Boston Children's Answers Parentcast (Boston Children's Hospital)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects the ability to pay attention and regulate impulse control. If your child has ADHD, they’re not alone: It is the most common neurodevelopmental condition in childhood, affecting up to seven percent of school-aged kids. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold talks with Dr. Anne Arnett, a scientist in Boston Children’s Division of Developmental Medicine. Together, they answer questions about ADHD, including: • What are the signs and symptoms of ADHD? • What causes ADHD? • When is ADHD usually diagnosed? • What are the different subtypes of ADHD? • What kinds of treatment are available for kids with ADHD? • What are the potential risks or consequences if ADHD is untreated? • How can we support kids with ADHD at home and in school? Kids with ADHD need to learn to self-regulate and direct their attention appropriately. Getting them the support they need — and having a little extra patience — will help them succeed.

In this digital age, many parents struggle with how to manage their child's time online using social media, gaming, or watching videos. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold talks with special guest Dr. Michel Rich, Director of the Digital Wellness Lab and the Clinic for the Interactive Media and Internet Disorders at Boston Children's Hospital. Together they offer practical advice and answers to questions like: - Is there a specific age that is best for a parent to give their child a phone or social media? - How can parents set boundaries when it comes to screen time? - When should parents use parental controls? - How much time is too much for your child to be spending online? - How do parents keep their kids from getting involved in the dangerous viral challenges on social media? Overall, parents need to know that they already have the parenting skills they need. They just have to step into the digital space where their children spend so much time with confidence and competence.

As any parent can attest, ear infections are very common in kids. In fact, 80% will have at least one ear infection before reaching adulthood. But just because it's common doesn't mean it's easy for a child (or their parent) to endure. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold discusses ear infections with Dr. Eliot Shearer, a physician at Boston Children's Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, which provides comprehensive care for ear, nose, and throat disorders. Together, they share advice for families and answer questions such as: • What are the signs and symptoms of an ear infection? • What’s the difference between an earache and an ear infection? • What are the different kinds of ear infections? • Are some people predisposed to having ear infections? • How are ear infections treated — do they ever go away without treatment? • What can parents do to help decrease the risk of their kids getting ear infections? • What are chronic ear infections, and how are they treated? • What are the risks of not treating chronic ear infections? If your child has frequent ear infections, please make sure that you take the time to discuss them with your pediatrician. You may want to consider further action, such as meeting with an otolaryngologist like Dr. Shearer to discuss treatment options.

Did you know there is a dedicated team within some hospitals whose sole mission is to make the experience the best it can be for your family? Join host Dr. Jennifer Arnold in a conversation with Caitlin McGowan, a member of Boston Children’s Child Life Services Department. In this episode, they delve into the invaluable support provided by child life specialists, addressing key questions such as: • How do child life specialists identify ways to make the hospital experience easier for patient families? • What innovative tools and therapies do child life specialists use? • What techniques do child life specialists use to alleviate stress for young patients? • How do child life specialists help educate families? • How do child life specialists tailor their methods based on the age of the child? • How do child life specialists help parents and health care providers have challenging conversations? The Child Life Services team is a versatile group that uses play, music, creative arts, and technology to help patients and families adjust to and understand health care. Tune in and discover how they're dedicated to making your entire family's health care journey more manageable.

You anticipate and celebrate the big moments in your child's life – from their first steps to their high school graduation. But what about the less-obvious milestones, like the last trip to their pediatric doctor and their first visit to an adult provider? Lots of families don't think about these changes until they’re happening — which can lead to gaps in care. Fortunately, proactive planning can help make the transition smoother — especially for young people managing chronic health conditions. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold discusses transitioning to adult care with Dr. Ahmet Uluer, director of Boston Children's BRIDGES Adult Transition Program and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Program. Together, they explore the rationale behind transitioning and practical strategies for ensuring a seamless shift in health care providers, answering questions such as: • Why do teens need help transitioning from pediatric to adult health care providers? • What does "hybrid" or "co-production" of care entail? • Why is it important to have a transition plan as your teen approaches adulthood? • How do the areas of expertise differ between adult and pediatric health care providers? • How does the Boston Children’s BRIDGES Adult Transition Program facilitate seamless transitions for patients to adult health care providers? • What is the difference between a transition and a transfer? • Where can parents look for a local care transition program? • Why is empathy a crucial component for caregivers involved in the process of transitioning to adult health care providers? • How do pediatric and adult care approaches differ, and why is this significant during the transition phase? • What are some typical health conditions that prompt families to develop a transition plan from pediatric to adult health care for seamless health care management? • When is the best time to transition care from pediatric to adult health care providers? • Are there any signs that someone is ready to transition care to adult health care providers? • What does the care transition process look like for families and patients? • How does the transition from pediatric care to adult care contribute to the overall improvement of health care delivery? Transitioning from pediatric to adult health care providers is just another milestone. Embracing it will empower your child to be confident entering the next phase of their health care journey.

