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90 Miles from Needles: the Desert Protection Podcast (Chris Clarke)

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06 Dec 2021Season 0 Episode 4: About Chris Clarke 00:19:50
In this episode, Alicia points out that despite Chris's delusions of popularity, there are people who don't know who he is. Hilarity ensues. Transcript Season 0, Episode 4: Who is Chris? Chris Clarke: This podcast is made possible by our supporters at Patreon, who give us the resources we need to produce each episode, you can join their ranks at 90milesfromneedles.com/patreon.  Alicia Pike: So Chris, when you invited me to be a part of this podcast, I naturally assumed I would need an introduction, but I figured everybody knew who you were. You have a storied background in being a desert defender. I figured everybody’d just naturally, like, “oh, it's Chris Clarke.” I don't necessarily think that's true. I think out of the 7 billion people on this planet, there are a few who don't know who you are.  CC: Good point. What should we do about that?  AP: Maybe we should do a little special introduction to Chris Clarke. [Intro music] Bouse Parker: The sun is a giant blow torch aimed at your face. There ain't no shade nowhere. Let's hope you brought enough water. It's time for 90 Miles from Needles, the desert protection podcast, with your hosts, Chris Clarke and Alicia Pike. AP: So who are you, Chris? CC: I am just this guy. I live near Joshua tree with my wife, Lara and my dog, Heart and 14,000 fathead minnows in a former swimming pool. Are there specific things you think we ought to talk about?  AP: I think your background in ways that you've been building momentum to get to where you are today. CC: Well, my first visit to the desert, I was six years old. It was the summer, 1966. I have a few really vivid memories of it. I remember camping at Park Moabi, south of Needles on the Colorado River and being sick. Because it had just been so hot and I'd been drinking gallons of really bad theoretically fruit flavored stuff, an inauspicious introduction to the desert. But there were things like going to Petrified Forest National Monument — at the time it was before it was a national park — and seeing petrified logs and the Painted Desert, which was absolutely breathtaking. Even as a little kid, I was like, “wow, this exists?” It was so different from the small towns of upstate New York, where I grew up.  16 years later, I was 22 years old and heading to California, sitting in a Greyhound bus that was heading west on interstate 80, going across the Great Salt Desert at night, and just got a sense of something immense and awesome out there. And the next day Northern Nevada looked incredibly desolate to me, cause my eyes had not yet adapted to the west, and It was terrifying at the same time, it was really intriguing. And now of course, Northern Nevada looks like a tropical rainforest to me, cause it's just all really lush sagebrush and junipers and Pines and things like that. A couple of years after that, uh, my girlfriend at the time was heading to law school and we were doing the tour of campuses and left the bay area, got to Mojave pretty late at night, stopped in a restaurant that's no longer there for dinner. It was. Amazingly picturesque even in the dead of night, woke up with a start because my girlfriend had fallen asleep at the wheel and then woken up after about a second and hit the brakes reflexively. And we piled out of the car. There were Joshua trees and saguaros growing together, and there was a coyote standing in the middle of the road, laughing at us, and it was just intoxicating. And I got propelled into it by some cursing and brake noise. And all of a sudden I was in this magical land. It was amazing to me. I just couldn't believe what was there. I mean, I knew that desert existed, but my introduction to the desert was just life altering.  AP: I'm struck thinking about this listening. I've heard some of these stories before, but yeah, I grew up in the desert. San Diego doesn't look like it desert, but I knew from a very young age that we had planted a bunch of Palm trees and paved over what was Chaparral and it, you know, basically desert. And all the road trips I took with my mom as a kid were to Arizona and Nevada seeing other parts of California that it's all desert. Like I've never known anything else. And it's striking to me to think you came here from lush green water-rich woods back east. And I grew up in this dry desert environment. And I feel like I can fall in love with nature wherever I go, but I'm just realizing that I'm taking it for granted, that I grew up in the desert and have always cherished the Chaparral as that's home to me, that that smell to this day, whenever petrichor hits the air, I'm transported to my childhood and just being wandering around in the canyons and just being free. And in my church. CC: Nice. Yeah. I mean, it was, it really took some time to get acquainted with how the desert is supposed to look. And I think one of the reasons that's a hot button issue for me when people bring their assumptions from elsewhere to the desert is because I know I did it. And not that I want to detail every single trip I took to the desert, you know, cause I'm already well on the way down that road, I'm going to just stop. But I was living in the Bay Area and I had this old beaten up Volkswagen pickup truck that Really should not have been driven to the store, much less to Organ pipe national monument, but I tried, but I was young and foolish and it was an adventure, but because it was a truck that was likely to break down, I realized as I was on interstate 40 passing the East Mojave National Scenic Area, which later became Mojave National Preserve, that I was absolutely terrified by the landscape and wondering how fast I would die if I got a flat tire. And this is interstate 40! I mean, it's basically a linear extension of Los Angeles. There's no danger on interstate 40, except from driving. Somebody will see you and stop and give you water and take you where you need to go. And that's just the way it is, even in the late eighties. But it was a daunting landscape. Even after a decade of living in California, I was not yet used to the Mojave. I'd only ever seen it at night, really. And it was just… it was sublime in the original sense of beautiful and terrifying both. The landscape got its hooks into me.  I was at that point working for environmental organizations, writing and editing and publishing magazines, newspapers, that kind of thing, All of which had to do with preserving the environment. And in those days, a lot of the work that I was doing. Involved much moister places.  AP: Julia Butterfly CC: Exactly right. It was Redwood summer and people were protesting Pacific lumber cutting down the last of the old growth redwoods. And I was getting up into the Redwood trees and sword, ferns and salad and Western azaleas and just all this beautiful stuff that I still love. And thinking about the Sierra Nevada, I had a job for a while, updating wilderness press trail guides. And so I was like hiking through Yosemite and Tahoe and south of Yosemite I'm around mammoth and Ansel Adams, wilderness, places like that. And so I just really loved California, but the desert, the desert was where I went when I needed a psychological break. I would get really fed up with my job or just with life in general. And I would throw a bunch of stuff in the pickup truck, head out into the central valley in California and drive south. Sometimes I would drive north and end up in lava beds or something like that, but mostly I would drive south and get to the Mojave and maybe I wouldn't go any farther than red rock canyon, state park, just inside the west edge of the Mojave, but it was where I could decompress.  And at one point, and I remember the precise month. It was October, 2003. I was on route 66 between Essex and Cadiz. I just had this incredibly strong feeling that I belonged there and it wasn't like “I belong in nature.” It wasn't like “I belong in wild places.” It was, “I belong here.” And it took me five years to move.  I was really obsessed with deserts reading well reading Ed Abbey, of course, and developing a rather nuanced critique of his work reading people like Gary Nabhan. His writing is marvelous. Terry Tempest Williams, Ellen Meloy. If I had to recommend one desert writer to inspire you, it would be Ellen Meloy  AP: Big fan. Big fan. CC: And my own writing, took a decidedly desert turn by had this blog while I was living in the east bay. And it was all about nature in the east bay, except that it also had a bunch of nature in the desert stuff. And pretty much nobody was surprised when my divorce happened, and my then-wife suggested that I moved to the desert and she was really being nice.  