C2GTalk. Nature-based solutions can play an important role, but they need much simpler accounting rules, and should be deployed in a way that benefits local communities.

Sunita Narain is the director general of the CSE and editor of the magazine Down To Earth. She plays an active role in policy formulation on issues of environment and development in India and globally. She has worked extensively on climate change, with a particular interest in advocating for an ambitious and equitable global agreement. Narain's work on air pollution, water and waste management as well as industrial pollution has led to an understanding of the need for affordable and sustainable solutions in countries like India where the challenge is to ensure inclusive and sustainable growth.

She was a member of the Indian Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change and has been awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian honor. In 2005, the CSE, under her leadership, was also awarded the Stockholm Water Prize. In 2016, Time magazine selected Narain as one of the most influential people in the world. She received “The Order of the Polar Star” award from the Swedish Government in 2017 and CSE was awarded the prestigious Indira Gandhi Prize for peace, disarmament and development for 2018. Narain continues to serve on national and international committees on environment including One Health Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance set up by WHO/OIE/FAO.

For more, please go to C2G's website.

The racial justice protests have been a huge story for local, national, and international media outlets throughout the summer of 2020. But as public opinion has shifted on issues like systemic racism and police brutality, how has the media reacted? What's the global view of these protests? University of Minnesota's Professor Danielle K. Kilgo answers these questions and more in this "Protests in Perspective" podcast.

In the fourth podcast in Carnegie Council's gene editing podcast series, Dalhousie University's Professor Françoise Baylis, author of "Altered Inheritance," explains what "slow science" and "broad societal consensus" mean when it comes to this technology. She also details why public empowerment is vital for ethical gene editing and wonders if some of these procedures will stay in the realm of science fiction.

As a UN vote in February revealed, the world is divided on how to respond to Russia's continuing war against Ukraine. In this Ethics Article, Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal says that, for the sake of global security, "common interests," like protecting civilians, must be forged when there is disagreement on values.

To read this article, please go to carengiecouncil.org. 

What will a Biden administration mean for Latin America? In this week's Doorstep, hosts Tatiana Serafin and Nikolas Gvosdev are joined by the Wilson Center's Cynthia Arnson to speak about how events unfolding in Latin American will affect U.S. demographics and politics in 2021 and beyond. With climate change as a centerpiece of his foreign policy agenda, how will Biden approach Brazil? How will his polices differ from Trump when it comes to Venezuela, Cuba, and Central America? How are youth movements in Latin America influencing and inspiring protests happening across the U.S.?

A week after the horrific terrorist attack on two New Zealand mosques, Carnegie Council Senior Fellow Kavitha Rajagopalan discusses immigration policies and xenophobia in Australia and the United States and how they reverberate throughout the world. How should we respond to hateful rhetoric from politicians? What are some ways to make immigration and asylum work more efficiently and ethically?

In the last few years, democracies around the world have experienced dangerous brushes with authoritarianism. Countries such as the U.S., Brazil, and Sri Lanka saw their institutions bend but not break under the weight of illiberal forces. This virtual panel builds upon a special roundtable of essays on healing and reimagining liberal constitutional democracy published in the most recent issue of Ethics & International Affairs, the quarterly journal of Carnegie Council.

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

In this "Ethical Article" Oxford's Corneliu Bjola reads his essay examining five core breaches of diplomatic norms during the Trump–Zelenskyy Oval Office meeting.

This article was written as an Online Exclusive for Carnegie Council's "Ethics & International Affairs" journal. To read this article, go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/bjola-trump-zelenskyy

In this wide-ranging talk, Future of Privacy Forum's Brenda Leong discusses the commercial uses of facial recognition technology, concerns about privacy and bias, how it's being utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic, and some tough questions about government surveillance. What's the future of facial recognition? How can we use this technology ethically? 

With record-breaking winter warmth in Europe, catastrophic fires in Australia, and deadly flooding in Indonesia, we are deep into a climate crisis. In this wide-ranging talk, Janos Paztor, executive director of the Carnegie Climate Governance Initiative (C2G), talks about his organization's work on the governance of emerging technologies that intentionally seek to change the Earth's climate system, including carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation modification.

The world has entered a new space age. This moment presents a myriad of novel ethical questions and governance challenges that require collaboration across sectors and the creation of new pathways for multilateral cooperation.

In response, Northeastern University’s Ethics Institute partnered with Carnegie Council to host a special convening on the future of international space governance, diplomacy, security, and sustainability.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/unlocking-cooperation-space-diplomacy

Carnegie Council, in collaboration with IEEE, proposes a five-part AI governance framework to enable the constructive use of AI.

To read the framework, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

A global and regional discussion is needed to learn about and create governance for climate-altering approaches like solar radiation modification, says Alicia Bárcena, executive secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), during a  C2GTalk interview.

The UN's regional commissions, including ECLAC, can play an important role in bringing together a diverse range of actors in this discussion, including public and private experts in environment, energy, finance, economy, and planning.

At the end of this C2GTalk, Bárcena said “And someday we will have to pay tribute to Maurice Strong . . . I think of him quite a lot.  I believe that he was really anticipating so many of these things. So hopefully someday we and C2G can do something about it”. On behalf of  Bárcena and Janos  Pasztor this C2GTalk is dedicated to the memory of Maurice Strong.

Alicia Bárcena  assumed  office  as  the  executive  secretary  of  the  Economic  Commission  for  Latin  America  and  the  Caribbean (ECLAC) on July 1, 2008. She had previously served as the under-secretary-general for management at United Nations Headquarters in New York, chef de cabinet, and deputy chef de cabinet to the former secretary-general, Kofi Annan.

