Bears and Brews (Bears and Brews Podcast)

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On our very first episode we dive into the 8 bear species of the world, which is the most unkempt (least kempt?), and an overview of the show.

Sources:

Kumar, V., Lammers, F., Bidon, T. et al. The evolutionary history of bears is characterized by gene flow across species. Sci Rep 7, 46487 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46487

The eight (8) bear species of the world: Bear with us. Bear With Us | Black Bear Rehabilitation, Education, Research, Bear Facts. (2020, February 6). https://bearwithus.org/8-bears-of-the-world/ 

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Strap in for this long Grizzly Bear episode full of rants and tangents, but apparently not enough swearing for our listeners.

Links We Discussed:

https://www.cambridgeblog.org/2020/11/the-relationship-between-bears-and-humans/

https://greateryellowstone.org/

https://www.vitalground.org/

https://y2y.net/

Sources:

Blood, D. (2002). Grizzly Bears In British Columbia. British Columbia Ministry of Water Land and Air Protection. http://wwwt.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/grzzlybear.pdf

Kumar, V., Lammers, F., Bidon, T. et al. The evolutionary history of bears is characterized by gene flow across species. Sci Rep 7, 46487 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46487

Wang, MS., Murray, G.G.R., Mann, D. et al. A polar bear paleogenome reveals extensive ancient gene flow from polar bears into brown bears. Nat Ecol Evol6, 936–944 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-022-01753-8

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Join us for this episode all about moose, where we answer the age old question: if moose had a dating app, what would it be called?

Sources:

Gerhold, Richard. “Elaeophorosis in Animals - Integumentary System.” Merck Veterinary Manual, Merck & Co, Sept. 2019, www.merckvetmanual.com/integumentary-system/helminths-of-the-skin/elaeophorosis-in-animals.

Lambert, Lauren Owens. “As Maine’s Winters Shorten, Tiny Ticks Threaten State’s Mighty Moose.” U.S. News and World Report, 28 Oct. 2022, www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-10-28/as-maines-winters-shorten-tiny-ticks-threaten-states-mighty-moose.

Stahler, Daniel R, et al. “Foraging and Feeding Ecology of the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus): Lessons from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA.” The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 136, no. 7, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/136.7.1923s.

Wolf, Tiffany M., et al. “NEONATE HEALTH AND CALF MORTALITY IN A DECLINING POPULATION OF NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE (ALCES ALCES AMERICANUS).” Journal of Wildlife Diseases, vol. 57, no. 1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-20-00049.

Zuckerman, Laura. “Brain-Attacking Worm Linked to Decline of Wyoming Moose.” Reuters, Reuters, 7 Oct. 2011, www.reuters.com/article/us-moose-wyoming/brain-attacking-worm-linked-to-decline-of-wyoming-moose-idUSTRE79706B20111008. 

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Fat Bear Week is here! Crack a beer, catch some salmon, and listen to us talk about these bulging bears!

Links Mentioned:

https://explore.org/livecams

www.fatbearweek.org

https://www.friendsofmcneilriver.org/

https://katmaiconservancy.org/

https://www.nps.gov/katm/index.htm

Bears falling off Brooks Falls: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ad3Em2r7YMM

Short history of Fat Bear Week: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pIRPPjfaHsA

Sources Cited:

Kaufman, M. (2022, October 9). The fat bears sense the world in an extraordinary way. Mashable. https://mashable.com/article/bear-sense-of-smell

Mangipane, L. S., Lafferty, D. J., Joly, K., Sorum, M. S., Cameron, M. D., Belant, J. L., Hilderbrand, G. V., & Gustine, D. D. (2020). Dietary plasticity and the importance of salmon to brown bear (Ursus arctos) body size and condition in a low Arctic ecosystem. Polar Biology, 43(7), 825–833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02690-7

Metz, R. (2021, October 2). Is that bear fat or just Chonky? lasers may help scientists find out | CNN business. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/02/tech/fat-bear-week-lidar-weight/index.html

U.S. Department of the Interior. (2020, December 29). Bear Nose. National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/teachers/classrooms/bear-nose.htm#:~:text=It’s%20a%20bear’s%20sense%20of,to%20this%20super%20sniffing%20ability%3F

U.S. Department of the Interior. (2021, April 16). Brown Bear Frequently asked questions. National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/katm/learn/photosmultimedia/brown-bear-frequently-asked-questions.htm#:~:text=A%20lot!,and%20eat%20considerably%20less%20fish.

U.S. Department of the Interior. (2023, September 21). Fat Bear Week. National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/katm/learn/fat-bear-week.htm 

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On this Microbruin minisode we talk about safe distances for wildlife watching! Check out these resources for more information:

https://www.fws.gov/story/wildlife-viewing

https://www.nps.gov/subjects/watchingwildlife/7ways.htm

https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1563/submit-a-tip.htm

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Press play for Part 1 of our discussion about Mountain Lions! Since Pam is joined by Charlotte while Salome moves we decided to split this episode into our first two-parter!

Please rate, review, subscribe, and share!

Links we discussed:

https://cougarfund.org/about-the-cougar/historical-timeline/

https://mountainlion.org/

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/pumas-mountain-lions-cougars-society-social-cats-animals

https://projectcoyote.org/carnivores/mountain-lion/ 

https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/fa8dd05e49304258a169f218b66e77c4

Sources Cited:

Domingo, L., Tomassini, R. L., Montalvo, C. I., Sanz-Pérez, D., & Alberdi, M. T. (2020). The Great American Biotic Interchange Revisited: A new perspective from the stable isotope record of Argentine Pampas Fossil Mammals. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58575-6

Elbroch, L. M., Levy, M., Lubell, M., Quigley, H., & Caragiulo, A. (2017). Adaptive Social Strategies in a solitary carnivore. Science Advances, 3(10).

https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701218

Elbroch, L. M., O’Malley, C., Peziol, M., & Quigley, H. B. (2017). Vertebrate diversity benefiting from Carrion provided by Pumas and other subordinate, Apex Felids. Biological Conservation, 215, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.026

Greshko, M. (2021, May 3). Once thought Loners, Cougars revealed to have rich society. Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/pumas-mountain-lions-cougars-society-social-cats-animals

Hansen, K. (1995). Cougar the American lion. Northland Publishing.

Mammal with the most names. Guinness World Records. (2023). https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/78143-mammal-with-the-most-names

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In this episode we wrap up our mountain lion discussion! We finally tell our mountain lion story, talk about a certain coyote, and go over several methods of non-lethal predator control.

Please rate, review, subscribe, and share!

Links we discussed:

https://cougarfund.org/about-the-cougar/historical-timeline/

https://greateryellowstone.org/podcast/09

https://mountainlion.org/

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/pumas-mountain-lions-cougars-society-social-cats-animals

https://ondisneyplus.disney.com/show/animals-up-close-with-bertie-gregory

https://projectcoyote.org/carnivores/mountain-lion/ 

https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/fa8dd05e49304258a169f218b66e77c4

Sources Cited:

Domingo, L., Tomassini, R. L., Montalvo, C. I., Sanz-Pérez, D., & Alberdi, M. T. (2020). The Great American Biotic Interchange Revisited: A new perspective from the stable isotope record of Argentine Pampas Fossil Mammals. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58575-6

Elbroch, L. M., Levy, M., Lubell, M., Quigley, H., & Caragiulo, A. (2017). Adaptive Social Strategies in a solitary carnivore. Science Advances, 3(10). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701218

Elbroch, L. M., O’Malley, C., Peziol, M., & Quigley, H. B. (2017). Vertebrate diversity benefiting from Carrion provided by Pumas and other subordinate, Apex Felids. Biological Conservation, 215, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.026

Greshko, M. (2021, May 3). Once thought Loners, Cougars revealed to have rich society. Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/pumas-mountain-lions-cougars-society-social-cats-animals

Hansen, K. (1995). Cougar the American lion. Northland Publishing.

Mammal with the most names. Guinness World Records. (2023). https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/78143-mammal-with-the-most-names

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Surprise! If you’re looking for some afternoon delight, we’re here to fill that role. In this not-so-mini-episode we discuss the recent accident involving grizzly bear 610, driving in and around wild spaces, and how to be more wildlife- and people- friendly behind the wheel.

Visit linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast while our website is under construction!

Links We Discussed:

https://defenders.org/sites/default/files/publications/collision_facts_and_figures.pdf

https://jhwildlife.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/2021to2022_WVC_SummaryReport-1.pdf

https://www.nature.org/content/dam/tnc/nature/en/documents/wyoming-impacts-of-roads-on-wildlife.pdf

Sources Cited:

Flores, Kimberly. “Cameras at Parleys Canyon Wildlife Overpass Show Plenty of Animal Traffic.” KPCW, 7 Feb. 2023, www.kpcw.org/park-city/2023-02-06/cameras-at-parleys-canyon-wildlife-overpass-show-plenty-of-animal-traffic.