AP: “Get out of here and go move to the desert!” CC: Yup.  AP: If we could back up real quick, I think it's important. At what point during your college years or wherever it was in that transformative point in your life, did you see that you were going to move in the direction of advocacy? CC: That was pretty early on! and it was college years. This is in Buffalo, New York. I got involved in the support for the defendants in the trials that were going on over the Attica prison riot. So I, I came into activism from a social justice point of view.  And before I left Buffalo, I had gotten involved in anti-war stuff and resistance to draft registration. I was the local person who refused to register publicly. There were hundreds of thousands of people that refused to register quietly, but I put out a press release. And from age 14 or 15, I saw myself as an activist. To the point where there was a Period of about three years in my mid-twenties where I wasn't doing any kind of activism and it was a crisis of identity. Because I just didn't recognize myself without taking part in something.  In 1989, went into activism essentially full-time, and that's been since to one degree or another. And as I think I've said on this podcast before in the desert, even though we are fighting against things It's pretty obvious that we are fighting for something, you know, we are fighting for this beautiful landscape that has a right to exist, regardless of what services it offers us or not. It's just, it's a place that has integrity and its own identity. And it's not simply here to serve us though It does. And it's just a beautiful entity, this large piece of essentially undisturbed habitat.  There was this day I was in the desert for a minute and I was heading back into the city and I didn't want to go. And there was a Mojave Yucca that was growing out of the lava flow and I was jealous of that Yucca cause it could sit in that spot and just survive and hang on and endure and witness all these things for hundreds of years without worrying about sunscreen. Or fleece clothing in the winter. It didn't need to have a canteen, didn't need a tent, none of that stuff. And I was just sitting there suffused with rank envy of this plant because it could do what I wanted to do, which was stay there. And I couldn’t. And I felt that way for a few minutes. And then I realized that there was one thing that the plant couldn't do for itself, which was defend itself from people and their crazy ideas about what should be there in. We're doing this little teaser episode to introduce people to who I am, if they don't know my work and more people don't than do. And we could talk about the resume, sure. I worked at the Ecology Center in Berkeley for nine years, and then I worked, uh, Earth Island Institute publishing the Earth Island Journal for a decade, and then ended up being the environment editor at KCET public television in Los Angeles for a good five years. AP: You are currently the… CC: The Ruth Hammett Associate Director of the California desert program for the National Parks Conservation Association. And it's a lovely job that really like the people I work with and the things that we're working for and opinions expressed on this podcast are not those of the National Parks Conservation Association, though they are more than welcome to adopt them for their own. This is a side gig. But if I was asked what my career is, it would be hard to choose between activist and writer, because I have a foot in each world, the KCET job burned out my writing circuits for awhile, and I still haven't picked up too much just because I wrote essentially 1500 pieces [note: actually closer to 1750] for them in the space of five years. It's been hard for me to get that motivation back to do that.  AP: It was exhaustive. I think that those 1500 pieces [see above] could be compiled into a book and be a sort of desert manual, because I know that I personally shared so many of those articles to people who had questions for me, that I knew the answers because I had read your article, but I wanted them to read the article to get the in depth background on cholla, on ancient creosote on whatever it was that we were talking about on trail that day, you wrote so much that contributed to my education in those KCET days that, like I said, I think it could be a book desert manual. on occasion I'd find myself feeling like, oh, there's this article he wrote about Joshua trees from I’d go type in “Chris Clarke. Jaegeriana” And go find that article so that I can reread because they're so dense people talk about food as nutrient dense. I feel like your writing is like that. It's food for the desert Curious mind.  CC: Yeah. And it had to be information dense because for awhile, I was expected to write three stories in a typical day And so I didn't have time to pad them out and put in prepositions and things like that. Yeah. They're rather… rather jam packed with info. It's nice to feel like I'm starting to want to write again, whether it's material for this podcast or finishing up the book I've been intending to do on Joshua trees for some time, or the email newsletter that has been languishing a little bit called Letters from the Desert. But yeah, that's what I do for creativity, aside from putting cacti in the ground and that kind of thing.  AP: We all need a break sometimes, especially when you're creating out of passion and love, and I could understand very easily why you would experience bouts of not being able to write because it hurts. And even while you may be writing something about something you love, that's something is generally being threatened…  CC: or no longer exists.  AP: or no longer exists. CC: A more important way of saying who I am is something that I get at sometimes when I'm speaking to people, if I'm doing something formal and if I think people are going to go for it. And we're in the desert. I ask people to close their eyes and just relax for a minute and then breathe in and then exhale, and then breathe in again and think about the desert plants that provided you with the oxygen that you're taking in. And then exhale, and think about the carbon dioxide that you're providing to those plants. And that means you're part of the ecosystem. You are part of the desert. And you are part of the desert that has grown aware of itself and of the desert. You can act to defend the desert against things that might harm it. We are the desert's immune system.  AP: If we so choose to be.  CC: if we choose to be. And we're not the entirety of it, the desert has a lot of ways it can heal itself and protect itself. It's got cactus thorns and poison water and, you know, rattlesnakes and all that kind of stuff. We are a part of the desert's immune system and that's who I am. When I am at my best. AP: And I sure do think it's a great thing that you have that visceral awareness of how important it is that we make other people aware: You're not some outside source. You are part of the source and I I've always admired your work. And I look forward to the work we're going to do on this podcast, Disseminating that important information. CC: Me too. [Outro] Bouse Parker: This season zero preview episode of 90 Miles from Needles was produced by Alicia Pike and Chris Clarke. Podcast artwork by the wonderful Martin Mancha. intro and outro music is by Brightside Studio. Follow us on Twitter at @90mifromNeedles and on Facebook at facebook.com/ninetymilesfromneedles. Find us wherever you get your podcasts. Thanks to our Patreon supporters: Jeff Hunter Cat Lazaroff Sergey Konozenko Karl Young Monica L. Mahoney Lorraine Suzuki Madhusudan Katti cara b Derek Loranger Jim Stanger Eve Brown Meera Sethi Luana Lynch Sarah Jane Kennington Sean Sharp Sam Easley Patrick O'Driscoll Juvenio Guerra Lynn Sweet Heather Hurley Florian Boyd Kathy Holmes Michele Simmons Anne Graham Terry McGlynn Cody Hanford Bonnie Brady Darryl Evans Mary Ann Ruiz Anne Kelly Caroline Conway Michael Mack Adan Lopez Deborah Bollinger Brian Fies John Griesemer Juniper Harrower Matthew Woodman Judith Lynn Laffoon S.P. Justin Tappan Riah Buchanan Brendan R Cummings Kenneth C Erickson Brett Barry Tenkai Kariya Jasmeet Singh Gloria Putnam Laraine Turk Charles Peterson Sarah Cardin All characters on this podcast are angel-headed hipsters burning for the ancient heavenly connection to the starry dynamo in the machinery of night. Support this podcast by visiting us at 90milesfromneedles.com/patreon and making a monthly pledge of as little as five bucks. This has been Bouse Parker. You're all invited back next time to this locality.