This interview was recorded on August 6, 2021 and is available with interpretation into 中文, Español, and Français.

For more, including an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website.

Catherine Stihler, CEO of Open Knowledge Foundation, talks about how she is working toward an "open world where all non-personal information is free for everyone to use, build on, and share." As a former member of European Parliament, she also details the role that governments can play. What would a "fair, free, and open future" look like? What effect is today's divisive political atmosphere having on this goal?

Ahead of the AI for Information Accessibility Conference 2024 and the roll-out of the Caribbean AI Policy Roadmap, Carnegie Council and the UNESCO Information for All Programme Working Group on Information Accessibility hosted a panel of diverse speakers on AI ethics and policymaking in the digital age.

From Jamaica to Canada to Ukraine and beyond, how can citizens, civic institutions, and industry professionals work together to make sure that emerging technologies are accessible for everyone? What are common roadblocks that policymakers have to work through? And what are the principles that we all should keep in mind when thinking about responsibly using AI and other emerging technological systems?

To register for the AI for Information Accessibility Conference, please go to: https://ai4iaconference.com/register-now/

Host:
Cordel Green – Vice-Chair, UNESCO Information for All Programme (IFAP); Executive Director, Broadcasting Commission of Jamaica

Moderator:
Ayushi Khemka – Killian Doctoral Laureate, Department of Philosophy, University of Alberta

Panelists:
Stuart Hylton – Director of Assurance and Compliance Services, Symptai Consulting Limited

Dariia Opryshko – Media Law Consultant & Philipp-Schwartz Fellow, University of Münster (Germany); Member, Working Group on Information Accessibility, UNESCO Information for All Programme (IFAP)

Geoffrey Rockwell – Canada CIFAR AI Chair and Amii Fellow, University of Alberta

Dibyadyuti Roy – Assistant Professor of Cultural Studies, Media Studies, and Digital Humanities, University of Leeds

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/ai4ia2024

In the second podcast in a series on the COVID-19 pandemic and the the ethics of global vaccine distribution, University of Pennsylvania's Ezekiel Emanuel discusses the positives and negatives of the vaccination campaigns led by the Biden administration and COVAX. With many nations still facing public health emergencies, how can the U.S. effectively and ethically use the vaccine as soft power? What about the Chinese and Russian efforts? How have the pharmaceutical companies approached this effort?

Ahead of NATO's Madrid summit in June, The Washington Institute's Dr. Soner Cagaptay joins Doorstep co-hosts, Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin to discuss Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's strategy to reset relations with the West and get what he needs out of potential NATO enlargement.

With Turkey's inflation skyrocketing and Gen Z voters threatening to unseat him in next year's nationwide elections, President Erdogan is betting that demanding concessions from Sweden and Finland and staying friendly with Russia may not only strengthen Turkey's national security but also score him points at home. Will this also win him friends in Washington, DC?

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

Christian Barry, professor of philosophy at Australian National University, shares his perspective on the political climate, journalism, and polarization in the United States. What responsibility do citizens and elected officials have in the face of a corrupt administration? How can you speak to people on the other side of charged and emotional issues?

In the 20 years since the 9/11 attacks, national security decisions have tested the values of American democracy. This panel, hosted by Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal, examines lessons learned from the past two decades of conflict and the role that ethical action must play in helping to provide security while adhering to democratic principles. National security experts N. W. Collins, Sean McFate, and General Joseph Votel share their thoughts on these critical issues.

Princeton's Gyan Prakash tells the tragic story of the Amritsar Massacre in 1919, in which a British general ordered his soldiers to shoot at thousands of unarmed civilians, and its galvanizing effect on the Indian independence movement. Was this violence an "exceptional" moment in Britain's colonial history? And how did it change Gandhi's thinking in relation to his strategies to resist colonialism?

What do Americans think about the role the United States should be playing in the world? How do they conceive of the different trade-offs between domestic and international affairs, among competing options and sets of interests and values? The Chicago Council on Global Affairs' Dina Smeltz and Eurasia Group Foundation's Mark Hannah share the results of surveys from their organizations in this conversation with Senior Fellow Nikolas Gvosdev.

In this episode, Senior Fellow Anja Kaspersen speaks with Sam Gregory, executive director of WITNESS and a leading voice in human rights and civic journalism. Their discussion delves into the challenges and opportunities presented by synthetic data, AI-generated media, and deepfakes. Gregory discusses his pioneering "Prepare, Don't Panic" campaign and shares insights from his TED talk, "When AI Can Fake Reality, Who Can You Trust?" He emphasizes the importance of watermarking for data provenance and tackles the role of authenticity in today's digital landscape.

The conversation also covers the pressing need for global standards in AI governance and the rise of digital authoritarianism. Gregory's reflections on recent trends and his vision for 2024 offer a compelling call to action for responsible human rights engagement in our increasingly digital world.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/aiei-sam-gregory

U.S. democracy is at a dangerous inflection point. As America emerges from the January 6th assault on the Capitol, society faces a critical question: Can democracy bounce back or are Americans facing an undemocratic future? Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal and Yale's Jason Stanley discuss how to undo the damage done to U.S. institutions and the rise of nationalism around the world, from India to Brazil to Hungary.