Heinz, Mark. “Wyoming’s Beloved Grizzly 610 Struck by Semi; Languished by Road for Hours.” Cowboy State Daily, 10 Oct. 2023, cowboystatedaily.com/2023/10/10/wyomings-beloved-grizzly-610-struck-by-semi-languished-by-road-for-hours/.

Pace, Eliza. “Parley’s Canyon Wildlife Bridge Had 706 Animal Crossings in 2021.” KSLTV.Com, 4 Jan. 2022, ksltv.com/480573/animal-crossings-parleys-canyon-wildlife-bridge-had-706-animal-crossings-in-2021/.

Riginos, Corinna. “Impacts of Roadways on Wildlife in Wyoming.” The Nature Conservancy, 2022, www.nature.org/content/dam/tnc/nature/en/documents/wyoming-impacts-of-roads-on-wildlife.pdf.

Seiler, A., and J. O. Helldin. “Mortality in wildlife due to transportation.” The Ecology of Transportation: Managing Mobility for the Environment, 2006, pp. 165–189, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4504-2_8.

Skroch, Matt, and Tom St. Hilaire. “Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions Are a Big and Costly Problem and Congress Can Help.” The Pew Charitable Trusts, 10 May 2021, www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2021/05/10/wildlife-vehicle-collisions-are-a-big-and-costly-problem-and-congress-can-help.

“Watch out for Wildlife Fact Sheet - Defenders of Wildlife.” Defenders of Wildlife, defenders.org/sites/default/files/publications/collision_facts_and_figures.pdf.

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Hold onto your salmon because Salome actually has a drink in this episode! We’ll catch everyone up to speed, discuss American Black Bears, and throw out some stats about what large carnivore is most likely to prey on humans.

Links We Discussed:

https://katmaiconservancy.org/products/stuffy-bear-w-salmon-15-5

https://www.wcs.org/our-work/species/black-bears

Sources Cited:

“Black Bear Population by State.” World Population Review, Feb. 2023, worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/black-bear-population-by-state.

Bombieri, G., et al. “Brown Bear Attacks on Humans: A Worldwide Perspective.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 12 June 2019, www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-44341-w.

Herrero, Stephen, et al. “Fatal attacks by American black bear on people: 1900–2009.” The Journal of Wildlife Management, vol. 75, no. 3, 2011, pp. 596–603, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.72.

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Hang out with the THREE of us while Pam gives an update on delayed implantation, Charlotte gives a play-by-play of the video today’s discussion is centered around, and Salome isn’t mad about the main topic: she’s just disappointed.

Links We Discussed:

Video that sparked today’s talk: https://www.instagram.com/reel/CwsJ3ixLfb/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==

Find us on all the things: https://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

“Grizzly Times: Bear Knowledge - Unique Yellowstone Grizzlies.” Grizzly Times, 2022, www.grizzlytimes.org/unique-yellowstone-grizzlies.

Mattson, D.J., et al. “Geophagy by Yellowstone Grizzly Bears.” Ursus, 1 Jan. 1999, pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70035162. 

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Join us for a very passionate part 1 of our discussion on coyotes! In this episode we discuss some coyote basics and just a few of the things that make them so badass.

Find us on all the things! linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://projectcoyote.org/

https://www.predatordefense.org/coyotes.htm

https://urbancoyoteresearch.com/

Sources Cited:

Black, Riley. How Extinction Changed the Coyote, Scientific American, 12 Oct. 2016, blogs.scientificamerican.com/laelaps/how-extinction-changed-the-coyote/.

Bryant, Charles, and Josh Clark. “How Coyotes Work.” Stuff You Should Know, iHeart Media, 21 Oct. 2022, https://stuffyoushouldknow.com/episode/how-coyotes-work/.

Calfa, John, and Stephen Rivera. The Wolf Connection, 17 June 2022, https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/episode-80-project-coyote-promoting-compassionate-conservation/id1521180246?i=1000566875778.

“Coyote.” Project Coyote, 31 May 2023, projectcoyote.org/carnivores/coyote/#kill.

Draheim, Megan M. “Why Killing Coyotes Doesn’t Make Livestock Safer.” Scientific American, 31 May 2017, www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-killing-coyotes-doesn-rsquo-t-make-livestock-safer/.

Flores, Dan. Coyote America: A Natural and Supernatural History. Basic Books, 2017.

Goldman, Jason G. “Urban Coyote Evolution Favors the Bold.” Scientific American, 11 Apr. 2019, www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/urban-coyote-evolution-favors-the-bold/.

Kobilinsky, Dana. “To Chart Coyotes’ Expansion, Study Looks Back 10,000 Years.” The Wildlife Society, 8 Jan. 2023, wildlife.org/to-chart-coyotes-expansion-study-looks-back-10000-years/.

Meachen, Julie A., et al. “Ecological changes in coyotes (canis latrans) in response to the ice age megafaunal extinctions.” National Academy of Science, vol. 9, no. 12, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116041.

Terry, Lynne. “State Wildlife Officials Ban Wildlife Killing Contests on Public Land.” Oregon Capital Chronicle, 19 Sept. 2023, oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2023/09/19/state-wildlife-officials-ban-wildlife-killing-contests-on-public-land/#:~:text=The%20rule%20makes%20it%20%E2%80%9Cunlawful,New%20Mexico%2C%20Vermont%20and%20Washington. 

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Join us for an overview of what to take in your hiking pack to ensure your safety! Also, look for new episodes on Mondays and Wednesdays going forward!

Links We Discussed:

Ten Essentials: https://www.nps.gov/articles/10essentials.htm

Leave No Trace Principles: https://lnt.org/why/7-principles/

Recommended Gear List: https://www.rei.com/lists/418101064

(We do NOT earn any compensation from REI or associated brands. We just truly love the stuff on the list!)

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Love ‘em or hate ‘em, you’re going to want to give this episode about coyotes a listen! In the second part of our coyote series we discuss facts, myths, conflicts, and coexistence. Hang out with us for a candid chat about this clever canine!

Find us on all the things! linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

projectcoyote.org/take-action/promote-coexistence/

https://projectcoyote.org/resources/download-and-share/

https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/coyote-hazing

https://www.predatordefense.org/coyotes.htm

https://www.predatordefense.org/docs/coyotes_management_coexistence_plan_HSUS.pdf

https://www.predatordefense.org/docs/coyotes_conflict_solutions_HSUS.pdf

https://www.predatordefense.org/docs/coyotes_management_coexistence_plan_HSUS.pdf

https://urbancoyoteresearch.com/

Sources Cited:

Berger, Kim Murray. “Carnivore‐Livestock conflicts: Effects of subsidized predator control and economic correlates on the sheep industry.” Conservation Biology, vol. 20, no. 3, 2006, pp. 751–761, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00336.x.

Comeleo, Randy. “Using Coyotes to Protect Livestock. Wait. What?” OSU Extension Service, June 2018, extension.oregonstate.edu/animals-livestock/sheep-goats/using-coyotes-protect-livestock-wait-what.

“Conflicts: A Research Perspective.” Conflicts: A Research Perspective | Urban Coyote Research, 2023, urbancoyoteresearch.com/coyote-info/conflicts-research-perspective.

Frauenthal, Virginia M., et al. “Retrospective evaluation of Coyote attacks in dogs: 154 cases (1997–2012).” Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, vol. 27, no. 3, 2017, pp. 333–341, https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.12601.

Milman, Oliver. “‘A Barbaric Federal Program’: US Killed 1.75m Animals Last Year – or 200 per Hour.” The Guardian, 25 Mar. 2022, www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/25/us-government-wildlife-services-animals-deaths.

Ravisetti, Monisha. “Scientists Now Know Why Coyotes Unexpectedly Killed a Human in 2009.” CNET, 18 Dec. 2022,

www.cnet.com/science/biology/scientists-now-know-why-coyotes-unexpectedly-killed-a-human-in-2009/.

Way, Jon. “Biological Mechanisms for Why Killing Coyotes/Coywolves Doesn’t Work.” The Wildlife News, 7 Oct. 2011, www.thewildlifenews.com/2011/10/07/biological-mechanisms-for-why-killing-coyotescoywolves-doesn%E2%80%99t-work/.

Wuerthner, George. “Coyote Killing Is Counter-Productive.” Idaho Mountain Express Newspaper, 12 Sept. 2018, www.mtexpress.com/opinion/guest_opinions/coyote-killing-is-counter-productive/article_628b242e-b610-11e8-a52a-0b85cbf12b08.html/predators.htm. 

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On this week’s Microbruin Pam tells the true story of the infamous cocaine bear!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Larkin, Coleman. “Meet Our New Mascot: Cocaine Bear.” KY for KY Store, 19 Aug. 2015, kyforky.com/blogs/journal/cocaine-bear.

Massie, Graeme. “Cocaine Bear: True Story of Infamous Bear Who Consumed Duffel Bag of Cocaine and Got Hollywood Treatment.” The Independent, 28 Feb. 2023, www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-real-story-of-cocaine-bear-b2290895.html. 