Support our show!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/patreon

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25 Mar 2025S4E9: DEI and Desert Protection00:22:15

Chris Clarke explores the intersection of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) with desert protection, highlighting how Trump's attacks on DEI harm not just people but also the ecosystems and communities inhabiting deserts. He delves into historical and contemporary issues, from indigenous genocide to border wall impacts, underscoring the importance of inclusive environmental advocacy. Clarke also reflects on the diversity challenges within his podcast team, urging for broader representation. Join him for insights on DEI's crucial role in fostering social justice and environmental resilience in desert landscapes. No guests featured this episode.

Resources:

90 Miles from Needles Website: https://90milesfromneedles.com

Southwest Organizing Project 1990 Big Green letter: https://www.90milesfromneedles.com/downloads/swop/

Explore the full episode to better understand of how diversity and inclusion intertwine with the fight to protect our deserts.

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05 Nov 2024S3E32: Vote, Engage, and Protect Our Desert00:23:54
In this special Election Day 2024 episode of "90 Miles from Needles," Chris sheds light on the crucial role of civic engagement in the ongoing struggle to protect North America’s deserts. Released strategically on a day when decisions hold power over environmental policies, this episode emphasizes the dual efforts needed both in voting and ongoing advocacy to drive the change they wish to see in environmental and desert policies.

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08 May 2022S1E9: Saving the Western Joshua tree00:47:38

Joshua trees, the iconic species of the Mojave Desert, are in serious danger of becoming extinct across most of their range... and yet the state of California is recommending against granting the trees permanent protection. We talk to desert botanist Christina Sanchez and Brendan Cummings of the Center for Biological Diversity about the dangers the trees face, and what we can do to stop California from stripping the trees' protections. Plus, C&A visit a Joshua tree forest threatened by unsustainable development,

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26 Jul 2023S2E11: Globemallow Binding the Desert's Wounds00:35:31
Chris and Alicia discuss the recent victory in delaying exploration for lithium near Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge. They also announce the formation of the Desert Advocacy Media Network, the podcast's new nonprofit organization home. The hosts then delve into their love for the desert plant, the Globe Mallow. They share personal stories and observations about the plant's adaptability and its role in the desert ecosystem.

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14 Jan 2025S4E1: Moab to Mojave: The Largest Conservation Corridor Explained00:29:45

In this first episode of Season Four, we look at:

Wildfires and Power Infrastructure: Power lines and climate change are making wildfires worse, so it's time to think about smaller, local power setups.

Chuckwalla National Monument: Creating this monument is a big step in keeping sensitive ecosystems safe from the impacts of climate change.

Moab to Mojave Conservation Corridor: This amazing set of protected lands showcases a joint effort to preserve the Southwest's unique landscapes.

Links to help alleviate suffering in Los Angeles:

Pasadena Humane Society

California Community Foundation Wildlife Recovery Fund

World Central Kitchen

California Fire Foundation

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18 Feb 2025S4E4: Other Podcasts You Should Check Out00:34:02

This week, Chris shifts focus to recommending several podcasts that align with the mission of desert protection and conservation. Marissa Ortega Welch’s “How Wild” challenges conventional perceptions of wilderness by exploring cultural narratives that shape our understanding of solitude in nature. With Emily Guerin’s investigative series, "California City," listeners uncover the tantalizing history and real estate tales of this less-known Mojave Desert town. Michael Elizabeth Sakas captivates audiences with "Parched," a series that unpacks the critical water shortages plaguing the Colorado River Basin. And Jennifer Errick from the National Parks Conservation Association's podcast The Secret Lives of Parks gets Chris and Luke Basulto out in the field to talk desert protection Highlighting gems from these productions, this episode celebrates the intricate beauty and significance of deserts in contemporary discourse.

Key Takeaways:

  • Discover various perspectives on wilderness concepts with Marissa Ortega Welch in "How Wild," which critiques the cultural narratives surrounding solitude and wilderness.
  • Explore the thrilling investigative journey of Emily Guerin's podcast "California City" to explore historical and ongoing real estate dynamics in the desert.
  • Gain insights into the pressing water issues facing the Colorado River Basin with Michael Elizabeth Sakas' comprehensive series "Parched."
  • Hear from Jennifer Errick and Luke Basulto on the newly designated Chuckwalla National Monument and the importance of connecting desert landscapes for better ecological health. 

Resources:

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24 Dec 2024S3E37: BLM Cozies Up To Renewable Energy Companies00:36:54
Join Chris Clarke as he discusses apparent collusion between Nevada's BLM staff and energy companies with journalist Jimmy Tobias. In this enlightening episode, explore the controversy surrounding the development of Greenlink transmission lines and their potential environmental impact. Discover how renewable energy initiatives are reshaping Nevada and the tensions arising from these changes. Learn about the concerns from diverse stakeholders, including the National Park Service and local conservationists, while considering the unexpected alliances forming in response to these projects.

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23 Jan 2024S3E2: Biden's Plan to Turn the Desert into a Solar Energy Complex00:37:27

The Draft Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for Utility-Scale Solar energy development is shaping the future of solar in the western United States. In this episode, host Chris Clarke explores the different alternatives proposed in the draft and their potential impact on public lands. He discusses the exclusion areas, the size of land available for solar development, and the importance of considering rooftop solar as an alternative. Listeners are encouraged to comment on the draft and make their voices heard. Tune in to learn more about the future of solar energy in the desert.

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01 Apr 2022S1E7: This Desert Fish was Declared Extinct. Now It Thrives.00:35:56

Considered extinct by the late 1950s, the Shoshone pupfish was rediscovered 36 years ago by a woman who changed her entire town to preserve the species. We talk to Shoshone resident Susan Sorrells about her life and the fish, with context set by Mason Voehl of the Amargosa Conservancy.

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26 Nov 2024S3E35: Reimagine, Rebuild, Resist: Creating the World We Want Together00:41:16

Episode Summary:

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles, the Desert Protection Podcast," host Chris Clarke delivers an impassioned reflection on the results of the recent election. He traces the roots of today's situation to the Reagan administration and beyond, while discussing the challenges the progressive movement faces in countering conservative policies. Highlighting the importance of grassroots activism, Chris emphasizes the need for a unified vision and community involvement to effect meaningful change. Throughout the episode, Chris underscores the significance of a concerted effort to engage people at the local level to tackle environmental threats and social injustices head-on. As the episode unfolds, Chris challenges the environmental movement to broaden its scope, emphasizing the vital need for cooperation with local communities—a strategy successfully utilized by the environmental justice movement. Chris calls for imaginative conceptualizations of a sustainable future while recognizing the obstacles posed by the entrenched political system. He promotes active public engagement and community-based responses as essential components for achieving the envisioned societal change.

Key Takeaways: The importance of grassroots organization and maintaining active engagement in political processes beyond merely voting. Understanding the conservative movement's sustained effort over decades to shape policy and society, contrasting with periodic liberal responses. Articulating a compelling vision for a better world that transcends mere opposition to conservative agendas. The necessity for the environmental movement to connect deeply with local communities and involve them actively in preservation efforts. The role of community in countering national challenges, advocating for local responses to systemic issues. 

Notable Quotes:

"Given that we outnumber them, why are we in this predicament?"

"We've been forced to use tools like the ESA and NEPA. We would have been stupid not to use them."

"We've got to be about more than just opposing our opponents. We have to have a vision of how we want the world to be."

"It's going to involve actually talking to your neighbors in real time, either face to face or on the phone."

Resources:

For further information or to support their efforts, listeners can visit  https://90milesfromneedles.com/stop47 and explore the Trump Opposition Reporting Fund under the "Stop 47" initiative. Additionally, the podcast welcomes financial contributions via https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate.

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21 Sep 2022S1E18 Chris is Stressed Out + Some Good News00:38:35

We're not going to be able to save the desert if we self-immolate. Alicia reads Chris the riot act about taking time to enjoy the desert without being preoccupied by saving it. He responds by heading to the Colorado River. Also, we are happy to report on a major blow to the fiendish Cadiz water mining project, and we read your letters. Well, one letter anyway.