U.S. Army Lieutenant General (Ret.) Mark Hertling joins the Values & Interests podcast to discuss lessons in leadership, the power of embracing your professional ethos, and the critical importance of staying true to personal values in times of crisis.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/values-interests-hertling

Doorstep co-hosts Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin are joined by Paul Saunders, president of the Energy Innovation Reform Project, to evaluate Vice President Kamala Harris' recent trip to Singapore and Vietnam and enumerate moves by the U.S. to engage partners in Southeast Asia. What are U.S. regional priorities and how are they related to doorstep issues? How will China and Russia respond to U.S. assertiveness? Join our discussion and send comments to @DoorstepPodcast on Twitter or email us at thedoorstep@cceia.org.

As the 2020 election begins to come into focus, Senior Fellow Nikolas Gvosdev details the foreign policy cleavages in the Democratic Party. Plus, referencing Nahal Toosi's recent article in "Politico," he discusses the worries that many in Europe have about a Trump reelection or a progressive candidate who also questions the status quo. What's the view from abroad on this turbulent time in American politics?

The world needs to look at every option to stop dangerous climate change, but some potential approaches—like solar radiation modification—are undeveloped and could bring significant risks and unintended consequences, says Per Heggenes, CEO of the IKEA Foundation during a C2GTalk. That is why it is important to support broad-based discussions now, involving every part of society, in order to prepare for the tough governance challenges ahead.

Per Heggenes is the CEO of IKEA Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Stichting INGKA Foundation, the owner of the Swedish home furnishings company IKEA. Since becoming CEO in 2009, he has presided over the Foundation’s evolution into a global, independent, strategic philanthropy focused on fighting climate change and improving livelihood opportunities for the poor. He serves on numerous advisory boards for humanitarian and development organizations and has taken a special interest in helping reform the way the global community works to embrace the rights of refugees and migrants. In 2019, Heggenes was appointed by the UN secretary general to join the High Level Panel on Internal Displacement with the goal of developing durable solutions to protracted internal displacement.

For more, please go to C2G's website.

In this new podcast series, we'll be connecting Carnegie Council's work and current events with our senior fellows, senior staff, and friends of our organization. In this episode, we look back on one year of COVID-19 and its effect on international relations, with clips of events from Spring 2020 and interviews with Nikolas Gvosdev and Joel Rosenthal. After a disastrous response, is the U.S. still considered a leader among its allies? How has the Biden administration fared in its first months?

Following up on his talk with RAND analyst Ali Wyne on great-power competition, Senior Fellow Nikolas Gvosdev gives an update on U.S.-Russian relations, touching on the war in Eastern Ukraine, the crisis in Venezuela, and election interference. He also previews the upcoming G-20 Summit in Japan, with Trump possibly hampered by his domestic controversies and talk of impeachment. 

In this episode of the Artificial Intelligence & Equality podcast, Senior Fellow Anja Kaspersen speaks with Sara Hooker, head of Cohere for AI, to discuss her pioneering work on model design, model bias, and data representation. She highlights the importance of understanding the ethical trade-offs involved in building and using large models and addresses some of the complexities and responsibilities of modern AI development.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/aiei-sara-hooker

Although pundits and politicians pay close attention to measures like GDP or unemployment, almost no one tracks citizens' wellbeing. Gallup CEO Jon Clifton discusses this "blind spot" in his new book and in this virtual event with Doorstep co-hosts Tatiana Serafin and Nikolas Gvosdev. How did it lead to events like the Arab Spring uprisings or the election of Donald Trump? How can leaders close this important information gap and begin to incorporate wellbeing and happiness indicators?

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

As part of Carnegie Council's Information Warfare podcast series, Devin Stewart interviews Joshua Kurlantzick about his recent project on Chinese media and influence campaigns and techniques in East Asia. Kurlantzick connects his project, which will become a book, to his previous books "Charm Offensive" and "Democracy in Retreat." He concludes by assessing China's overall impact on Asian politics and the fate of democracy worldwide.

In this episode of the AI for Information Accessibility podcast, host Ayushi Khemka talks to Emad Mousavi and Paolo Verdini, both Ph.D. students at the University of Alberta, about the ethics and philosophy behind AI. They speak about the Ethics Bot, a project they co-run, and discuss questions of accountability and equity through and in AI.

The AI4IA podcast series is in association with the Artificial Intelligence for Information Accessibility 2022 Conference, which took place on September 28 to commemorate the International Day for Universal Access to Information. The AI4IA Conference and the podcast series are also being hosted in collaboration with AI4Society and the Kule Institute for Advanced Studies, both at the University of Alberta; the Centre for New Economic Diplomacy at the Observer Research Foundation in India; and the Broadcasting Commission of Jamaica.

To access conference presentations, use this link. 

For more on this episode, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

During the "Red Summer" of 1919 dozens of race riots flared up across the U.S., but the anti-African American violence in Chicago stood out because of scale and social and political significance. University of Chicago's Professor Adam Green details the causes, the tragic events, and the aftermath in this riveting discussion. How did the riot affect the city's development for decades to come? How does it tie into questions about democracy and the end of World War I?

Current international responses to climate change continue to place the world on a trajectory beyond 1.5°C global warming, with impacts posing severe risks to natural and human systems. Discussions on carbon dioxide removal (CDR) globally has grown since the publication of the IPCC special report on global warming of 1.5°C, which reaffirms that large-scale CDR is required in all of its pathways to limit global warming to 1.5°C, with limited or no overshoot to achieve net-zero mid-century and global net negative emissions thereafter, until the end of the century. By removing between 100 to 1000 billion tonnes of CO2 depending on the speed of emissions reduction in respective pathways.

CDR methods vary and include the use of nature-based approaches, such as afforestation and enhancing wetlands, or engineering-based approaches to directly capture carbon dioxide. At scale, they all present potential benefits and risks of negative side-effects and pose significant governance challenges as many governance gaps exist. Most CDR approaches are currently theoretical and far from being ready to deploy at the speed or scale necessary to prevent overshooting the Paris Agreement temperature goal of 1.5–2°C.