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Tune in this week for a very special announcement followed by a conversation about the largest land carnivore in the world: the polar bear!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://www.bbcearth.com/news/saving-a-conservation-icon-the-polar-bear

https://www.mmc.gov/priority-topics/species-of-concern/polar-bear/

https://polarbearsinternational.org/

Sources Cited:

Corbley, Andy. “‘Life Finds a Way’: Polar Bears Successfully Adapt Even without as Much Sea Ice.” Good News Network, 29 June 2022, www.goodnewsnetwork.org/greenland-polar-bears-hunt-on-freshwater-ice-as-adaptation/.

Leon, Lydia. “Good News on Polar Bears, but Let’s Stay Cautious.” New Humanist, 11 Aug. 2022, newhumanist.org.uk/articles/6004/good-news-on-polar-bears-but-lets-stay-cautious.

Orndorf, Nathaniel, et al. “Polar Bear Paw Pad surface roughness and its relevance to contact mechanics on snow.” Journal of The Royal Society Interface, vol. 19, no. 196, 2 Nov. 2022, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2022.0466.

WWF Global Arctic Programme. “Good News for Polar Bears in Canada’s Central Arctic.” WWF Arctic, 13 Nov. 2020, www.arcticwwf.org/newsroom/features/good-news-for-polar-bears-in-canadas-central-arctic/.

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Give this Microbruin a listen for some best practices for how to stay safe while recreating in bear country!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Don't forget to rate, review, and subscribe!

Links We Discussed:

https://bearwise.org/bear-safety-tips/bear-encounter/

https://www.heybear.com/

https://igbconline.org/programs/bear-resistant-products/

https://www.limitlesshiker.com/blog/your-guide-to-bear-safety-while-hiking/

https://www.recsafewithwildlife.com/

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Join us today for all things sea otter! Learn about their adorable social habits, why they’re such a valuable member of the ecosystem, and why their fur coats have pockets!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://awesomeocean.com/top-stories/12-ways-can-help-sea-otters/

https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/species/mammals/sea_otter/index.html

https://defenders.org/wildlife/sea-otter

https://environmentamerica.org/articles/the-next-steps-to-protect-southern-sea-otters/

https://marine-conservation.org/sea-otters/

https://theotterproject.org/protecting-habitat

Sources Cited:

Beichman, Annabel C, et al. “Aquatic adaptation and depleted diversity: A deep dive into the genomes of the sea otter and Giant Otter.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol. 36, no. 12, 18 June 2019, pp. 2631–2655, https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz101.

Brown, Elizabeth Anne. “Wolves Hunt Sea Otters and Seals, a Startling Find.” Animals, National Geographic, 14 Nov. 2023, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/alaska-wolves-hunting-seals-sea-otters#:~:text=While%20many%20of%20us%20picture,Alaska%2C%20a%20new%20study%20says.

“Evolution Fast Track: Otter Genetic History Provides Clues for Future Recovery.” Smithsonian’s National Zoo, 21 June 2019, nationalzoo.si.edu/center-for-conservation-genomics/news/evolution-fast-track-otter-genetic-history-provides-clues-for.

Schrodt, Leah. “Sea Otters Are Unlikely Helpers in Our Fight against Climate Change: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.Gov, 15 Sept. 2022, www.fws.gov/story/2022-09/sea-otters-are-unlikely-helpers-our-fight-against-climate-change.

“Sea Otter Natural History.” Sea Otter Savvy, 2023, www.seaottersavvy.org/sea-otter-natural-history.

“Southern Sea Otter (Enhydra Lutris Nereis): U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” Fish and Wildlife Service, 2022, www.fws.gov/species/southern-sea-otter-enhydra-lutris-nereis.

“Southern Sea Otter.” Marine Mammal Commission, 30 Jan. 2023, www.mmc.gov/priority-topics/species-of-concern/southern-sea-otter/.

Timm-Davis, Lori L., and Christopher D. Marshall. “Taxonomy and evolution of sea otters.” Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Sea Otters and Polar Bears, 2021, pp. 11–22, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66796-2_2. 

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This Microbruin isn't so micro, but we threw our standards out the window a long time ago. Learn more about the terminology we use on the show, and listen to Salome try to guess the definitions!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

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It’s the episode you’ve all been waiting for: bear attacks! Hang out with us while we dig into some statistics and tell some sobering stories about what can happen when things go wrong.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://www.bearsmart.com/play/bear-encounters/

https://www.heybear.com/pages/bear-education

https://www.wolfenoot.com/

Sources Cited:

“73-Year-Old Man Attacked by Bear While Hiking in Eastern Idaho.” KTVB7, 1 June 2020, www.ktvb.com/article/sports/outdoors/73-year-old-man-attacked-by-bear-while-hiking-in-eastern-idaho/277-cbf922ee-5291-4e1e-bf09-7160581fb9c8.

“Bear-Inflicted Human Injuries and Fatalities in Yellowstone.” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 19 Nov. 2022, www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/injuries.htm.

Bombieri, G., et al. “Brown bear attacks on humans: A worldwide perspective.” Scientific Reports, vol. 9, no. 1, 12 June 2019, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44341-w.

Chappell, Bill. “The Couple Killed by a Bear in Banff Were Able to Send an SOS Text: ‘Bear Attack Bad.’” NPR, NPR, 6 Oct. 2023, www.npr.org/2023/10/06/1203928437/couple-grizzly-bear-attack-banff-sent-message.

Fike, Ellen. “West Yellowstone Man Found To Be At Fault For Fatal Grizzly Attack.” Cowboy State Daily, 10 Aug. 2021.

“Grizzly Bear Blamed for Fatal Montana Mauling and Idaho Attack Is Killed after Breaking into a House.” KTVB7, 7 Sept. 2023, www.ktvb.com/article/news/regional/grizzly-bear-killed-montana-mauling-idaho-2020-attack/277-da863e19-761e-4086-a615-3a5ac7a2d2b5.

Herrero, Stephen, et al. “Fatal attacks by American black bear on people: 1900–2009.” The Journal of Wildlife Management, vol. 75, no. 3, 2011, pp. 596–603, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.72.

McMillion, Scott. Mark of the Grizzly: Revised and Updated with More Stories of Recent Bear Attacks and the Hard Lessons Learned. Lyons Press, 2020.

Penteriani, Vincenzo, et al. “Human behaviour can trigger large carnivore attacks in developed countries.” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20552.

Snow, Kathleen. Taken by Bear in Yellowstone: More than a Century of Harrowing Encounters between Grizzlies and Humans. Lyons Press, 2016.

Whittlesey, Lee H. Death in Yellowstone: Accidents and Foolhardiness in the First National Park. Roberts Rinehart Publishers, an Imprint of Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2014.

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In today’s episode we share some wildlife wins and go over what to do if you come face to face with a bear. Share with your friends and rate, review, subscribe!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://www.bearsmart.com/play/bear-encounters/

https://www.nps.gov/subjects/bears/safety.htm

Sources Cited:

Eggert, Amanda. “BLM Bans Cyanide Bombs Used to Control Predators.” Montana Free Press, 28 Nov. 2023, montanafreepress.org/2023/11/28/blm-bans-cyanide-bombs-used-to-control-predators/#:~:text=The%20decision%20comes%20after%20conservation,245%20million%20acres%20it%20administers.&text=The%20Bureau%20of%20Land%20Management%20has%20banned%20the%20use%20of,a%20minimum%20of%20five%20years.

Herrero, Stephen. Bear Attacks: Their Causes and Avoidance. Lyons Press, 2018.

Juhlin, Ellis. “Judge Orders Shorter Wolf Trapping Season to Protect Grizzly Bears in Montana.” Montana Public Radio, 1 Dec. 2023, www.mtpr.org/montana-news/2023-11-30/groups-ask-court-to-shorten-trapping-season-to-protect-grizzly-bears.

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On this episode we welcome back Charlotte and talk bison basics. This is part 1 of 2 of our American Bison series. Give it a listen and share with your friends!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Coffey, Rebecca. “Bison versus Mammoths: New Culprit in the Disappearance of North America’s Giants.” Scientific American, 1 Mar. 2011.

Dekel, Yaron, et al. “Dispersal of an ancient retroposon in the TP53 promoter of Bovidae: Phylogeny, novel mechanisms, and potential implications for cow milk persistency.” BMC Genomics, vol. 16, no. 1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1235-8.

Harington, C.R. “Mammoths, Bison and time in North America.” Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, 1984, pp. 299–309, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5446(08)70078-5.

Mintoo, Abdul Awal, et al. “Draft genome of the River Water Buffalo.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, no. 6, 2019, pp. 3378–3388, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4965.

“Plains Bison (BISON BISON BISON.” U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, www.fws.gov/species/plains-bison-bison-bison-bison.

White, P.J, and Katrina L. Auttelet. Yellowstone Bison Conserving an American Icon in Modern Society. Yellowstone Association, 2015.

“Wood Bison Restoration in Alaska.” Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 2023, www.adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?adfg=woodbisonrestoration.herdupdates#:~:text=With%20the%20addition%20of%2028,150%20in%20November%20of%202022.