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17 Jan 2022Saving the Dixie Valley Toad00:23:50

Discovered only in 2017, the Dixie Valley toad is found only in one 400-acre hot spring wetland in remote Nevada. Guess where a giant geothermal corporation is ready to build a wetland-draining power plant? We talk to Patrick Donnelly of the Center for Biological Diversity about this wild species threatened by the energy industry, and the Center's campaign to save the toad. Learn how you can help!

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07 Aug 2022S1E15 What Keeps You Going plus Bristlecone Pines00:49:06

With bad news all around, how do we keep up our strength and resolve to protect the places that matter? Chris and Alicia start an ongoing conversation in a couple of those places. In between, 90 Miles from Needles talks to LA Times reporter Louis Sahagun about his reporting on a new problem facing the desert's ancient bristlecone pines.

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26 Aug 2023S2E12: The Majestic Saguaro, Part 101:07:33

We delve into the world of the saguaro cactus, exploring its cultural significance, scientific studies, and more. We talk to journalist Henry Brean of the Arizona Daily Star and Tucson storyteller Audrey Scheere about different aspects of this magnificent plant, the threats it faces,  and how people interact with it — for good or ill. Join us as we uncover the secrets of the saguaro!

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04 Jun 2024S3E17: Submerged No More! Restoring Chemehuevi Land and Traditions00:47:01
Daniel Leivas, Southern Paiute-Chemehuevi from Lake Havasu, shares his journey of reviving ancestral agricultural practices on the Chemehuevi Nation's traditional farm. He narrates how his family transformed the land into a thriving ecosystem. Exploring connections between the land, water, and spirit, Leivas recounts battles with wildlife, environmental conservation efforts, and cultural preservation. Chris Clarke discusses the broader impact of water projects on Native lands while highlighting the resilience and cultural revival spearheaded by Leivas and his community. A deep dive into heritage, sustainability, and the power of connection.

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07 Aug 2024S3E23: Moonlit Deserts and Lost Love00:25:13

In this heartfelt episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke shares an evocative reading from his book, "Walking with Zeke," reflecting on meaningful experiences with his previous dog Zeke. This story reveals the depth of his connection to his pets and nature, illustrating the profound impact these relationships have on his life and work. The touching narrative about camping under the moonlight in Red Rock Canyon offers listeners a serene and introspective break from the podcast's usual format.

Key Takeaways:

  • Balancing Activism and Personal Life: The importance of self-care and maintaining a healthy work-life balance, especially for activists.

  • Personal Challenges: Insights into Chris's recent struggles with extreme weather and his dog's health, fostering a connection with the audience.

  • Evocative Storytelling: Chris's reading from "Walking with Zeke" demonstrates his deep bond with nature and his pets.

 

Notable Quotes:

  1. "Taking care of the desert comes from the same root as taking care of your family, taking care of those around you, however you define family."

  2. "My dog breathes soft against my ribs, and an owl takes wing from the far cliffs, and I sit here, and Zeke with me, and he leans tonight, this moment..."

  3. "It is a thigmotropic partnership, this pairing of dog and human. We crave each other's touch..."

  4. "We arrived too late to claim the sheltered campsites at the base of those cliffs. The wind has scoured this campsite clean of all but the Joshua trees."

  5. "I will recall this moment. I will remember this moment forever, I think to myself."

Resources:

Don't miss out on this moving episode of "90 Miles from Needles" to feel a deeper connection to the desert and the personal lives intertwined with its protection. Stay tuned for more insightful stories and critical discussions about environmental preservation.

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03 Apr 2024S3E10: Can the Wilson's Phalarope Save the Great Salt Lake?00:44:31

Episode Summary:

In this thought-provoking episode of "90 Miles from Needles," the Desert Protection podcast, we journey with the host to the shores of the rapidly shrinking Great Salt Lake and the steps of the Utah State Capitol. We delve into the urgent efforts led by advocates and scientists to save the critical ecosystem of the lake and protect species like the Wilson's Phalarope through the Endangered Species Act.

The discussion highlights the worrying state of the Great Salt Lake, its declining water levels, and the dire consequences for the unique saline ecosystem that supports millions of migratory birds. The plight of the Wilson's Phalarope, a bird species whose existence is threatened by the lake's dehydration, and its petition for federal protection, stands as a stark reminder of the interconnectedness of biodiversity and our responsibility in its stewardship.

About the Guest(s):

Terry Tempest Williams is a renowned author, conservationist, and advocate for environmental justice and human rights. Her work as an essayist and naturalist has been influential in the environmental literature scene. She has a rich publication history on topics related to the American West, wilderness preservation, and social justice. Her notable works include "Refuge: An Unnatural History of Family and Place," a memoir intertwining her family's experience with cancer and the rising Great Salt Lake. Williams' affinity for the natural world and her impact as a voice for conservation have established her as a beloved and respected figure in environmental advocacy.

Patrick Donnelly is the Great Basin Program Director for the Center for Biological Diversity, a leading role in the organization's efforts to protect the wildlife and wild places of Nevada and the Great Basin region. His involvement in conservation spans various projects, including species petitioning and habitat preservation.

Ryan Carl, a biologist with the group Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge, specializes in the study of phalaropes and other wildlife dependent on saline lake ecosystems. His work is crucial in understanding and mitigating the threats these species face due to environmental changes.

Adelaide Scott represents Utah Youth Environmental Solutions, voicing the concerns and active role of younger generations in environmental conservation and advocacy.

Key Takeaways:

  • The Great Salt Lake is experiencing record low water levels, threatening its unique saline ecosystem and the species it supports.
  • The Wilson's Phalarope is under threat, and advocates have petitioned for its protection under the Endangered Species Act.
  • Scientists warn of an ecological collapse of the lake's ecosystem by 2029 without significant conservation efforts.
  • Community leaders, including Terry Tempest Williams, emphasize the moral and societal imperatives of conserving the lake.
  • The episode underscores the importance of a unified approach that includes the voices of marginalized communities and acknowledges social dimensions alongside scientific research.

Notable Quotes:

  • Terry Tempest Williams remarks on the social and spiritual significance of the Great Salt Lake: "Great Salt Lake is my mother…it's a body of water in retreat. Grief and love are siblings."
  • Patrick Donnelly discusses the essential role of the Endangered Species Act: "The Endangered Species act has a 99% success rate at preventing the extinction of the species protected under the act."
  • Ryan Carl shares the global importance of the Great Salt Lake for species like the Wilson's Phalarope: "Great Salt Lake is one of the most important places on the planet for this species."
  • Adelaide Scott reflects on the broader implications of the lake's drying: "It's undeniable that there is a sizable portion of people affected by the loss of the lake who are not being listened to."

Resources:

Listen to the full episode to immerse yourself in the intense and passionate fight to save the Great Salt Lake and prevent an ecological tragedy. Stay tuned for more enlightening conversations and explorations that bring critical environmental issues to the forefront.

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26 Mar 2024S3E9: How Avi Kwa Ame Transformed My Life00:47:39
In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast," host Chris Clarke reflects on the significance of the Avi Kwa Ame National Monument in Nevada. He shares personal stories of his deep connection to the desert landscape and the transformative power it holds. The episode also includes excerpts from the ceremony celebrating the monument's designation and the efforts of local tribes and activists. With stunning descriptions and heartfelt anecdotes, Clarke emphasizes the importance of preserving this sacred and beautiful land.