You may not realize it, but you could know someone with cleft lip or cleft palate — conditions that occur when a baby’s lip or mouth do not form properly during pregnancy. That’s because while these diagnoses can be an unwelcome surprise for families, they are very treatable. In this episode, our host Dr. Jennifer Arnold discusses cleft lip and cleft palate with Dr. Carolyn Rogers-Vizena, an attending physician in Boston Children's Cleft and Craniofacial Center and the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery. Together, they share information and recommendations for families, answering questions like: • What are cleft lip and cleft palate, and what is the difference between them? • How and when are cleft lip and cleft palate diagnosed? • What causes cleft lip and cleft palate? • What are some misconceptions related to cleft lip and palate? • What are the treatment plans for cleft lip and cleft palate? • Who is part of the care team for cleft lip and cleft palate? • How is simulation involved in surgical training for cleft lip and palate? • What are some possible complications if a child is not treated? • What research is currently being conducted in this area? It may sound like a daunting diagnosis, but both cleft lip and cleft palate can be repaired and cared for over time.

In this episode of Boston Children’s Answers Parentcast, we focus on a crucial subject for expecting parents: prenatal care. Dr. Jennifer Arnold is joined by nurse Olivia Oppel, the Clinical Coordinator at Boston Children’s Fetal Care and Surgery Center. Together, they provide valuable advice and insights on monitoring fetal development to help expecting parents navigate the journey to parenthood with confidence. Listen or watch the episode for answers to questions like: • What is prenatal screening? • What types of prenatal tests are available? • What can an ultrasound detect, and what are the different ultrasound levels used? • When can parents first see the fetus's anatomy during a prenatal scan? • When are abnormalities typically detected in prenatal testing? • Which prenatal tests involve more detailed procedures? • When do genetic counselors typically get involved to discuss possible genetic testing? • What factors should parents consider when choosing which prenatal tests to undergo? • If something unusual is found during prenatal screening, what are the next steps for parents? • What is a maternal fetal medicine specialist? • What forms of advanced imaging can help diagnose fetal issues in utero? • Can some conditions be treated in utero? • Who makes up the multidisciplinary care team at Boston Children’s Fetal Care and Surgery Center? • How does the team plan for delivery and post-birth care? • Does Boston Children’s Fetal Care and Surgery Center collaborate with obstetric hospitals? • What innovations are advancing the field of fetal surgery and medicine? Whether you’re expecting or know someone who is, this episode offers expert insights into how to navigate the excitement and unknowns of pregnancy with confidence and care.

Dental visits can be daunting for children, often causing fear and apprehension, which adults can also relate to. However, there are effective strategies available to parents and dentists to ease these anxieties and prepare children for their time in the dental chair. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold discusses how to alleviate dental anxiety with Dr. Elaine Smyth, a pediatric dentist at Boston Children's Department of Dentistry. Together, they answer questions such as: • Why is it important to visit the dentist regularly? • At what age should kids start visiting the dentist? • How often should kids visit the dentist? • What are the risks of avoiding dental care? • What factors should parents consider when choosing a dentist for their child? • What are some common reasons kids fear visiting the dentist? • How do dentists manage children's anxiety during dental visits? • Are there specific populations for whom dental visits are more challenging? • How do dentists address anxiety in these populations? • Is sedation an option for children with significant dental anxiety? • Until what age should parents help their child brush their teeth? Oral health is important for overall health, so children should start early. If your child feels anxious about dental visits, discuss it with them openly. Then, consult their dentist to address and ease any worries they may have.