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Hang out with us on this Microbruin to hear some good news for wolverines and find out if other animals see polar bears as white!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Oppermann, Daniela, et al. “Rod-cone based color vision in seals under photopic conditions.” Vision Research, vol. 125, 2016, pp. 30–40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2016.04.009.

Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al., editors. Neuroscience. 2nd edition. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates; 2001. Cones and Color Vision. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11059/

Scholtyssek, Christine, et al. “Why do seals have cones? behavioural evidence for colour-blindness in harbour seals.” Animal Cognition, vol. 18, no. 2, 2014, pp. 551–560, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-014-0823-3.

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We’re baaaaack! Hang out with us to discuss the recent wolf release in Colorado!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

CPW Wolf Resource Guide: https://cpw.state.co.us/Documents/Wolves/Wolf_Hands-on_Resource_Guide_Depredation_Prevention.pdf

How Wolves Change Rivers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W88Sact1kws

Sources Cited:

Beschta, Bob, and William Ripple. “Studies Confirm Effect of Wolves, Elk on Tree Recovery in Yellowstone National Park.” Oregon State University, 25 Apr. 2016, today.oregonstate.edu/archives/2016/apr/studies-confirm-effect-wolves-elk-tree-recovery-yellowstone-national-park#:~:text=Elk%20numbers%20in%20Yellowstone%20have,to%20less%20than%205%2C000%20today.

Blumhardt, Miles. “Colorado Releases 5 Wolves in Reintroduction Program Approved by Voters.” USA Today, Gannett Satellite Information Network, 19 Dec. 2023, www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/12/19/colorado-wolves-reintroduction-program-voters/71968648007/.

Hesse, Tom. “What Does the Reintroduction of Wolves Mean for Colorado’s Deer and Elk Herds?” Colorado Public Radio, 24 July 2023, www.cpr.org/2023/07/24/colorado-wolf-reintroduction-deer-elk/.

Reichard, Kevin. “More Wolves = Fewer Elk = Yellowstone Aspen Comeback.” Yellowstone Insider, 4 Sept. 2018, yellowstoneinsider.com/2018/09/04/wolves-fewer-elk-yellowstone-aspen-comeback/.

Sowards, Adam. “The Slaughter of Elk at Yellowstone National Park .” JSTOR Daily, 18 Aug. 2021, daily.jstor.org/the-slaughter-of-elk-at-yellowstone-national-park/.

“Status of Colorado’s Deer, Elk, and Moose Populations .” Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Feb. 2020,

cpw.state.co.us/Documents/Hunting/BigGame/Colorado_Big_Game_Population_Status_and_Management_Summary2_2020.pdf.

Vanhoozer, Dane. “Elk Culling | Articles | Colorado Encyclopedia.” Colorado Encyclopedia, History Colorado, coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/elk-culling.

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Hey look everyone, it’s finally the second part of our bison coverage! We're back on track for the new year, so join us and a special guest to discuss The Great Slaughter of bison, conservation efforts, where we go from here, and a tragic yet unavoidable situation Pam witnessed in 2022.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Bryant, Charles, and Josh Clark. “What Saved the American Bison.” Stuff You Should Know, iHeart Media, 3 Nov. 2022, https://omny.fm/shows/stuff-you-should-know-1/what-saved-the-american-bison

Clark, Carolf. “Buffalo Slaughter Left Lasting Impact on Indigenous Peoples.” Emory University, news.emory.edu/stories/2023/08/esc_bison_impact_24-08-2023/story.html. Accessed 23 Aug. 2023.

Danielle, Mamers. “Historical Photo of Mountain of Bison Skulls Documents Animals on the Brink of Extinction.” The Conversation, 21 Sept. 2023, theconversation.com/historical-photo-of-mountain-of-bison-skulls-documents-animals-on-the-brink-of-extinction-148780.

Ehrlick, Darrell. “Environmental Groups Criticize Bison Hunt near Yellowstone National Park.” Great Falls Tribune, Partner Content, 9 Mar. 2023, www.greatfallstribune.com/story/news/2023/03/09/environmental-groups-criticize-bison-hunt-yellowstone-national-park/69990940007/.

Gammon, Katharine. “Bison Slaughter’s Destructive Legacy for Native Americans.” Inside Science, 1 Mar. 2018, www.insidescience.org/news/bison-slaughter%E2%80%99s-destructive-legacy-native-americans.

Gwadzinski. “The Photo That Saved the Bison in Yellowstone.” Yellowstone National Park, 14 June 2023, www.yellowstonepark.com/park/conservation/photo-saved-bison/.

Kuhn, Kristen, and Shana Drimal. “Where the Buffalo Roam.” Voices of Greater Yellowstone, Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. 7 Sept. 2022, https://greateryellowstone.org/podcast/10

Merchant, Carolyn. American Environmental History: An Introduction. Columbia University Press, 2007.

“People and Bison.” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 25 Sept. 2023, www.nps.gov/subjects/bison/people.htm.

“Yellowstone Buffalo Slaughter History.” Buffalo Field Campaign - West Yellowstone, Montana, www.buffalofieldcampaign.org/yellowstone-buffalo-slaughter-history.

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Join us for the most unhinged and chaotic bear quiz you’ve ever heard!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Spencer, Janet. Yellowstone Trivia Including Crossword Puzzles, Quote Quests, Word Games & More. Riverbend Pub., 2006. 

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Come along for an elk ride (not literally of course), while we attempt to stay on track while talking about these amazing ungulates!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

“Brucellosis in Wyoming Wildlife.” Wyoming Game and Fish Department, 2024, wgfd.wyo.gov/Wildlife-in-Wyoming/More-Wildlife/Wildlife-Disease/Brucellosis#:~:text=Brucellosis%20is%20a%20bacterial%20disease,pregnancies%20but%20diminish%20over%20time.

“Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD).” Department of Health, New York State, Nov. 2011, www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/zoonoses/cwd.htm#:~:text=What%20is%20chronic%20wasting%20disease,changes%2C%20excessive%20salivation%20and%20death.

“Elk Population by State (Estimates and Info).” Wildlife Informer, 10 Jan. 2021, wildlifeinformer.com/elk-population-by-state/.

Koshmrl, Mike. “Historic Die-off at Wyoming Elk Feedground Prompts Management Changes.” WyoFile, 13 Nov. 2023, wyofile.com/historic-die-off-at-wyoming-elk-feedground-prompts-management-changes/.

Peterson, Christine. “25 Years after Returning to Yellowstone, Wolves Have Helped Stabilize the Ecosystem.” National Geographic, 3 May 2021, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/yellowstone-wolves-reintroduction-helped-stabilize-ecosystem?rnd=1705561538423&loggedin=true.

The University of Montana. "How wolf predation shapes elk antler evolution." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 5 September 2018. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/09/180905113232.htm>.

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It’s finally here, part 1 of our who-knows-how-many-episode series about WOLVES! Hang out with us while we chat about some wolf basics before we delve into the polarizing facts and myths about this canid in future episodes.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Wolves of Mt. McKinley, Adolph Murie

Decade of the Wolf, Doug Smith and Gary Ferguson

Isle Royale Wolf Project

The Secret Lives of Fish-eating, Beaver-ambushing Wolves of Minnesota

Island of the Sea Wolves

Wolf Books by Rick McIntyre

Sources Cited:

“Gray Wolf.” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 25 Apr. 2023, www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/wolves.htm.

Mech, L. David. “Longevity in Wild Wolves.” Journal of Mammalogy, vol. 69, no. 1, 25 Feb. 1988, pp. 197–198, https://doi.org/10.2307/1381776.

Premo, Alyssa. “History and Distribution of the Gray Wolf in the Pacific Northwest.” Wolves in The State of Oregon, blogs.oregonstate.edu/wolves/history-and-distribution-of-the-gray-wolf-in-the-pacific-northwest/.

“United States: International Wolf Center.” International Wolf Center | Teaching the World about Wolves., 17 Dec. 2021, wolf.org/wow/united-states/.

Williams, Ted. “America’s New War on Wolves and Why It Must Be Stopped.” Yale Environment360, Yale School of Environment, 17 Feb. 2022, e360.yale.edu/features/americas-new-war-on-wolves-and-why-it-must-be-stopped#:~:text=By%201926%20all%20wolves%20had,reintroduction%20from%20the%20get%2Dgo.

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Tune in for updates about bobcats and lynx! We explain a new management plan for lynx and talk about how bobcats and other wild cats can help reduce Chronic Wasting Disease!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Draft Recovery Plan for Lynx

Bobcat Management Plan in New York State

Sources Cited:

“Canada Lynx Draft Recovery Plan Available for Public Review & Comment: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.Gov, 1 Dec. 2023, www.fws.gov/press-release/2023-12/canada-lynx-draft-recovery-plan-available-public-review-comment.

“New York DEC Releases Updated Bobcat Management Plan for Public Comment.” Outdoor News, 18 Jan. 2024, www.outdoornews.com/2024/01/18/new-york-dec-releases-updated-bobcat-management-plan-for-public-comment/.