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02 Nov 2021Season 0 episode 3: Joshua Trees are Trees00:10:25
Hello friends! Transcript of this episode is at 90milesfromneedles.com In this Season Zero short episode, Chris and Alicia discuss the commonly shared urban legend that Joshua trees are not really trees. This is a topic that has gotten on Chris's nerves before. Spoiler: They're trees. Chris cites a biologist on Twitter with a handy definition of tree. Here's the guy. Thanks, Tom. With regard to whether the trees are one or two species, or members of what family? Here's something Chris wrote a while back. Since then, the US Fish and Wildlife Service has decided to treat the trees as belonging to two species: Yucca brevifolia for the western trees (closest to LA) and Yucca jaegeriana for the eastern trees (closest to Las Vegas.) Finally, the teaser reference to "touching Joshua trees" is inspired by a different bit of folklore spread on social media that touching Joshua trees is both illegal and harmful to the tree. To which we would reply that if you can't touch a tree without harming it or breaking the law, you need to rethink the way you are living your life. The trees do have weaker branches than hardwoods and such, though, so lay off with the climbing and hammock-hanging. Thanks for listening! We're really looking forward to our formal launch in January.

Support our show!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/patreon

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17 Jan 2023S2E1: Larrea tridentata a.k.a. the Humble Creosote00:57:51

Welcome to Season 2! Chris and Alicia spend time communing with an 11,700-year-old creosote in the Mojave Desert, and discuss the species' importance as well as the ethics of treating millennia-old beings as disposable.

King Clone's Wikipedia page is here. 

If for some reason you want to learn more about creosote gall midges, you can start here

You can learn more about the Western Solar PEIS, and find out how to make a comment, at this site. Comment deadline is currently February 6, so don't dawdle!

If you're looking for the lin to Letters From the Desert, it's here.

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21 May 2024S3E16: Ash Meadows Faces New Mining Threat00:28:06
In this episode we welcome back Mason Voehl from the Amargosa Conservancy for an engaging and informative update on the situation surrounding Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge and the threat of lithium mining explorations by Rover Critical Minerals. As environmental defenders, the Conservancy alongside partners like the Center for Biological Diversity and the Nature Conservancy has successfully pressed for a pause on Rover's exploration. But Rover has responded by upping the ante.

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29 Jan 2025S4E3: Ivanpah Solar to shut down00:32:52

Episode Summary:

In this extensive episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke dives into the controversial Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating Station project in the Mojave Desert. He examines the ecological impacts of this large-scale solar project, highlighting the tension between renewable energy and biodiversity preservation. Chris discusses the unforeseen consequences on local wildlife, particularly the endangered desert tortoise and avian species, as a consequence of this project. Through a blend of personal narrative and investigative journalism, he offers insights into the ongoing debates over habitat disruption by renewable energy initiatives. The episode continues to chronicle the story of Ivanpah, offering an in-depth analysis of bird mortality rates caused by the solar project's thermal technology. Clarke provides a critical examination of the response from environmentalists, regulatory agencies, and the public to the Ivanpah plant's adverse effects. He contrasts the utility of renewable projects against their ecological costs, challenging the notion of desert landscapes as barren wastelands. Clarke's passion for desert conservation is evident as he reflects on both personal experiences in the Ivanpah Valley and the broader implications of unchecked industrial progress on these fragile ecosystems. Key Takeaways: Large-scale renewable energy projects like the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating Station can have significant negative impacts on local wildlife, including endangered species. There is a crucial need for evaluating the ecological costs of industrial projects against their purported benefits. Conservation often finds itself at odds with technological advancements. Biodiversity preservation should be prioritized even in areas deemed suitable for renewable energy; this requires balancing climate change goals with ecosystem integrity. Economic and technological advancements can abruptly shift narratives and outcomes, as seen with the affordable availability of photovoltaic panels influencing Ivanpah's future. Continuous advocacy, investigative journalism, and public awareness are vital in halting potentially damaging industrial projects but might not solely suffice without economic shifts.

Notable Quotes:

"Are we really so bereft of wisdom that we see this beleaguered but beautiful stretch of ancient desert as nothing more than a blank spot on the map?"

"In the Ivanpah Valley, a place that, though radically altered by the hands of industry, is still precious, still alive, well worth being defended from further unnecessary and destructive change."

"The split happened even within groups…few people fought harder to keep the Ivanpah solar power plant from being built than a handful of Sierra Club members."

"The Ivanpah plant should never have been built."

"Photovoltaics are just cheaper. That's essentially what will force Ivanpah to shut down." 

Listen to the full episode for an eye-opening exploration of the challenges facing desert conservation amid the push for renewable energy. Stay tuned for more insights from "90 Miles from Needles" as we continue to discuss critical environmental issues affecting desert regions.

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24 Jul 2024S3E22: Debunking Snake Misconceptions00:43:04

Chris chats with Lucas Basulto, president of the Desert Advocacy Media Network, from a swelteringly hot living room about snakes in the desert. They trade snake stories, discuss common misconceptions about these reptiles, and stress the ecological importance of preserving their habitats. From Lucas' childhood snake-collecting antics to how to handle snake bites and the issue of road mortality, this episode offers a deep dive into the fascinating world of desert snakes. Whether you're a herpetology enthusiast or just snake-curious, this episode offers valuable insights and engaging discussions. 

The site Luke mentioned for identifying California snakes is californiaherps.com. Similar sites focusing on snakes of other states: Here are Arizona and Texas and New Mexico and Nevada. 

The video of Chris' dog Heart chilling out with a cranky red racer (a.k.a. coachwhip) is here.

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19 Nov 2024S3E34: Hope the Mexican Wolf: A Tale of Survival and Loss in Northern Arizona00:34:49

Join host Chris Clarke as he delves into the poignant tale of Hope, a Mexican wolf, with Greta Anderson from Western Watersheds Project. Discover the politics behind wolf recovery north of Interstate 40, and the broader implications for conservation policy. Anderson highlights the need for policy changes to support the natural dispersion of wolves. This episode underscores the vital work involved in desert protection and emphasizes community efforts in fostering ecological awareness and reform.

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06 Mar 2024S3E7: Saving the Chihuahuan Desert with Frontera Land Alliance00:36:58
Discover the beauty and biodiversity of the Chihuahuan Desert in this episode of "90 Miles from Needles, the Desert Protection Podcast." Host Chris Clarke explores the challenges of conserving this vast desert, primarily located in Mexico but also extending into Texas and New Mexico. He speaks with Janae Reneaud Field, Kathia Gonzalez, and Rocio Ronquillo from El Paso's Frontera Land Alliance, who share their efforts to protect the Castner Range National Monument and educate the community about the importance of preserving the desert's unique ecosystem. Join them on this journey to connect with and conserve the Chihuahuan Desert.

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07 Jun 2022S1E11: Deconstructing Ed Abbey00:38:55

The writer Edward Abbey is revered by many desert activists, and roundly criticized by others, all based on the provocative and occasionally offensive things he wrote. Chris and Alicia talk about the prescient and helpful things Abbey wrote, and about the things they wish that neither Abbey nor anyone else had ever said, some of which have gained currency among the most violent practitioners of rightwing politics.