Many people have heard of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but not everyone really understands it. The saying goes “If you’ve met one person with autism, then you’ve met one person with autism,” meaning that it presents itself in many different ways. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold discusses the nuances of ASD with Dr. Sarah Spence, a pediatric neurologist and co-director of Boston Children's Autism Spectrum Center. Together, they answer questions such as: • What is autism spectrum disorder ? • What causes ASD? • Is there any scientific evidence linking pediatric vaccines to ASD? • What challenges do children or young adults with ASD often face? • Is autisms becoming more common? • Is ASD more prevalent in a particular gender? • How is ASD diagnosed? • At what age is autism typically diagnosed? • What are the treatment options available for people with ASD? • How can we foster a more inclusive environment for kids and adults with ASD? • What are some common strengths observed in people with ASD? While people with ASD may have some unique challenges compared with someone neurotypical, they may also have some unique strengths. Getting a diagnosis is the first step to receiving the support and accommodation they need to thrive.

Whether you’re a new parent or just ready to make a change, choosing a pediatrician is one of the most important decisions you can make for your family’s health. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold chats with special guest Dr. Valentine Esposito, a physician at Boston Children’s Primary Care Center and the Martha Elliot Health Center, to get answers to questions like:

 

• What are some of the logistical considerations in choosing a pediatrician?
• Who should parents talk with for word-of-mouth recommendations?
• How important is a provider’s communication style?
• Is telehealth something to ask about?
• How do you address mental health when choosing a provider?

 

Ultimately, every pediatrician wants you to find the right fit for your family. If you’re worried you didn't choose the ideal pediatrician, keep looking — it’s never too late to make a change.

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Links:

Learn more about Boston Children’s Primary Care Center

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In this episode, Dr. Jennifer Arnold is joined by Boston Children's pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Nora Renthal to to dive into the vital topic of bone health and growth in children. Dr. Renthal explains how to monitor and support a child’s growth, the significance of bone health, and the role of Boston Children’s Bone Health Program in providing comprehensive care. Key questions they answer include: • How can parents help maintain their children’s bone health? • Why are calcium and vitamin D crucial for bone health? • What role does exercise play in bone health? • What are the risk factors for children with poor bone health? • What factors contribute to bone strength in children? • What gives kids’ bones flexibility? • Do premature babies face unique bone health challenges? • What environmental factors can lead to bone disease? • How do doctors assess concerns about a child’s growth? • What methods do clinicians use to determine a child’s growth potential? • Who is involved in the multidisciplinary Bone Health Program at Boston Children’s? • What current research is advancing our understanding of bone health? • What are Dr. Renthal’s Doctor’s Orders for maintaining bone health? Short stature is not necessarily a cause for concern. A thorough evaluation by healthcare professionals can determine if medical intervention is required. Regardless, parents hould focus on their child’s overall health and well-being rather than solely on height.

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions affecting children and young adults worldwide. But what should you do if your child is diagnosed with diabetes, and how can you best care for them? In this episode, Dr. Jennifer Arnold sits down with Dr. Katherine Garvey, director of the diabetes program and clinical chief for diabetes at Boston Children's Hospital, to explore these questions. Together, they address important topics like: • What are the different types of diabetes? • What causes type 1 versus type 2 diabetes? • Is diabetes genetic, and are some populations more at risk? • What are the key signs and symptoms parents should look out for? • How common is diabetes in children, and how is it diagnosed? • What are the latest treatments and technologies available for managing diabetes? • What happens if diabetes isn’t properly managed? • Who makes up the Boston Children's care team for kids with diabetes? • How does physical activity affect diabetes care? • How can parents support their child’s emotional well-being while managing diabetes? • What cutting-edge research is being conducted on diabetes? • What are Dr. Garvey’s doctor's orders for parents managing their child's diabetes? With the right tools, education, and support, diabetes doesn't have to hold your child back. Tune in to learn more about how you can help your child thrive.