Peterson, Christine. “Carnivores and Scavengers Could Help Reduce CWD.” WyoFile, 27 Dec. 2023, wyofile.com/carnivores-and-scavengers-could-help-reduce-cwd/#:~:text=have%20been%20promising.-,Only%202%25%20of%20the%20chronic%20wasting%20disease%20prions%20that%20go,three%20there’s%20none%20at%20all.

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Join us for part two of our wolf mini-series! In this episode we share some wolf news out of California, discuss the social dynamics of wolves, and talk enough about the Twilight werewolves that you may think we’re fans (even though we are NOT.) 

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Yellowstone Wolf Pack Info

Sources Cited:

“How Do Wolves Communicate? International Wolf Center.” International Wolf Center | Teaching the World about Wolves., 25 Apr. 2023, wolf.org/wolf-info/basic-wolf-info/biology-and-behavior/communication/#:~:text=Wolves’%20vocalizations%20can%20be%20separated,is%20used%20as%20a%20warning.

Murie, Adolph. The Wolves of Mount McKinley. U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1944.

“New California Wolf Packs in Lassen and Plumas Counties Named.” Lake County News, 31 Jan. 2024, lakeconews.com/news/77687-new-california-wolf-packs-in-lassen-and-plumas-counties-named#:~:text=The%20Beyem%20Seyo%20pack%20has,of%20two%20adults%20and%20six.

Smith, Douglas W., and Gary Ferguson. Decade of the Wolf: Returning the Wild to Yellowstone. Lyons Press, 2012.

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Another Grizz Quiz, but this time Salome and Charlotte try to identify grizzly vs black bears with a handful of photos! Go to our Instagram or Facebook for the photos and play along as we go!

http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

www.facebook.com/bearsandbrewspodcast

www.instagram.com/bearsandbrewspodcast

https://henrysforkwildlifealliance.org/

https://islandparkbears.org/

Unlicensed photos used with permission by: P. Strickland, T. Jorgensen, M. Kluckhohn

Sources Cited:

Bartlett, Amanda. “Beavers Released into California Wild for the First Time in 75 Years.” SF Gate, 2023, www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/california-beavers-released-in-wild-18569060.php. 

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Join us for another one of the eight bear species of the world: the giant panda! Find out why we can alllll relate to this iconic species, and guess how many times Charlotte can annoy Pam by bringing up Neanderthals!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Ashworth, James. “Giant Pandas’ Supercharged Gut Takes Advantage of Changing Seasons.” Natural History Museum, 19 Jan. 2022, www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2022/january/giant-pandas-supercharged-gut-takes-advantage-changing-seasons.html#:~:text=Many%20of%20its%20genes%20produce,help%20it%20digest%20its%20meals.

Guo, Wei, et al. “The carnivorous digestive system and bamboo diet of giant pandas may shape their low gut bacterial diversity.” Conservation Physiology, vol. 8, no. 1, 1 Jan. 2020, https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coz104.

“History of the Giant Panda.” WWF, 8 June 2004, wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?13588%2FHistory-of-the-Giant-Panda.

Hunt, Katie. “Pandas Evolved Their Most Perplexing Feature at Least 6 Million Years Ago.” CNN, 30 June 2022, www.cnn.com/2022/06/30/asia/ancient-panda-bamboo-thumb-sixth-digit-scn/index.html.

Krause, Johannes, et al. “Mitochondrial genomes reveal an explosive radiation of extinct and extant bears near the miocene-pliocene boundary.” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 8, no. 1, 28 July 2008, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-220.

Pruitt-Young, Sharon. “Finally Some Good News! China Says Giant Pandas Are No Longer Endangered.” NPR, NPR, 9 July 2021, www.npr.org/2021/07/09/1014593425/china-giant-pandas-endangered-vulnerable-iucn#:~:text=The%20International%20Union%20for%20Conservation%20of%20Nature%20removed%20giant%20pandas,officials%20challenged%20at%20the%20time.

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It's Microbruin Monday! Pam may or may not be a bit buzzed for this episode, we can neither confirm nor deny. Either way, hang out with us while we talk about a special population of Whitetail Deer in upstate New York, the Seneca White Deer!

http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

“Deer Haven Park - Official Site of the Seneca White Deer Tours.” Deer Haven Park - Official Site of the Seneca White Deer Tours, 2 Feb. 2024, deerhavenpark.org/. 

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Part 3 of our mini-series on wolves outlines the reintroduction of the gray wolf to Yellowstone in 1995 and 1996. Hang out with us this weekend and join the madness!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

“Service Announces Gray Wolf Finding and National Recovery Plan: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.Gov, 2 Feb. 2024, www.fws.gov/press-release/2024-02/service-announces-gray-wolf-finding-and-national-recovery-plan.

Smith, Douglas W., and Gary Ferguson. Decade of the Wolf: Returning the Wild to Yellowstone. Lyons Press, 2012.

Williams, Ted. “America’s New War on Wolves and Why It Must Be Stopped.” Yale Environment360, Yale School of Environment, 17 Feb. 2022, e360.yale.edu/features/americas-new-war-on-wolves-and-why-it-must-be-stopped#:~:text=By%201926%20all%20wolves%20had,reintroduction%20from%20the%20get%2Dgo.

“Wolf Restoration.” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 27 Apr. 2023, www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/wolf-restoration.htm.

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Hang out with Pam and Salome for a DAM fun Microbruin about the decommissioning of dams along the Klamath and Snake Rivers, and the benefits to fish and ecosystems!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Video from American Rivers: https://youtu.be/e5lcP_9ateE

Sources Cited:

Biden, Joseph. “Memorandum on Restoring Healthy and Abundant Salmon, Steelhead, and Other Native Fish Populations in the Columbia River Basin.” The White House, The United States Government, 27 Sept. 2023, www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/09/27/memorandum-on-restoring-healthy-and-abundant-salmon-steelhead-and-other-native-fish-populations-in-the-columbia-river-basin/.

Brown, Karina. “Efforts of Tribes Pay off in Historic Agreement on Snake River Dam Removals.” OregonLive, 27 Dec. 2023, www.oregonlive.com/environment/2023/12/efforts-of-tribes-pay-off-in-historic-agreement-on-snake-river-dam-removals.html.

Helmer, Jodi. “In the Columbia–Snake River Basin, Salmon Are Losing Their Way.” Natural Resources Defense Council, 18 July 2018, www.nrdc.org/stories/columbia-snake-river-basin-salmon-are-losing-their-way.

Neville, Helen. “The Science Is Clear: Snake River Dams Kill Too Many Fish.” Trout Unlimited, 15 July 2021, www.tu.org/magazine/conservation/the-science-is-clear-snake-river-dams-kill-too-many-fish/.

Smith, Anna. “Lower Snake River Dams Closer to Coming down with New Agreement.” High Country News, 31 Jan. 2024, www.hcn.org/articles/dams-lower-snake-river-dams-closer-to-coming-down-with-new-agreement/.

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Episode 4 of our wolf mini-series is LIT! Listen for even more snark and swearing than usual while we talk about some of the effects wolf reintroduction has had on the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Beschta, Bob, and William Ripple. “Studies Confirm Effect of Wolves, Elk on Tree Recovery in Yellowstone National Park.” Oregon State University, 25 Apr. 2016, today.oregonstate.edu/archives/2016/apr/studies-confirm-effect-wolves-elk-tree-recovery-yellowstone-national-park#:~:text=Elk%20numbers%20in%20Yellowstone%20have,to%20less%20than%205%2C000%20today.

BLAKESLEE, NATE. American Wolf: A True Story of Survival and Obsession in the West. BROADWAY Books, 2018.

Farquhar, Brodie. “Wolf Reintroduction Changes Ecosystem in Yellowstone.” Yellowstone National Park, 22 June 2023, www.yellowstonepark.com/things-to-do/wildlife/wolf-reintroduction-changes-ecosystem.

Painter, Luke E., et al. “Aspen recruitment in the Yellowstone region linked to reduced herbivory after large carnivore restoration.” Ecosphere, vol. 9, no. 8, 30 Aug. 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2376.

Reichard, Kevin. “More Wolves = Fewer Elk = Yellowstone Aspen Comeback.” Yellowstone Insider, 4 Sept. 2018, yellowstoneinsider.com/2018/09/04/wolves-fewer-elk-yellowstone-aspen-comeback/.

Smith, Douglas W., and Gary Ferguson. Decade of the Wolf: Returning the Wild to Yellowstone. Lyons Press, 2012.

Williams, Ted. “America’s New War on Wolves and Why It Must Be Stopped.” Yale Environment360, Yale School of Environment, 17 Feb. 2022, e360.yale.edu/features/americas-new-war-on-wolves-and-why-it-must-be-stopped#:~:text=By%201926%20all%20wolves%20had,reintroduction%20from%20the%20get%2Dgo.