Discussions around CDR governance, in particular on and around nature-based approaches to CDR as well as direct air carbon capture and storage, have more recently gained growing interest in light of the wave of net-zero commitments or pledges by governments, companies and other actors over the last two years.

However, important knowledge gaps persist around the role CDR could play in achieving net negative emissions after net-zero to deliver the Paris Agreement's goal. This C2GDiscuss features three global experts sharing their views on the role that CDR could play to achieve net negative after net zero. Some of the topics explored in this discussion are: what needs to be done now to have CDR functioning by the time we need it; how can CDR's full potential be realized as a climate response while making sure that the co-benefits are maximized, and trade-offs minimized in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); what role could the public and private sector play to scale up the required CDR and is there a role for other non-state actors.

Understanding these issues is crucial and urgent for meaningful societal deliberations and decisions today.

Jan Minx is head of the Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change working group Applied Sustainability Science.

James Mwangi is the executive director of the Dalberg Group, and a partner with Dalberg Advisors.

Shuchi Talati is chief of staff for the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) at the U.S. Department of Energy.

Janos Pasztor (moderator) is executive director of C2G and a senior fellow at Carnegie Council.

This discussion was recorded on September 8, 2021, and is available with interpretation into 中文, Español, and Français.

For more, please go to C2G's website. 

The original idea of the Internet was for it to be a "free speech nirvana," but in 2019, the reality is quite different. Authoritarians spread disinformation and extremists incite hatred, often on the huge, U.S.-based platforms, YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter. David Kaye, UN special rapporteur on freedom of opinion & expression, details the different approaches to these issues in Europe and the United States and looks for solutions in this informed and important talk.

Almost a year ago, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act was signed into law by President Biden in response to consumer demands for more oversight of what we buy, how it is made and under what conditions. This one effort to bring more transparency to the murky world of global supply chains is now being overshadowed by companies' efforts to limit cargo data.

The Associated Press' Joshua Goodman joins Doorstep co-hosts Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin to discuss his latest reporting on the Commercial Customs Operations Advisory Committee and recommendations that will hinder efforts to hold companies accountable in foreign supply chains. Will consumers keep up the pressure or will midterm election concerns overtake transparency efforts?

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

In the quest for technological superiority, military strategists are looking into AI systems like language models for decision-making. With the potential for catastrophic consequences, we must address the ethical and safety concerns of these systems, writes Stanford University's Dr. Max Lamparth in this "Ethical Article."

To read this article, plase go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/lamparth

In this "Ethical Article" Eleonore Fournier-Tombs, head of anticipatory action and innovation at the United Nations University Centre for Policy Research, reads her article on the rise of agentic AI and the need for researchers and policymakers to agree on ethical principles to inform governance of this emerging technology.

To read this article, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/agentic-ai-fournier-tombs

Research on solar radiation modification is needed, especially in the Global South, to understand whether it could be an option for reducing climate risk, says University of São Paulo's Professor Paulo Artaxo during a C2GTalk. The planet is currently headed for 3°C global warming, yet the world is still not doing enough to phase out fossil fuels and net zero goals look extremely difficult to achieve.

Paulo Artaxo is a professor at the Institute of Physics at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. He is a member of the IPCC, the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (ABC), the World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), and he is vice president of the Academy of Sciences of the State of São Paulo (ACIESP).

For more, please go to C2G's website.

Climate tipping points are points of no return, beyond which the Earth's systems would reorganize beyond the capacity of socioeconomic and ecological systems to adapt, warns the OECD's Jo Tyndall, in a new C2GTalk. Policymakers need to do more to address these risks now, including through support for carbon dioxide removal technologies, accounting for both opportunities and challenges. While solar radiation modification is not currently feasible, more research is needed.

Jo Tyndall is director of the Environment Directorate at the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) where she oversees the implementation of the Directorate’s program of work, covering a broad range of environmental issues, including: green growth, climate change, biodiversity, quality of ecosystems, eco-innovation, circular economy, and resource productivity.

Click here for more C2GTalk podcasts.

Countries like Syria and Libya are facing a "double" emergency right now, says the International Rescue Committee's Kelly Razzouk, as these states are having to deal with ongoing conflict, along with the COVID-19 outbreak. How has the IRC been responding to these situations? What more can the UN Security Council do?

In this new Carnegie Council podcast series, Hilary Sutcliffe, a member of the Artificial Intelligence & Equality (AIEI) Board of Advisors, explores fresh perspectives from some of today's most innovative thinkers who challenge the foundational understanding of some familiar concepts—such as human nature, democracy, capitalism, innovation, regulation—and bring them to you . . . from another angle.

In this introduction to the podcast, Sutcliffe, along with AIEI co-directors Anja Kaspersen and Wendell Wallach, discuss the series and its aspiration to challenge our basic assumptions and open up new possibilities and different ways of responding to the pressing issues or our age.

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

National security expert Asha Castleberry-Hernandez discusses what "ISIS 2.0" means and how the terrorist group has used social media to recruit and spread its message. How has its strategy changed since the death of its leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi? What can the U.S. military, Congress, and executive branch do better to fight the group online?

Global war, inflation, and a COVID-19 resurgence--the Biden/Harris team has been put on defense for first two quarters of 2022. Policies are reactive, promises made a year ago tabled. This week, "Doorstep" co-hosts Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin reflect on what has happened to the vaunted Biden/Harris "foreign policy for the middle class" and how midterm elections will up-end the narratives the administration expected to put in place. Where do we go from here?