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09 Apr 2023S2E6: Border Chronicle: Biden Still Building Trump's Border Wall"00:34:34

We here at 90 Miles from Needles are big fans of The Border Chronicle podcast and email newsletter, and in this episode, we're republishing an episode from that podcast first aired in November in which Melissa Del Bosque talks to Texas border activist Scott Nicol about how the Biden Administration is continuing to build Trump's border wall, though it's called something else. From The Border Chronicle's description:

Scott Nicol is an artist, educator and environmentalist in South Texas who has advocated against border wall construction for years and is an expert on the subject. In this Border Chronicle podcast, Nicol talks about the current construction of wall in his community, which is being labeled as “levee repairs.” And he touches on other wall construction happening in other states despite President Biden’s promise during his campaign “that not another foot of wall” would be constructed during his administration.

You can hear more of The Border Chronicle by checking out their website at TheBorderChronicle.com. Their email newsletter is extremely good.

Also! 90 Miles from Needles is going non-profit! Public support of our podcast has been extremely gratifying, and yet we're going to have to bring in more resources to fulfill our vision for this podcast, of covering the whole desert without burning ourselves out -- and adding new voices to the show. We'll be bringing you more information on this as our work progresses over the next few months, getting our paperwork in order and assembling a top-notch and diverse board of desert activists, communicators, and other like-minded heroes.

In the meantime, we could use your donations, if you've been meaning to drop us some cash!

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18 Mar 2025S4E8: Plan Sonora: The New Face of Green Colonialism00:36:12

About the Guest: 

Caroline Tracey is a distinguished writer focusing on topics related to art, literature, environment, and migration in the U.S., the Southwest, Mexico, and borderland regions. Caroline contributes to the Border Chronicle, among other reputable publications such as N1, The Nation, and The Guardian. Not only does she have expertise in English, but she is also trilingual, proficient in Spanish and Russian. Caroline's significant contributions to journalism include winning the 2019 Scoundrel Time Summer Literary Seminars nonfiction contest for her work on migrant deaths in South Texas. With a PhD in geography from UC Berkeley, Caroline is currently working on a book about salt lakes, set to be published by W.W. Norton.

Episode Summary:

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke converses with Caroline Tracey, a talented journalist with a focus on the borderlands of the U.S. and Mexico. The discussion revolves around Plan Sonora, a significant energy transition and development initiative in the Mexican state of Sonora, which borders the U.S. state of Arizona. Through this lens, Caroline explores the impacts of renewable and fossil fuel energy developments, such as lithium mining and solar arrays, on both local ecosystems and indigenous communities. Her insights underscore the complex balance between industrial progress and environmental conservation. The episode gives an in-depth look at Plan Sonora's four key components: a major solar array in Rocky Point, the nationalization of lithium mining reserves, an expansive natural gas pipeline project, and logistic developments that aim to transform Sonora into an economic hub. Caroline delves into activism efforts against these developments, particularly highlighting successful campaigns led by environmental groups against the Mexico Pacific's Saguaro Energy Project. By doing so, she paints a vivid picture of the current tensions between commercial ambitions and advocacy for ecological protection and cultural preservation.

Key Takeaways:

Plan Sonora: This encompasses solar power projects, lithium mining, natural gas pipeline proposals, and logistical developments, transforming Sonora into a critical player in renewable energy.

Cross-border Impacts: Renewable energy developments in Mexico cater largely to U.S. demands, raising concerns about "green colonialism."

Opposition and Activism: Indigenous communities and environmental activists are actively opposing certain projects due to cultural and environmental implications, most notably the pipeline and terminal proposals along the Gulf of California.

Political Dynamics: Recent changes in Mexico's administration and judicial system reform are smoothing the way for energy investment and curtailing environmental regulations. 

Economic and Environmental Tensions: Despite opportunities for economic growth, critics argue these projects risk damaging vital ecosystems and stripping local communities of benefits.

Notable Quotes:

"Personally, I increasingly think that enlisting large corporations to do your climate mitigation work is inevitably going to kick you in the butt." - Chris Clarke

"They plan to build a couple other solar plants that are of similar size…[in] the Gulf of California." - Caroline Tracey

"There are four pipelines that are being developed right now…[raising] economic development to the detriment of people in Mexico." - Caroline Tracey

"If indeed we're going to transition to renewable energy, that means first of all, stopping new extraction projects." - Caroline Tracey

Resources:

Caroline Tracey’s work at the Border Chronicle: https://www.theborderchronicle.com

Caroline Tracey’s personal website: https://cetracey.com

Ballenas ó Gas in Spanish: https://ballenasogas.org/
and in English: https://whalesorgas.org/

Article by By Martha Pskowski, Inside Climate News, and Alejandra Martinez, the Texas Tribune on opposition to the Saguaro Pipeline in Van Horn, TX: https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20122023/west-texans-rally-against-cross-border-pipeline/

Stay tuned to "90 Miles from Needles" for more enlightening discussions on desert protection and environmental advocacy.

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18 Jun 2024S3E19: Oh, those dark desert skies00:46:42

About the Guest(s):

Mitch Miller: Mitch Miller is a seasoned landscape photographer based in Joshua Tree, California. With a career that started in 1981, Mitch has a unique affection for capturing night sky images. His extensive knowledge of Joshua Tree National Park and a deep connection to the desert landscape informs his artistic pursuits. Mitch's work reflects a profound appreciation for the interrelationship between natural beauty and celestial phenomena.

Steve Bardwell: Steve Bardwell is the President of the Morongo Basin Conservation Association. Steve has been an advocate for desert preservation since 1990, contributing significantly to the community’s efforts to protect natural resources, including the enactment of the San Bernardino County Light Trespass Ordinance. His dedication to environmental conservation is backed by a deep appreciation for the desert environment and its intrinsic value.

Episode Summary:

In this enlightening episode of 90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast, host Chris Clarke delves into the importance of dark skies over the Southern California desert. With guests Mitch Miller and Steve Bardwell, the conversation navigates the significance of reducing light pollution for the benefit of human health, wildlife, and astrophotography. This episode also updates listeners on the latest progress of the light trespass ordinance in San Bernardino County.

Beginning with an update on Chris's dog, Heart, and a shout-out to followers and contributors, the conversation soon shifts to the importance of dark skies. Mitch Miller shares his journey with night sky photography, describing its artistic and sensory aspects. Steve Bardwell discusses the scientific reasons behind the need for dark skies including the detrimental effects of artificial lighting on human and wildlife health. This episode is filled with practical insights into the ongoing struggle to preserve dark skies and the pivotal roles played by various organizations in enforcing regulations.

Key Takeaways:

  • The Importance of Dark Skies: Dark skies are crucial for human health, wildlife, and preserving natural night views.
  • The Light Trespass Ordinance: Enacted to reduce light pollution, this ordinance impacts exterior lighting regulations in San Bernardino County.
  • Community Involvement: The successful passage of the light trespass ordinance involved concerted efforts from local and national organizations.
  • Astrophotography Appeal: Mitch Miller’s night sky photography work underscores the beauty of naturally dark environments and their importance.
  • Practical Lighting Solutions: Tips on how to implement dark sky-compliant lighting using simple, cost-effective methods are shared.

Notable Quotes:

  1. "Landscape photography is about knowing where to stand and when to stand there." – Mitch Miller
  2. "Nature evolved with dark skies, and artificial light is throwing a wrench in the whole work." – Steve Bardwell
  3. "Light pollution is like bringing up the house lights during the best song." – Mitch Miller
  4. "It's glare that creates unsafe conditions because you can't see when you have a lot of glare." – Steve Bardwell
  5. "You can take simple steps like painting the inside of a fixture or using a rusted can to shield light efficiently." – Steve Bardwell

Resources:

For more on preserving our desert environment and to stay updated on the fight against light pollution, be sure to listen to the full episode and stay tuned for upcoming content from 90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast.