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You get a beaver, you get a beaver, you get a beaver! After a hiatus filled with moving, snowstorms, vacations, and another surgery WE ARE BACK, and you do not want to miss this inuendo-filled episode about America’s largest rodent. This episode is filled with some amazing facts, beaver bummers, merkin talk, and even zombies.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://beaversnw.org/

https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/The-Beaver-Restoration-Guidebook-v2.02_0.pdf

https://youtu.be/APLz2bTprMA

Sources Cited:

Doronina, Liliya, et al. “The Beaver’s phylogenetic lineage illuminated by Retroposon reads.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, 3 Mar. 2017, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43562.

Egly, Rachel M., and Eric R. Larson. “Distribution, habitat associations, and conservation status updates for the pilose crayfish Pacifastacus gambelii (Girard, 1852) and Snake River pilose crayfish Pacifastacus connectens (Faxon, 1914) of the western United States.” PeerJ, vol. 6, 27 Sept. 2018, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5668.

Goldfarb, Ben. “Beavers Are the Ultimate Ecosystem Engineers.” Sierra Club, 3 July 2018, www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2018-4-july-august/feature/beavers-are-ultimate-ecosystem-engineers.

Goldman, Jason. “Once Upon A Time, The Catholic Church Decided That Beavers Were Fish.” Scientific American, 23 May 2013, www.scientificamerican.com/blog/thoughtful-animal/once-upon-a-time-the-catholic-church-decided-that-beavers-were-fish/#:~:text=Since%20the%20semi%2Daquatic%20rodent,a%20fish%20for%20dietary%20purposes.

Horn, Susanne, et al. “Mitochondrial genomes reveal slow rates of molecular evolution and the timing of speciation in Beavers (castor), one of the largest rodent species.” PLoS ONE, vol. 6, no. 1, 28 Jan. 2011, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014622.

Kitchener, Andrew. Beavers. Whittet, 2001.

Learn, Joshua. “Beaver Dams Control Nitrogen Flow in Northeastern Rivers.” The Wildlife Society, 19 Nov. 2015, wildlife.org/beaver-dams-control-nitrogen-flow-in-northeastern-rivers/.

“N. America’s Earliest Beaver Found Near Dayville.” KTVZ, 19 Sept. 2011, web.archive.org/web/20110925014013/http:/www.ktvz.com/news/29230615/detail.html.

Rozell, Ned. “Beavers Not Always to Blame for Beaver Fever.” University of Alaska Fairbanks, 19 Aug. 2021, www.uaf.edu/news/beavers-not-always-to-blame-for-fever-8-19-21.php.

Tyrrell, Ethan. “How 200,000 Beavers Took over Part of Argentina.” Cracked.Com, Cracked.com, 24 Jan. 2022, www.cracked.com/article_32484_how-200000-beavers-took-over-part-of-argentina.html.

“Why Super-Sized Beavers Went Extinct: Earth.” EarthSky, 2 June 2019, earthsky.org/earth/why-giant-beavers-went-extinct/.

Wright, Samantha. “Parachuting Beavers into Idaho’s Wilderness? Yes, It Really Happened.” Boise State Public Radio, Boise State Public Radio, 14 Jan. 2015, www.boisestatepublicradio.org/environment/2015-01-14/parachuting-beavers-into-idahos-wilderness-yes-it-really-happened.

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Join us for this Not-So-Microbruin where we discuss the recent events out of Daniel, Wyoming, where an adolescent wolf was tortured and killed by POS Cody Roberts. This is definitely a bummer of an episode, but at least we say "f*ck" a lot. (We know what the people want!)

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://www.change.org/p/demand-felony-charges-against-cody-roberts-for-animal-cruelty

https://www.huntersandanglersforwildlifemanagementreform.com/

https://www.relistwolves.org/

https://trapfreemt.org/

https://www.wolvesoftherockies.org/

https://wyominguntrapped.org/

Sources Cited:

Butterfield, Alan. “Wyoming Town Defends Wolf Killer Cody Roberts Who Paraded Predator in Local Bar, Insisting the Animals Are a Danger to Their Way of Life.” Daily Mail Online, Associated Newspapers, 14 Apr. 2024, www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-13298397/Wyoming-town-defends-wolf-killer-Cody-Roberts.html.

Koshmrl, Mike. “Eyewitness Describes Wyoming Wolf’s Final Hours in the Green River Bar.” WyoFile, WyoFile, 12 Apr. 2024, wyofile.com/eyewitness-describes-wyoming-wolfs-final-hours-in-the-green-river-bar/.

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In today's episode we cover some of the famous bears living in and around Grand Teton National Park, and Salome teaches us about one of the most famous bears in history. Grab a drink and enjoy!

http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

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Join us for our not-so-sober coverage of the Wyoming Game & Fish Committee meeting that included public comments regarding the wolf torture in Daniel, Wyoming!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://hawmr.com/

https://www.relistwolves.org/

https://www.wolvesoftherockies.org/

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Hot off the presses from recording a month ago, join us for the second part of our discussion about famous bears in Yellowstone!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://cowboystatedaily.com/2022/05/23/grizzly-bear-attacked-by-mother-mate-in-yellowstone-national-park-service-euthanize/

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Is it bad to name wild animals? On this Microbruin we go over some pros and cons, as well as some local Yellowstone wildlife updates (that are three weeks old at this point!)

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

Borkfelt, Sune. “What’s in a name?—consequences of naming non-human animals.” Animals, vol. 1, no. 1, 19 Jan. 2011, pp. 116–125, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani1010116.

Fitz, Michael. “To Name or Not to Name?” National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 7 May 2015, www.nps.gov/katm/blogs/to-name-or-not-to-name.htm.

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In today’s episode we focus on the badass adaptations that caribou have developed. We also discuss some of the basics of these ungulates and the difference between caribou and reindeer!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Badass Caribou Adaptations: https://www.fws.gov/story/caribou-keep-it-cool-cold

South Selkirk Mountain Caribou Updates: https://conservationnw.org/our-work/wildlife/mountain-caribou/

Porcupine Caribou Herd Information: https://defendingthearcticrefuge.com/wildlife/

Porcupine Caribou Management Board: https://pcmb.ca/

Sources Cited:

“Arctic Reindeer / Caribou - Facts and Adaptations Rangifer Tarandus.” Reindeer of the Arctic, Facts and Adaptations - Rangifer Tarandus, Also Called Caribou, www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/wildlife/Arctic_animals/arctic-reindeer-caribou.php.

Bishop, Sam. “Comprehending Caribou in the Oil Patch.” Aurora, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2023, www.uaf.edu/aurora/files/spring2023/Aurora-spring-2023-comprehending-caribou.pdf.

Eickmeier, Ashly. “Woodland Caribou.” Species Conservation, State of Idaho, 23 Mar. 2023, species.idaho.gov/wildlife-species/woodland-caribou/.

“Migration.” Porcupine Caribou Management Board (PCMB), 27 July 2021, pcmb.ca/migration/.

Peterson, Jan. “Southern Mountain Caribou Make a Comeback: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.Gov, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 6 Sept. 2023, www.fws.gov/story/2023-09/southern-mountain-caribou-make-comeback#:~:text=The%20Central%20Selkirk%20herd%20had,2021%2C%20only%2028%20caribou%20remained.

Ross, Evan. “Oil Development in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Will Affect Wildlife.” DEBATING SCIENCE, COLLEGE OF NATURAL SCIENCES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST, 19 Apr. 2016, websites.umass.edu/natsci397a-eross/oil-development-in-the-arctic-national-wildlife-refuge-will-affect-wildlife/#:~:text=Research%20has%20shown%20that%20caribou%20exhibit%20avoidance,(such%20as%20oil%20development%20infrastructure)%20which%20has.

“Southern Mountain Caribou Listed as Endangered.” Conservation Northwest - Protecting, Connecting and Restoring Wildlands and Wildlife, 3 Oct. 2019, conservationnw.org/news-updates/southern-mountain-caribou-endangered/.

Sweeney, Brittany. “Caribou Keep It Cool in the Cold: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.Gov, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, https://www.fws.gov/story/caribou-keep-it-cool-cold

Whitten, Kenneth R, and Wayne L Regelin. “Movement Patterns of the Porcupine Caribou Herd in Relation to Oil Development.” Alaska Department of Fish & Game , Oct. 1988, www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/home/library/pdfs/wildlife/federal_aid/88_ca_porc_whitten_regelin.pdf.

Wiles, Gary J. “Periodic Status Review for the Woodland Caribou - WDFW.” Washington Department of FISH AND WILDLIFE Wildlife Program, State of Washington, Jan. 2017, wdfw.wa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/01852/wdfw01852.pdf.