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

For about 18 months after World War I there was what historian Erez Manela calls the "Wilsonian moment"--a brief period when President Woodrow Wilson led people around the world to believe that he would champion a new world order of self-determination and rights for small nations. How did this actually play out, particularly in the case of Egypt, which was a British Protectorate at the time?

In this episode of The Crack-Up series, which explores how 1919 shaped the modern world, film historian David Bordwell discusses two big changes in the American film industry in 1919: the revolt of film stars against the powerful studio system, and Paramount's response, which was to try and control the "product" from creation to point of consumption. He goes on to look at how these creative and commercial tensions still play out today.

Carnegie New Leader Geoff Schaefer leads a lively conversation with Reid Blackman about his new book Ethical Machines: Your Concise Guide to Totally Unbiased, Transparent, and Respectful AI. Blackman cuts through the common jargon to deliver a clear and tangible approach to AI ethics. The conversation covers everything from "ethical nightmares" to the myth that ethical facts don't–and can't–exist. This episode is full of tips and tricks on how to think about the core ethical challenges in AI. 

Reid Blackman is the founder and CEO of Virtue, an AI ethical risk consultancy, and volunteer chief ethics officer for the non-profit Government Blockchain Association. His work, which includes providing guidance to the likes of AWS, US Bank, Citibank, the FBI, NASA, and the World Economic Forum, has been profiled in The Wall Street Journal and Forbes.

In his long career as a journalist covering the Cold War and its aftermath, best-selling author Robert D. Kaplan often crossed paths with Bob Gersony. A high school dropout later awarded a Bronze Star for his service in Vietnam, Gersony conducted on-the-ground research for the U.S. government in virtually every war and natural-disaster zone in the world. In conversation with Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal, Kaplan discusses the powerful example that Gersony set of how American diplomacy should be conducted.

Looking ahead to the 2020 election and the role that foreign policy will play on the campaign trail, Senior Fellow Nikolas Gvosdev talks with RAND Corporation's Ali Wyne about the dominant international relations narrative in Trump-era Washington: "great-power competition." With Russia and China as the main competitors, how should we differentiate between the two nations? What is the U.S. actually competing for? And what would "victory" look like?

In the governance of AI a few small initiatives have had a large impact. One of these is the Center for AI and Digital Policy (CAIDP), led by Marc Rotenberg and Merve Hickok, our guests in this Artificial Intelligence & Equality podcast.

Among CAIDP activities is the yearly publication of an Artificial Intelligence and Democratic Index, in which more 75 countries (as of 2022) are rated on an array of metrics from endorsement of the OECD/G20 AI Principles to the creation of independent agencies to implement AI policies. Furthermore, the CAIDP staff and collaborators have been involved in and helped shape most of the major AI policy initiatives to date.

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

How can we ensure that the technologies currently being developed are used for the common good, rather than for the benefit of a select few? In this Ethics Article, Senior Fellows Anja Kaspersen and Wendell Wallach write that for effective technology governance to truly materialize, a systemic reset directed at improving the human condition is required.

To read the article, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

Cities around the world are facing numerous climate-related challenges such as rising sea levels, flooding, and extreme heat. These challenges place significant strain on local economies and disproportionately impact the most vulnerable residents. The severity of the situation is further compounded by population growth within cities, with the UN projecting that nearly 70 percent of all people will reside in urban areas by 2050.

In order to support safe and sustainable urban environments, city leaders must urgently prioritize decarbonization and climate resiliency policies. However, there are complex ethical questions and tradeoffs that lawmakers must confront when planning for and implementing such policies.

This in-depth panel discussion and Q&A looks at how to address urban-specific climate challenges in an ethical manner. What are the latest climate policy innovations for cities? What are some ethical approaches that balance the needs of current residents while ensuring sustainable urban environments for future generations?

This event was hosted by Carnegie Council together with the NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs and the NYC Mayor's Office of Climate & Environmental Justice on September 20, 2023, on the margins of Climate Week and the UN General Assembly.

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

Young people need to learn more about solar radiation modification, and provide their inputs to governments, think tanks, and policymakers, says Brazilian climate activist Clara Botto, in this C2GTalk. “We need to have global conversations to address something that might have global impacts,” she adds. That is why she and her colleagues have launched SRM Youth Watch, a global platform aimed at informing and bringing new communities into the debate.

Clara Botto has been engaged with sustainable development at a grassroots and international level, from arts to politics, for the past eight years. She is currently one of C2G’s Youth Climate Voices.

For more, please go to C2G's website.

During this interview at 17:22, Botto acknowledges that she says “micro hollow sphere glasses” instead of the correct term "hollow glass microspheres."

To celebrate the record number of women elected into Congress, the 63rd session of the Commission on the Status of Women at the UN, and Women's History Month, Carnegie Council partnered with UN Women of New York for a panel with U.S. Congresswoman Yvette D. Clarke, NYC Council Member Helen Rosenthal, and Assemblywoman Nily Rozic of New York's 25th District. Opening remarks from Mary Luke of UN Women of NY, moderated by Erin Vilardi of VoteRunLead.

UC Berkley's Professor Stuart J. Russell discusses the near- and far-future of artificial intelligence, including self-driving cars, killer robots, governance, and why he's worried that AI might destroy the world. How can scientists reconfigure AI systems so that humans will always be in control? How can we govern this emerging technology across borders? What can be done if autonomous weapons are deployed in 2020?