The rate of childhood obesity has more than tripled since the 1960s, and today obesity affects almost 20 percent of children. A variety of elements play a role in obesity — and sometimes eating healthy and leading an active lifestyle aren’t enough to counteract it. Today, weight loss medications and even bariatric surgery are options for some children diagnosed with obesity. probably even seen commercials for popular weight loss drugs — but are they right for kids? In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold explores weight loss medications for children with Dr. Margaret Stefater Richards, a physician and researcher here at Boston Children's Division of Endocrinology. Together, they address questions such as: • What causes obesity in kids? • Does obesity impact a child’s psychosocial health? • What are the potential long-term consequences if childhood obesity is not treated? • What are the available treatment options for kids with obesity? • Which medications can be used to help manage obesity in kids? • How does a clinician decide which medication to prescribe? • What are the potential side effects of weight loss medications? • Is there a risk of regaining weight if kids stop taking the medication? • Should patients with difficulty accessing these medicines through their doctors try dupes? There are many factors to consider when deciding on the right treatment option for your child. We take all these factors into account when offering weight loss medications to eligible patients.

The teenage years can be both exciting and challenging for parents and teens. In this episode, Dr. Jennifer Arnold is joined by Dr. Pamela Murray, an attending physician at Boston Children's Hospital's Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine. Together, they dive into the unique healthcare needs of adolescents, answering key questions, including: • What is adolescent medicine? • What age range does adolescent medicine cover? • Which conditions are commonly treated within adolescent medicine? • What sets adolescent medicine apart from other medical specialties? • What specialized programs does Boston Children’s Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine offer? • When should you consider seeking out an adolescent medicine specialist for your teen? • What are the current areas of research in adolescent medicine? If you’ve ever wondered whether your teen could benefit from specialized care during these formative years, this episode offers valuable insights and practical advice. Tune in to learn more about supporting your teen’s health and well-being.

It’s a frequent question for parents: Is my baby, child, or teen getting enough sleep? Parents tend to worry regardless of their child’s age, and for good reason — many kids aren’t getting the sleep they need. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold is joined by Dr. Judith Owens of Boston Children's Sleep Center. Together they delve into the critical importance of sleep for children, share advice for families, and answer questions such as: • Why is sleep important? • How much sleep is needed for various ages? • What are some helpful tips for going to bed and waking up? • What are the signs my child may be experiencing a sleep issue? • What kind of research is Boston Children’s doing about sleep? • How do school start times impact my child’s sleep? • Could melatonin help my child sleep? • When should I take my child to a sleep specialist? Sleep is important. It impacts cognitive function, mood, memory, and many other things. Do what you can to help your child get the rest they need; consistency is the key to success. And if your child is experiencing a sleep issue, take them to see a sleep doctor with a sleep lab experienced in studying children.

Genes provide information/instructions that influence everything about you and your child, from the color of your eyes to the intricate functioning of your body. When a gene is missing or doesn’t work correctly, it can lead to various health issues. Enter gene therapy — a revolutionary technique that uses a person’s genes to treat or even cure diseases. In this episode, Dr. Jennifer Arnold talks with Dr. Christine Duncan, medical director of clinical research and clinical development, at Boston Children’s Gene Therapy Program. Together, they delve into the transformative impact of gene therapy on pediatric health care, especially in addressing rare diseases. Explore key questions with them, such as: • What are genetic mutations? • How does gene therapy work? • What makes gene therapy unique as a form of treatment? • Which pediatric diseases have FDA approved gene therapies today? • How does one learn if a gene therapy clinical trial exists for a specific condition? • Is gene therapy considered a safe approach? • What does the future of gene therapy look like? Get ready for a fascinating journey into the world of gene therapy and its profound impact on the future of health care — especially for kids.

In a world filled with what people commonly call "kid food" – typically meaning highly processed and low nutrient options like boxed mac 'n cheese or chicken nuggets – it is important to help your kids establish healthy eating habits. In this episode, host Dr. Jennifer Arnold discusses the importance of a balanced, nutritious diet with licensed clinical nutrition specialist Carolina Ruiz-Valenzuela. Together, they answer questions such as: • What is healthy eating? • Why do people often avoid choosing a healthy diet? • What are the health risks of an unbalanced diet? • What is the glycemic index, and how can your family eat based on the glycemic index? • What should we look for when choosing which carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to eat? • What are the best ways to hydrate? • How can parents tell if their child’s diet is off? Remember, you are what you eat. Help your kids embrace a balanced diet, eat the correct portion size, and understand their hunger cues. When we instill this early on, we empower our kids to become lifelong healthy eaters.