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Join us on today’s Microbruin for some animal news, a show update, and another quiz! This time Pam quizzes Salome on bear tracks. Quiz yourself alongside us (otherwise the 2nd half of this ep will make zero sense!) on:

Instagram https://www.instagram.com/bearsandbrewspodcast/ or

Facebook https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100094752400236

Links We Discussed:

CPW Predation Information: https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRKBg2b1faK1Oi53O9HKe2EuaeT8lB9q0LpCOD8p6gyAE2YSH5MY-zlWo_uJdi0fTAD16DbmCBGbaax/pub

Katmai bear 230 (Ben) splishin and splashin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwmG4udxKR4

Island Park is Bear Country: https://islandparkbears.org/

Sources Cited:

Macintyre, Barney. “British Baby Beaver Boom Brings Benefits.” Tortoise, 15 Aug. 2024, www.tortoisemedia.com/2024/08/15/british-baby-beaver-boom-brings-benefits/#:~:text=Baby%20beavers%20have%20been%20born,been%20spotted%20in%20the%20area.

Mitchell, Wylee. “Three Wolf Pups Born to Reintroduced Colorado Wolves Were Caught on Camera.” Https://Www.Kkco11news.Com, 20 Aug. 2024, www.kkco11news.com/2024/08/20/3-wolf-pups-born-reintroduced-colorado-wolves-were-caught-camera/.

Pace, David. “Air Park Fails to Land with P&Z Commissioners in Island Park.” East Idaho News, 28 Aug. 2024, www.eastidahonews.com/2024/08/air-park-fails-to-land-with-pz-commissioners-in-island-park/.

“US Pacific Northwest Sees Huge Columbia River Sockeye Salmon Return.” Undercurrent News, 21 Aug. 2024, www.undercurrentnews.com/2024/08/21/us-pacific-northwest-sees-huge-columbia-river-sockeye-salmon-return/

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Join us for a rundown of Pam's trip to Katmai and Fat Bear Jr 2024!

Head to www.fatbearweek.org to cast your votes!

http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

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Welcome to Season 2 of the Bears and Brews Podcast! In this episode we discuss some show updates, what we’ve been up to in our time away from the pod, and most importantly: the life, death, and legacy of grizzly bear 399. Grab some tissues and a bevvy and join us for this recap of this amazing bear.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

PBS Episode of Nature all about bear 399: https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/about-grizzly-399-queen-of-the-tetons/30040/

Sources Cited:

Arnold, Billy. “Grizzly 399 Got into Trouble about a Month before She Died.” Jackson Hole News&Guide, 13 Nov. 2024, www.jhnewsandguide.com/news/environmental/local/grizzly-399-got-into-trouble-about-a-month-before-she-died/article_bc0ed14e-a204-11ef-840c-676e0b74fc7b.html. Accessed 25 Nov. 2024.

Arnold, Billy. “In Grizzly 399’S Final Hours Carcass Removal Eluded Wildlife Managers.” Jackson Hole News&Guide, 6 Nov. 2024, www.jhnewsandguide.com/news/environmental/in-grizzly-399s-final-hours-carcass-removal-eluded-wildlife-managers/article_d0d66aac-9bb9-11ef-93fb-ef531d7d104f.html.

Grange, Kevin. “Mountain Journal.” Mountainjournal.org, Mountain Journal, 30 Oct. 2024, mountainjournal.org/reflections-on-the-life-of-grizzly-bear-399.

Heinz, Mark. “Grizzly 399 Cremated, Ashes Scattered in Pilgrim Creek Area of Grand Teton Park.” Cowboy State Daily, Nov. 2024, cowboystatedaily.com/2024/11/01/grizzly-399-cremated-ashes-scattered-in-pilgrim-creek-area-of-grand-teton-park/.

Heinz, Mark. “Wyoming and the World Hit Hard by Death of World’s Most Famous Bear, Grizzly 399.” Cowboy State Daily, 23 Oct. 2024, cowboystatedaily.com/2024/10/23/wyoming-and-the-world-hit-hard-by-death-of-worlds-most-famous-bear-grizzly-399/.

Koshmrl, Mike. “Goodbye, 399: Jackson Hole, Global Admirers, Send off the World’s Most Famous Grizzly.” WyoFile, WyoFile , 29 Oct. 2024, wyofile.com/goodbye-399-jackson-hole-global-admirers-send-off-the-worlds-most-famous-grizzly/.

Rossi, Andrew. “Mourners from across Country Attend Candlelight Vigil for Grizzly 399 in Jackson.” Cowboy State Daily, 3 Nov. 2024, cowboystatedaily.com/2024/11/03/vigil-for-grizzly-399-draws-more-than-200-to-jackson-from-across-the-country/.

Wolfson, Leo. “Driver Who Killed Grizzly 399 Did Nothing Wrong, Sheriff’s Office Says.” Cowboy State Daily, 25 Oct. 2024, cowboystatedaily.com/2024/10/25/driver-who-killed-grizzly-399-did-nothing-wrong-sheriffs-office-says/.

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Join us for this Microbruin about updated grizzly mortality information, a few tangents, and our thoughts on a recent story about a group of hunters who attempted to haze several grizzlies off an elk kill. Spoiler alert: the grizzlies paid the price for bad decisions by humans.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Federal database of grizzly deaths in the GYE:

https://wyofile.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/GB_Mortality_2024.csv

Montana Grizzly Bear Mortality Information: https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/cfdfbb4a5c9f4758816b296410d3fc94/page/Page/?views=Overview

Sources Cited:

Gantchoff, M. G., et al. “Mortality of a Large Wide-Ranging Mammal Largely Caused by Anthropogenic Activities.” Scientific Reports, vol. 10, no. 1, 22 May 2020, p. 8498, www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-65290-9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65290-9.

Gehring, Thomas M., et al. “Livestock Protection Dogs in the 21st Century: Is an Ancient Tool Relevant to Modern Conservation Challenges?” BioScience, vol. 60, no. 4, 1 Apr. 2010, pp. 299–308, academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/60/4/299/226197?login=true, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.8.

Khorozyan, Igor, and Matthias Waltert. “Variation and Conservation Implications of the Effectiveness of Anti-Bear Interventions.” Scientific Reports, vol. 10, no. 1, 18 Sept. 2020, www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-72343-6?fromPaywallRec=false, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72343-6.

Mosley, Jeffrey C., et al. “Mitigating Human Conflicts with Livestock Guardian Dogs in Extensive Sheep Grazing Systems.” Rangeland Ecology & Management, vol. 73, no. 5, Sept. 2020, pp. 724–732, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2020.04.009.

Saitone, Tina L., and Ellen M. Bruno. “Cost Effectiveness of Livestock Guardian Dogs for Predator Control.” Wildlife Society Bulletin, vol. 44, no. 1, Mar. 2020, pp. 101–109, wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wsb.1063, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1063.

Smith, Bethany R., et al. “The Ecological Effects of Livestock Guarding Dogs (LGDs) on Target and Non-Target Wildlife.” Journal of Vertebrate Biology, vol. 69, no. 3, 2 Dec. 2020, https://doi.org/10.25225/jvb.20103.

Smith, Martin E., et al. “Review of Methods to Reduce Livestock Depradation: I. Guardian Animals.” Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section a - Animal Science, vol. 50, no. 4, Dec. 2000, pp. 279–290, https://doi.org/10.1080/090647000750069476.

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Learn all about the American Badger on today’s episode! Hang out with us while we talk about this amazing mustelid and go on a tangent about rodenticides!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Badger mushroom video: https://youtu.be/EIyixC9NsLI?si=8QHuofLtO-4JhBUE

Casey Anderson badger video: https://www.instagram.com/reel/C71sXfHOQAG/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==

Honey badger don’t care: https://youtu.be/4r7wHMg5Yjg?si=Ze9CiHr7ABb95Tsb

Sources Cited:

“American Badger (Taxidea Taxus) | U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.gov, 2021, www.fws.gov/species/american-badger-taxidea-taxus.

“American Badger - Taxidea Taxus - NatureWorks.” Nhpbs.org, 2019, nhpbs.org/natureworks/americanbadger.htm.

National Park Service. “American Badger - White Sands National Park (U.S. National Park Service).” Www.nps.gov, 20 Jan. 2022, www.nps.gov/whsa/learn/nature/american-badger.htm.

Shefferly, Nancy. “Taxidea Taxus (American Badger).” Animal Diversity Web, 1999, animaldiversity.org/accounts/Taxidea_taxus/.

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Catch up on some good wildlife news on this week’s Microbruin!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

California Wolf Project: https://wildlife.berkeley.edu/cawolfproject/

Sources Cited:

Charles, Drimal. “Breaking News: Montana Headwaters Legacy Act Passes Committee, Full Senate Vote Next.” Greater Yellowstone Coalition, 19 Nov. 2024, greateryellowstone.org/blog/2024/breaking-news-montana-headwaters-legacy-act-passes-committee-full-senate-vote-next.

Cook, Meghan. “742 New Animal Species Discovered in the Congo Basin, according to Latest World Wildlife Fund Report.” Goodgoodgood.co, 4 Dec. 2024, www.goodgoodgood.co/articles/new-animal-species-africa-world-wildlife-fund.

Corbley, Andy. “Once Locally Extinct, “Top Predator” River Otter Flourishing Again in New Mexico.” Good News Network, 4 Dec. 2024, www.goodnewsnetwork.org/once-extirpated-top-predator-river-otter-flourishing-again-in-new-mexico/.