"Climate, cyber, then mass gun violence, sometimes motivated by terrorist ideology--and the ideology can most frequently be tied to far-right-wing extremism, sometimes tied to no ideology at all, sometimes tied to pathology. Those three things I think are the real risks that the Department of Homeland Security really should be focused on. In contrast, what is not a real risk is the conditions of the Southwest border."

In this Ethical Article, Visiting Fellow Arta Moeini analyzes the ongoing "Great Transition" in international affairs. With the U.S.-led "rules-based" world order seemingly at its endpoint, how can Western nations adapt?

To read this article, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

Young people may not yet have a seat at the decision-making table, but they are influential stakeholders with the power to steer the direction of the climate discourse, said Marie-Claire Graf during a C2GTalk interview. As they work towards getting that seat, they are building capacity, learning and awareness on a range of issues, including the governance of climate-altering approaches.

Marie-Claire Graf is one of the Global Focal Points of YOUNGO, the Children and Youth constituency to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. She is a Swiss youth advocate for sustainable development and climate action, and the president of the Swiss Associations of Student Organizations for Sustainability, and vice president at Swiss Youth for Climate. Marie-Claire is a Climate Reality Leader, and co-founder of a crowdsourcing platform startup for aggregated science-based and citizen-science data called C’Square.

This interview was recorded on 15 December 2020, and is also available with interpretation into 中文, Español and Français.

For more, including an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website.

When the United States launched a massive cyberattack against Iran last month, it heralded "a new age of Internet warfare," says cybersecurity expert Arun Vishwanath. How could cyber-based conflicts change the nature of the Internet? Why is the U.S. especially vulnerable to these threats? And what would a "digital Geneva Convention" look like?

More research and better governance is needed to help developing countries make decisions about solar radiation modification (SRM), says Thelma Krug, vice-chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), during a C2GTalk.

SRM has come into focus due to a likely overshoot of the 1.5C warming goal, which would bring increasing risks to people and natural ecosystems, and—depending on the length and extent of overshoot—potentially irreversible impacts.

Thelma Krug is a former researcher at the Earth Observation Coordination at the National Institute for Space Research in Brazil, under the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication (MCTIC). She was elected vice-chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for the Sixth Cycle of Panel (October 2015 – October 2022), after having been co-chair of the IPCC Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories from 2002 until 2015.

For more, go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

"There are areas where China lags behind other countries in its power, areas where it's catching up, and areas where China really has leapfrogged some other countries, including the United States, and is pulling ahead," says Bonnie Glaser of CSIS. Certainly, China is investing heavily in promoting a favorable narrative about China around the world, a strategy increasingly being referred to as "political influence operations."

Don't miss this podcast! Turkish novelist and journalist Ece Temelkuran details how a country goes from "democracy to dictatorship." She touches on humor, shame, "post-truth," women's rights, and much more, as she talks Erdoğan, Trump, & populism throughout Europe.

This "Ethical Article" discusses the moral questions around the banning of countries and athletes from the Olympic Games.

This article was written by Drew Thompson as an Online Exclusive for Carnegie Council's "Ethics & International Affairs" journal. It was voiced by Terence Hurley. 

To read this article, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/olympics-war

When author Eliot Peper first heard about solar geoengineering, or solar radiation modification, he knew he had to write a novel. "There are so many different angles on this kind of a problem. It raises so many questions that impact every area of our lives," he told C2GTalk. Speculative fiction, says Peper, can spark people's curiosity and inspire them to become engaged. "If it makes other people look more deeply and pay more attention, to me that's a huge win."

Eliot Peper is the author of nine novels, including Veil, Cumulus, Bandwidth, and Neon Fever Dream. He also publishes a blog, and sends a monthly newsletter. He is on Twitter, @eliotpeper.

Peper’s most recent novel, Veil, is a speculative thriller about diplomats, hackers, spies, scientists, and billionaires racing to control our climate future. Janos Pastor, C2G’s executive director, calls Veil "the tale we need to confront climate change. Peper deftly explores one of the most controversial ideas on the climate agenda—solar geoengineering—and its geopolitical quandaries—raising tough questions and showing why we require new forms of governance to answer them."

This interview was recorded on  December 14, 2021 and will be available with interpretation into 中文,  Español, and Français.

For an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website.

What is China up to in the Middle East? How is its massive Belt and Road infrastructure project affecting U.S. foreign policy and American citizens? Asha Castleberry-Hernandez, senior advisor in the U.S. State Department's Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs, discusses all of this, plus vaccine diplomacy, energy, and human rights, as she shares some of the Biden administration's thinking on these major issues with "Doorstep" co-hosts Tatiana Serafin and Nick Gvosdev.

In this probing discussion with Senior Fellow Arthur Holland Michel, Brianna Rosen, senior fellow at "Just Security" and the University of Oxford, discusses what we know (and what we don't) about Israel's use of AI in the war in Gaza and explains the fraught relationship between algorithmic decisions, transparency, and accountability. She also looks back at the last two decades of the U.S. drone strike program for clues about what the future of AI warfare might mean for justice and human rights.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/podcast-brianna-rosen

"In our foreign policy, for at least half a century, we have been spectacularly blind to the power of tribal politics," says Amy Chua, author of "Political Tribes: Group Instinct and the Fate of Nations." What does this mean in 2019? How can Americans move past tribalism? Don't miss this conversation with Chua and Bard College's Walter Russell Mead, moderated by Bard's Roger Berkowitz.

On World Refugee Day, Carnegie Council hosted a critical discussion on enhancing multilateral cooperation at the intersection of climate change and human mobility, the second event in the Council’s “Unlocking Cooperation” series.