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18 Dec 2024S3E36: Laughing Coyotes and Saguaro Dreams: An Unlikely Desert Awakening00:33:28

The desert is more than a landscape; it is home. Chris Clarke's personal narrative exemplifies this connection, merging personal reflection with broader ecological advocacy. For those invested in its fate, the desert isn't just a geographic location—it's an integral part of their identity, a family to defend. And as challenges of development and conservation persist, this community remains steadfast, ever-present in their resolve and bound by the timeless spirit of the desert. 

Key Takeaways:  

Desert Conservation Journeys: Chris reflects on a year dedicated to exploring and advocating for desert ecosystems, discussing topics ranging from Joshua Trees to border policy to water laws in Nevada. 

Personal Connection to the Desert: Chris shares personal stories that underline how the desert has become central to his identity and life mission, encapsulating the strong emotional and environmental connection. 

Collaborations and Interviews: The podcast featured numerous influential figures in desert advocacy in 2024, providing diverse perspectives on ecological and cultural issues affecting desert regions. 

Challenges and Triumphs: The episode touches on both the successes and setbacks in desert conservation efforts, emphasizing the persistent need for active advocacy. 

Community Engagement: Through listener stories and support, the podcast fosters a sense of community around the shared goal of protecting desert habitats for future generations. 

Notable Quotes:  
"I am the desert and the desert is me."  
"There is just something about this part of the world that speaks to me."  
"We are literally all related. How can we not defend this place?"  
"The desert needs you in 2025 more than it did in 2024." 

Resources
90 Miles from Needles https://90milesfromneedles.com 
Desert Advocacy Media Network https://thedamn.org 
Our Desert News Newsletter https://desertnews.substack.com

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25 Dec 2023S2E16: Protecting Desert Bighorn Sheep from Habitat Loss and Disease00:45:38

About The Guest(s):

Dr. Christina Aiello is a bighorn sheep biologist and research associate with Oregon State University. She has dedicated her career to studying and conserving desert wildlife, particularly desert tortoises and desert bighorn sheep. With a focus on the Mojave Desert region, Dr. Aiello's research examines the impacts of habitat loss, fragmentation, and climate change on bighorn sheep populations.

Summary:

Dr. Christina Aiello joins host Chris Clarke to discuss the conservation of desert bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert. They explore the threats facing these iconic animals, including habitat loss, fragmentation, and the spread of respiratory diseases. Dr. Aiello highlights the importance of maintaining genetic diversity and connectivity between bighorn populations to ensure their long-term survival. They also discuss the potential impacts of the proposed high-speed rail project on bighorn sheep movement and the need for wildlife crossings to mitigate habitat fragmentation. Despite the challenges, Dr. Aiello remains hopeful and inspired by the resilience of desert wildlife.

As a bonus, desert writer Louise Mathias offers a related commentary on the likely impact of the proposed Soda Mountain Solar Project on bighorn sheep in Mojave National Preserve.

Key Takeaways:

  1. Desert bighorn sheep require rocky, high-elevation terrain with access to water and forage.
  2. Habitat loss and fragmentation from urbanization and infrastructure development are major threats to bighorn sheep populations.
  3. Bighorn sheep exhibit natural movements and rely on connectivity between habitats for genetic diversity and survival.
  4. Wildlife crossings, such as overpasses, are crucial for facilitating bighorn sheep movement and maintaining population connectivity.
  5. Bighorn sheep are susceptible to respiratory diseases, which can be introduced through contact with domestic livestock.
  6. Genetic diversity plays a vital role in bighorn sheep's ability to resist and recover from diseases.
  7. The proposed high-speed rail project in the Mojave Desert will further fragment bighorn sheep habitat and hinder their movements.
  8. Protecting and improving degraded habitats can still benefit wildlife, as they demonstrate resilience and adaptability.

Quotes:

  • "Bighorn sheep will make use of a bad situation that we hand them and get as much from that landscape as they can." - Dr. Christina Aiello
  • "Wildlife crossings are a public health measure for bighorn sheep." - Dr. Christina Aiello

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29 Jan 2024S3E3: The Fight Against Flamingo 640; How a Community Stood Up to Big Development00:42:19

In this episode, host Chris Clarke discusses the successful fight against a proposed glamping project called Flamingo 640 in the California desert. Clarke is joined by community member Caroline Partamian, former president of the Homestead Valley Community Council Justin Merino, and Luke Basulto from the National Parks Conservation Association. They discuss the negative impacts the project would have had on wildlife, traffic, and the peaceful atmosphere of the area. Through community organizing and advocacy, they were able to successfully defeat the project. Tune in to learn more about their efforts to protect the desert landscape.

Save our Deserts Website is here.

Listen to Other Desert Radio here.

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18 Feb 2023S2E4: Protecting Wonder Valley01:01:10

Alicia talks to a well-organized group of desert denizens who are working together to stop an inappropriate development from destroying their way of life, and the desert environment they cherish. 

For more information, or to tell California's San Bernardino County to insist on a full environmental review of the project, see stopwonderinn.org

Extra thanks to Lucas Basulto of NPCA and Saving Slowpoke, and to the wonderful Lisa M. for reading samples from the writing of Helen Bagley. Watch this site for news of Lisa's performance in March.

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20 Aug 2024S3E24: The Fight to Protect the Pahrump Valley00:45:26

The rise of renewable energy projects, particularly solar farms, in desert regions has sparked concern regarding their impact on native wildlife, including the desert tortoises. Solar panels cover vast tracts of land to capture sunlight efficiently, which can lead to habitat loss for the tortoises. They can be displaced from their native habitats, or their genetic connectivity can be disrupted. Moreover, the construction and maintenance of these solar farms can lead to direct harm or increase the risk of predator attacks as the landscape changes.

We talk to Kevin Emmerich of Basin and Range Watch about his group's proposal to protect thousands of acres in Nevada's Pahrump Valley by establishing an Area of Critical Environmental Concern, a BLM designation that could rein in the most destructive projects.

Basin and Range Watch: https://www.basinandrangewatch2.org/

Subscribe to Basin and Range Watch's email newsletter here.

Listen to our episode Shannon Salter Fights to Save the Desert.

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26 Jun 2024S3E20: Desert Protection versus Climate Capitalism: Can we have both?00:26:37

A representative of a Canadian mining firm poised to damage Ash Meadows and the Amargosa says opponents might be shills for oil and gas companies. We take him to task. We often hear that sacrificing natural landscapes is a necessary evil for renewable energy. But as Rebecca Wisent says, “...the conversation now is almost entirely about ways to handle climate change without changing how we live.” We can do better.

We're going on a brief hiatus: Back July 9.

 

About the Guest(s):

Chris Clarke is the host of the "90 Miles from Needles" podcast and a prominent advocate for desert protection. His extensive work includes contributions to the Desert Advocacy Media Network, where he serves as the driving force behind several conservation initiatives. Chris is also heavily involved in local grassroots movements and has a wealth of knowledge about the ecological and cultural significance of desert environments.

Joe G. is the voiceover artist for the "90 Miles from Needles" podcast. His role adds a dynamic and engaging element to the show's introduction and closing segments.

Episode Summary:

Welcome to another impactful episode of the "90 Miles from Needles: Desert Protection Podcast," hosted by Chris Clarke. In this emotionally charged episode, Chris dedicates the show to his late brother-in-law, Greg Oberg, and announces a brief hiatus to address personal and professional commitments. Moving forward, Chris dives deep into the heated opposition faced by Rover Critical Minerals in Amargosa Valley, where residents are raising concerns about the potential environmental damage of lithium mining.