Justin, Housman. “Wolf Pack Spotted in Lassen Volcanic National Park for First Time.” Nationalparkstraveler.org, 25 Nov. 2024, www.nationalparkstraveler.org/2024/11/wolf-pack-spotted-lassen-volcanic-national-park-first-time.

Wendt, John A F, et al. “A 2000-Year Record of Fecal Biomarkers Reveals Past Herbivore Presence and Impacts in a Catchment in Northern Yellowstone National Park, USA.” PLoS ONE, vol. 19, no. 10, 30 Oct. 2024, pp. e0311950–e0311950, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311950.

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Join us for this episode all about Bighorn Sheep! Listen along as we highlight some of the amazing adaptations that make these ungulates so nimble and concussion-free!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Adopt a Bighorn Sheep: https://www.shopnwf.org/adoptions/shop-adoption-center-adopt-an-animal-adopt-a-bighorn-sheep

Sources Cited:

Arnold, Billy. “Virus Capable of Spreading to Humans Likely in Car-Licking Bighorns.” Jackson Hole News&Guide, 20 Jan. 2024, www.jhnewsandguide.com/news/environmental/local/virus-capable-of-spreading-to-humans-likely-in-car-licking-bighorns/article_a7016c62-b722-11ee-b215-bfbcbb0ac5b1.html.

Whiting, Jericho C, et al. “Restoration of Bighorn Sheep: History, Successes, and Remaining Conservation Issues.” Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, vol. 11, 2 Mar. 2023, www.frontiersin.org/journals/ecology-and-evolution/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1083350/full, https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1083350.

Wilson, Dawn. “Nature Nuggets: Science behind Bighorn Ram Head Butting.” Estes Park Trail-Gazette, 22 Nov. 2022, www.eptrail.com/2022/11/22/nature-nuggets-science-behind-bighorn-ram-head-butting/.

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In our last episode of 2024 we discuss Yellowstone wolf 907F. Join us for a look at her life, death, and legacy.

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

Wolf Tracker Junction Butte Pack Info: https://www.yellowstonewolf.org/yellowstones_wolves.php?pack_id=3

Yellowstone Wolf Project Annual Report: https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/upload/2023-Wolf-Report-final_web.pdf

Sources Cited:

Cassidy, K.A., D.R. Stahler, E.E. Stahler, M. Metz, J. SunderRaj, T. Rabe, J. Rabe, N. Tatton, M. Packila, B. Cassidy, W. Binder, C. Lacey, C. Ho, D. Sanborn, and G. Scott. 2024. Yellowstone National Park Wolf Project Annual Report 2023. National Park Service, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA, YCR-2024. https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/upload/2023-Wolf-Report-final_web.pdf

French, Brett. “Queen of the Wolves: One-Eyed 11-Year-Old Defies Difficulties in a Wild Yellowstone.” Spokesman.com, The Spokesman-Review, 12 July 2024, www.spokesman.com/stories/2024/jul/12/queen-of-the-wolves-one-eyed-11-year-old-defies-di/.

Heinz, Mark. “Yellowstone’s Famed One-Eyed Wolf 907F Dies after Fight with Rival Pack.” Cowboy State Daily, 28 Dec. 2024, cowboystatedaily.com/2024/12/27/yellowstones-famed-one-eyed-wolf-907f-dies-after-fight-with-rival-pack/.

“Junction Butte Pack: Yellowstone Wolf Photos Citizen Science.” Yellowstonewolf.org, 2014, www.yellowstonewolf.org/yellowstones_wolves.php?pack_id=3.

Spartz, Isabel. “Wildlife Enthusiasts Mourn the Loss of Yellowstone’s Famed Wolf, 907F.” Q2 News (KTVQ), 28 Dec. 2024, www.ktvq.com/news/local-news/wildlife-enthusiasts-mourn-the-loss-of-yellowstones-famed-wolf-907f.

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In this episode we cover the Canada Lynx! Open a drink and learn about this versatile and floofy wild cat!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Sources Cited:

“Black Bears Can “Count” as Well as Primates.” National Geographic, 31 Aug. 2012, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/120829-black-bears-cognition-animals-science.

“Canada Lynx.” Department of Environmental Conservation, DFW, Bureau of Wildlife, dec.ny.gov/nature/animals-fish-plants/canada-lynx. “Lynx Canadensis.” Fire Effects Information System (FEIS), U.S. Forest Service, www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/animals/mammal/lyca/all.html.

Kos I., Potočnik H., Skrbinšek T., Skrbinšek M.A., Jonozovič M., Krofel M. 2004. Ris v Sloveniji. 1. izd. Ljubljana, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za biologijo: 239 str. (Lynx in Slovenia. Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology. 239 pg.)

Marrotte, Robby R., and Jeff Bowman. “Seven Decades of Southern Range Dynamics of Canada Lynx.” Ecology and Evolution, vol. 11, no. 9, 9 Mar. 2021, pp. 4644–4655, pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8093747/, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7364.

Moore, Rico, and Photos David Moskowitz. “Welcoming Relatives Home: The Return of the Lynx.” YES! Magazine, 15 Dec. 2023, www.yesmagazine.org/environment/2023/12/15/washington-canada-lynx-tribe.

Osborne, Ryan. “Lynx Sightings around Fairbanks Reach New Heights.” Https://Www.webcenterfairbanks.com, Webcenter Fairbanks, 22 Jan. 2021, www.webcenterfairbanks.com/2021/01/22/lynx-sightings-around-fairbanks-reach-new-heights/.

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. “Canada Lynx (Lynx Canadensis) | U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.gov, www.fws.gov/species/canada-lynx-lynx-canadensis.

“USFWS Proposes Revised Critical Habitat for Canada Lynx & Announces Final Recovery Plan | U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.” FWS.gov, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 27 Nov. 2024, www.fws.gov/press-release/2024-11/usfws-proposes-revised-critical-habitat-canada-lynx-announces-final-recovery.

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Join us for an update on the current state of our public lands and those who protect them!

Find us on all the things: http://linktr.ee/bearsandbrewspodcast

Links We Discussed:

https://5calls.org/

https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/

https://www.facebook.com/AltUSNationalParkService/

https://www.instagram.com/50501movement/

https://www.instagram.com/resistancerangers/

https://www.npca.org/

Sources Cited:

Axelrod, Josh. “Trump Interior Secretary’s Orders Make Public Lands Ground Zero for Drilling & Mining.” Nrdc.org, 20 Feb. 2025, www.nrdc.org/media/trump-interior-secretarys-orders-make-public-lands-ground-zero-drilling-mining.

Choi, Annette, et al. “Tracking Trump’s Overhaul of the Federal Workforce.” CNN, 26 Feb. 2025, www.cnn.com/politics/tracking-federal-workforce-firings-dg/index.html.Crowley, Kinsey, et al.

“Tracking Federal Layoffs 2025: Impacted Agencies Include IRS, FAA, TSA and More.” USA TODAY, 21 Feb. 2025, www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2025/02/21/federal-layoffs-2025-list/79415517007/.

Detrow, Scott. “How Is DOGE Funded?” NPR, Mar. 2025, www.npr.org/2025/03/01/nx-s1-5310562/how-is-doge-funded.

Fowler, Stephen . “DOGE’s Savings Page Fixed Old Mistakes — and Added New Ones.” NPR, Mar. 2025, www.npr.org/2025/03/01/nx-s1-5313853/doge-savings-receipts-musk-trump.

Haggerty, Mark, and Jenny Rowland-Shea. “Trump Quietly Plans to Liquidate Public Lands to Finance His Sovereign Wealth Fund.” Center for American Progress, 20 Feb. 2025, www.americanprogress.org/article/trump-quietly-plans-to-liquidate-public-lands-to-finance-his-sovereign-wealth-fund/.

Hamilton, Anita. “Mass Firings of Federal Workers Were Done Illegally, Two Judges Rule.” Barron’s, 14 Mar. 2025, www.barrons.com/articles/federal-workers-reinstate-court-california-ruling-40c2b920.

Mansfield, Erin, and Sarah D Wire. “You’re …Rehired? What We Know about Who Is Exempt from Donald Trump’s Mass Firings.” USA TODAY, 21 Feb. 2025, www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2025/02/21/trump-rescinded-layoffs/79188799007/.

Noone, Sean. “Is Elon Musk Getting Paid for DOGE?” NewsNation, 5 Mar. 2025, www.newsnationnow.com/politics/is-elon-musk-getting-paid-for-doge/, https://doi.org/10507362.m3u8.

The Economic Times. “Is Donald Trump Perfecting His Golf Game on US Taxpayers’ Dime? President Reportedly Spent Millions on 13.” The Economic Times, Economic Times, 9 Mar. 2025, economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/is-donald-trump-perfecting-his-golf-game-on-us-taxpayers-dime-president-reportedly-spent-millions-on-13-rounds-in-just-48-days/articleshow/118819582.cms?from=mdr. 

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