As extreme weather events and rising sea levels increasingly threaten coastal and island populations, particularly Small Island Developing States (SIDS), the panel will explore the urgent need for innovative and inclusive policies, guided by ethical considerations, to address climate-induced displacement and migration.

The discussion featured Ambassador Ali Naseer Mohamed, permanent representative of the Republic of Maldives to the UN, alongside experts from the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the New York Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The conversation was moderated by University for Peace's Ramu Damodaran.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/climate-change-mobility

All Things Have Standing is a course in human psychology and the ethics of artificial intelligence and environmental law inspired by a powerful idea from the audio drama Spark Hunter—that all things have ethical standing. All Things Have Standing is presented by Carnegie Council in collaboration with Fighter Steel Education. Inspired by a futuristic story of a highly advanced AI experiencing existential crisis, All Things Have Standing explores, with leading scholars, AI and environmental ethics, the psychology and philosophy which underlie them, and the extraordinary challenges they raise for the global community. The first two parts, entitled “Our Stories” and “Others’ Stories,” were published in November. The third part, “Earth’s Stories,” is all available today in eight sections on this podcast. After a recap of the previous podcast from Professor Sheldon Solomon, scholar and activist Dianne Dillon-Ridgley and legal respondent Kathy Robb discuss the care of our Earth and what that moral and legal landscape looks like.

To watch the videos connected to this podcast, please go to Carnegie Council's YouTube channel.  

For more information on All Things Have Standing and to listen to the Spark Hunter audio drama please visit FighterSteel.com. 

In this episode of the "AI & Equality" podcast, Senior Fellow Anja Kaspersen speaks with Heather Roff, senior research scientist at the The Center for Naval Analyses. They cover the gamut of AI systems and military affairs, from ethics and history, to robots, war, and conformity testing. Plus, they discuss how to become alchemists of meaning in the digital age.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/aiei-roff

Senior Fellow Reed Bonadonna, a retired U.S. Marine Corps colonel, discusses the role of ethics in the transition to civilian life. With presidents Eisenhower and Grant as the ideal examples, he also details the attributes that veterans can bring to the political realm. Are the current group of veteran politicians better-positioned to work across the aisle? And what's changed in the White House now that three generals have left high-profile posts in the Trump administration?

As electric vehicles become more common, policymakers will have a new set of ethical dilemmas to confront, says Senior Fellow Nikolas Gvosdev in this Ethics Article. Questions about pollution and geopolitics remain and the economic benefits are unclear and uneven.

To read this article, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

In recent years, the global discussion on "AI ethics" has succeeded in mainstreaming key principles to limit the risks that would otherwise arise from the unrestricted and unconsidered use of artificial intelligence, particularly with regards to privacy, safety, and equality. But it may have overlooked a much more fundamental and uncomfortable question: What are the limits of "AI ethics"? This panel discussion, hosted by Senior Fellow Arthur Holland Michel, looks at this question and much more.

Much has been said about the inability of tech and AI developers to grapple with ethical theory and inherent tension. Similarly, philosophers are often criticized by AI engineers for not understanding the technology. Anja Kaspersen and Wendell Wallach, senior fellows and co-chairs of the Artificial Intelligence & Equality Initiative, sit down with University of Pittsburgh’sProfessor Colin Allen for a fascinating conversation.

Wallach and Allen wrote Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right From Wrong together more than a decade ago, and this conversation also features an assessment of how we have progressed in building AI systems capable of making moral decisions.   

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

All Things Have Standing is a course in human psychology and the ethics of artificial intelligence and environmental law inspired by a powerful idea from the audio drama Spark Hunter—that all things have ethical standing. All Things Have Standing is presented by Carnegie Council in collaboration with Fighter Steel Education. Inspired by a futuristic story of a highly advanced AI experiencing existential crisis, All Things Have Standing explores, with leading scholars, AI and environmental ethics, the psychology and philosophy which underlie them, and the extraordinary challenges they raise for the global community. The first part, entitled our “Our Stories,” was published on this podcast feed last week. The second part of this course, “Others’ Stories,” is all available today in six sections on this podcast. Drawing on the work of classical and modern philosophers and inspired by Professor Silvia Benso and the Spark Hunter drama, Professor Chris DiBona presents a fresh way of looking at the people and things around us. 

To watch the videos connected to this podcast, please go to Carnegie Council's YouTube channel.  

For more information on All Things Have Standing and to listen to the Spark Hunter audio drama please visit FighterSteel.com. 

United Nations peacekeeping operations present unique ethical challenges for both multilateral actors and local communities. Today, these moral and political dilemmas are exacerbated by a deteriorating geopolitical environment. In this discussion, leading practitioners grapple with critical questions for UN peacekeeping, now and in the future.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/ethics-empowered-peacekeeping

Almost half of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the energy used to produce, process, transport, and dispose of the food we eat and the goods we use—multiply this around the world. Waste, from food to plastics, not only affects climate change but also affects people's lives in ways that we don't always consider. Saumya Roy brings these issues to life in her book Castaway Mountain. In this podcast, Roy and Carnegie Council Senior Fellows Tatiana Serafin and Nikolas Gvosdev discuss how Mumbai's forgotten community reflects the massive problem of waste around the world. 

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

In this episode, host Hilary Sutcliffe explores . . . ethics from another angle, with Christian Hunt, author of Humanizing Rules: Bringing Behavioural Science to Ethics and Compliance.

It's mind-boggling how many principles and guidelines are available on creating ethical cultures or delivering ethical technologies. But these are often high level and abstract, easy to talk about, and hard to do. Hunt’s book explores ethics not top down from the c-suite, but from the bottom up; using behavioral understanding and decades of hands-on experience to help organizations look at ethics from a human perspective, and design the rules and process that make ethics stick.

For more, please go to: 

How can investigators utilize new technology like facial recognition software while respecting the rights of suspects and the general public? What are the consequences of government overreaction to terrorist threats? Tom Parker, author of "Avoiding the Terrorist Trap," discusses privacy, surveillance, and more in the context of counterterrorism.

Generation Z makes up over 30 percent of the world's population and this group of people, most under the age of 20, are already having an extraordinary effect on society, culture, and politics. Tatiana Serafin, journalism professor at Marymount Manhattan College, breaks down the power of this generation, focusing on climate change activism. How can they turn their energy into concrete action?

In this episode of the Artificial Intelligence & Equality podcast, Senior Fellow Anja Kasperson is joined by Hertie School's Professor Joanna Bryson to discuss the intersection of computational, cognitive, and behavioral sciences, and AI. The conversation delves into the intricate ways these fields converge to shape intelligent systems and the ethical dimensions of this emerging technology. Drawing on her academic background and practical experiences, Bryson provides valuable insights into the cognitive aspects of AI development and its societal impacts.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/aiei-bryson

This podcast was recorded on September 26, 2023.

Leading up to the one-year anniversary of Russia's second invasion of Ukraine, Rachel Ziemba, head of Ziemba Insights and adjunct senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security, returns to The Doorstep to discuss how the balance of power has shifted across the globe with co-hosts Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin.

How has Russia managed to work sanctions to its advantage and grow its economy in 2022 according to the recent data from the IMF? Which countries are emerging as strategic partners with new supply routes? And if we can't we quit Russia, what does that mean for ending the war in Ukraine?

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org. 

Over the last two decades, solar radiation modification has gone from an intellectual experiment to something people are seriously considering, says pioneering climate scientist Ken Caldeira during a C2GTalk. The world needs to understand what would happen if somebody felt the need to cool the Earth rapidly, and that requires the ability for scientists to do more research. "There is a case to limit knowledge acquisition if it would lead to imminent harm," says Caldeira, but this is not the case for solar radiation modification experiments.

Ken Caldeira is senior staff scientist (emeritus) with Carnegie Institution for Science, and world famous for his work on the global carbon cycle and climate change. He was a lead author for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s fifth assessment report and a co-author of the 2010 US National Academy America’s Climate Choices report. Caldeira also participated in the UK Royal Society’s geoengineering panel in 2009. He is also senior scientist at Breakthrough Energy, which supports innovation to reach zero carbon emissions.

For more, including an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website.

Peter Asaro, co-founder of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control, has a simple solution for stopping the future proliferation of killer robots, or lethal autonomous weapons: "Ban them." What are the ethical and logistical risks of this technology? How would it change the nature of warfare? And with the U.S. and other nations currently developing killer robots, what is the state of governance?

How can thinking about the history of machine ethics inform the responsible development of AI and other emerging technologies? In a wide-ranging discussion with Carnegie Ethics Fellow Samantha Hubner, Carnegie-Uehiro Fellow Wendell Wallach, co-director of the Artificial Intelligence & Equality Initiative (AIEI), discusses the continued relevance of his re-released book "A Dangerous Master," the prospects for international governance around AI, why it’s vitally important for the general public to be informed about these complex issues, and much more.

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/aiei-hubner-wallach

The U.S.-India relationship is a central part of the Biden-Harris administration focus on the Indo-Pacific region. Ahead of U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken's trip to Delhi next week, Carnegie Council Senior Fellows Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin discuss India's role in the QUAD, vaccine diplomacy, growing bilateral economic ties, and the youth revolution with Dhruva Jaishankar, executive director of Observer Research Foundation America.

Jazz historian David Sager describes the beginnings of jazz and its enthusiastic reception in France during World War I. He tells the amazing and tragic story of African American musician James Reese Europe, a leader in the creation and acceptance of jazz, who didn't live long enough to see what a difference he made to music and to race relations.

In this episode of the Artificial Intelligence & Equality podcast, Senior Fellow Anja Kaspersen engages with Raja Chatila, professor emeritus at Sorbonne University, exploring the integration of robotics, AI, and ethics. Chatila delves into his journey in the AI field, starting from his early influences in the late 1970s to his current work on global AI ethics, discussing the evolution of AI technologies, the ethical considerations in deploying these systems, and the importance of designing them skillfully and mindfully.

With a a focus on safety-first approaches over risk-focused frameworks, drawing parallels with other industries like aviation, Chatila advocates for AI systems that are designed to benefit humanity. What are the responsibilities of developers and policymakers to ensure these technologies are developed, tested, and certified with care and consideration for their effects on society?

For more, please go to: https://carnegiecouncil.co/aiei-chatila

The aftershocks of World War II did not end with German capitulation in May 1945. Millions were displaced, including concentration camp survivors, POWs, slave laborers, political prisoners, and Nazi collaborators. Many eventually returned home, but "the lost million" did not. Author David Nasaw and Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal discuss this forgotten chapter in history and its relevance to today.

In two years, two-thirds of the world's population may face water shortages that will lead to crises of epic proportions from water refugees to potential armed conflicts over water supply. Yet the global water crisis does not typically get regular press attention. IHE Delft Institute for Water Education's Dr. Susanne Schmeier speaks with Doorstep co-hosts, Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin about how we can frame water crises discussions and begin to work on solutions.

What trade-offs must be made? Can the United States and United Nations, whose annual meetings begin in New York City next week, do more? How will next year's UN Water Conference set a new agenda?

For more, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.