Throughout the episode, Chris Clarke utilizes his platform to shed light on the environmental and social ramifications of resource extraction, highlighting the stark opposition from local communities, environmental advocates, and indigenous tribes. With compelling arguments, he challenges the narrative that pits renewable energy initiatives against environmental conservation, calling out the misleading tactics used by companies like Rover Critical Minerals. By emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that considers both human needs and ecological preservation, Chris provides a thought-provoking discourse on modern energy policies and desert protection.

Key Takeaways:

  • Personal Tribute: Chris Clarke dedicates this episode to his late brother-in-law, Greg Oberg, and announces a short hiatus for personal and professional reasons.
  • Community Opposition: The residents of Amargosa Valley are unanimously opposed to Rover Critical Minerals' lithium mining plans, citing threats to local groundwater and ecosystems.
  • Environmental Conservation: Chris highlights the tension between renewable energy projects and environmental protection, criticizing the tactics of some industry proponents.
  • Desert Advocacy: The episode underscores the importance of protecting desert habitats and respecting the cultural and ecological significance of these landscapes.
  • Unified Resistance: Diverse groups, including environmentalists, local communities, and indigenous tribes, are coming together to resist harmful mining practices in the desert.

Notable Quotes:

  1. "Gregory Oberg was an excellent brother-in-law. Thank you for everything, Greg." - Chris Clarke
  2. "People in Amargosa Valley are justifiably upset at Rover Critical Minerals." - Chris Clarke
  3. "There is no renewable energy industry. There is just the energy industry." - Chris Clarke
  4. "It's just ego. Just ego is all it is." - Chris Clarke
  5. "The degree to which we, as a species, disregard the importance of any other species we share this planet with…" - Chris Clarke

Resources:

For those passionate about environmental conservation and interested in the delicate balance between energy development and ecological preservation, this episode is a must-listen. Stay tuned for more from "90 Miles from Needles," and join us at the next watering hole. See you on July 9.

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16 Feb 2022S1E4: The End of the Cadillac Desert: Megadrought in the Southwest00:37:12

As we publish, scientists are announcing that the last dozen years are the driest in more than a millennium. With the desert's cities ever more dependent on water from the Colorado River, how will southwestern society meet the challenge of hyper-aridity? Chris and Alicia get water wonky with Kyle Roerink of the Great Basin Water Network.

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20 Feb 2024S3E5: Protecting the Great Bend of the Gila00:35:06
Join host Chris Clarke as he explores the proposed Great Bend of the Gila National Monument with advocates Skylar Begay and Mike Quigley. They discuss the importance of protecting this pristine Sonoran Desert landscape, rich in cultural and natural history. With the threat of encroaching development and destructive recreation, the establishment of the monument would safeguard significant cultural sites and provide habitat for endangered species like the Sonoran pronghorn.

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02 Mar 2022S1E5: Where Have All The Flowers Gone?00:43:19

Spring is coming, and that means that hundreds of thousands of people start thinking about visiting the desert to see the "superbloom."  But even in the rare years when it happens, there's a right way and a wrong way to take in the desert flower show. Chris and Alicia offer tips. Plus: a note on Ukraine, and an update on the Dixie Valley Toad. Episode photo by CA State Parks

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19 Mar 2023S2E5: The Problems with Desert Solar00:52:10

The US Interior Department is rethinking the ways it has managed big corporate solar on public lands, and we have opinions. Chris pontificates based on his many years of covering public lands renewable energy as a recovering journalist, and Alicia interrupts his solarsplaining once in a while to inject some non-jargon-ridden analysis.

We love solar! We want it in our backyards! And we want to protect desert habitat from industrial development. We can do both.

Also: we announce a new project, a special project podcast focusing on the wonderful Amargosa Basin in Nevada and California. More on that soon.

 If you'd like to hear more of Charlie King's work, check out his website at charlieking.org. 

The album Chris mentions in the closing notes can be purchased here, with all proceeds going to the artist.

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08 Oct 2024S3E29: Barbed Wire and Border Walls: The Unseen Cost of Fragmented Habitats00:55:23

About the Guest:

Ben Goldfarb is an award-winning environmental journalist and prolific author known for his focus on the intersection of human activity and wildlife. His works, including Crossings: How Road Ecology Is Shaping the Future of Our Planet, explore groundbreaking ecological concepts and have been recognized by outlets such as the New York Times. Goldfarb's influential book Eager: The Surprising, Secret Life of Beavers and Why They Matter has received critical acclaim for its insightful examination of the ecological significance of beavers. He currently resides in Colorado.

Episode Summary: In this episode of 90 Miles from Needles, host Chris Clarke engages in a thought-provoking dialogue with environmental journalist Ben Goldfarb. The focus is on the nuanced field of road ecology and its implications on desert ecosystems. Clarke and Goldfarb delve into the effects of roads on wildlife, touching on staggering statistics like the million animals killed by cars daily in the U.S. alone. They explore how roadkill, highways, and infrastructures challenge species such as desert tortoises and pronghorns in arid regions, combining environmental insight with ground-level observations. As the conversation unfolds, Goldfarb expands on the transformative role of road ecology—a growing scientific discipline that examines the relationship between transportation infrastructures and ecological systems. He highlights pressing issues including hydrological impacts, wildlife mobility, and innovative solutions like wildlife crossings to promote ecological connectivity. Clarke and Goldfarb also explore technologies, policies, and community efforts aimed at mitigating the adverse impacts of roads on the environment, weaving in discussions on living sustainability in desert habitats.

Key Takeaways

Road Ecology Definition: Road ecology is a dynamic scientific field focusing on how transportation infrastructure affects the environment, with extended applications from mitigating roadkill to supporting wildlife crossings. Impact on Desert Ecosystems: Roads in desert landscapes alter wildlife movement and hydrology, posing severe threats to species needing extensive ranges like the desert tortoise and pronghorn.

Wildlife Crossings: Successful wildlife crossings such as the Liberty Canyon project are vital in reducing road mortality and ensuring wildlife connectivity, especially in regions with high biodiversity.

Human Infrastructure Influence: The conversation highlights how human infrastructure can drive either positive ecological developments as in beaver habitats or embody detrimental impacts like excessive road development.

Beavers in Arid Lands: Goldfarb emphasizes that beavers once played a crucial role in maintaining riparian ecosystems in deserts, underlining the potential for ecosystem restoration.

Notable Quotes

"Road ecology is this relatively small but fast-growing field of science that looks at all of the different connections between roads and nature." – Ben Goldfarb "Beavers are sort of integral to those systems… the amount of lush flourishing in desert landscapes is incredible." – Ben Goldfarb

"Every ecological impact stems from a road to some extent. Roads are the root of all evil." – Ben Goldfarb

"We happen to do it in a way that is incredibly detrimental to biodiversity." – Ben Goldfarb

"In some ways, we and beavers are these weird mirror images of each other." – Ben Goldfarb

Resources

Ben Goldfarb's Book: Crossings: How Road Ecology Is Shaping the Future of Our Planet Ben Goldfarb's Book: Eager: The Surprising, Secret Life of Beavers and Why They Matter

Don’t miss out on this enlightening episode as Ben Goldfarb shares his invaluable insights into road ecology and its profound impact on desert ecosystems. Follow 90 Miles from Needles for more episodes that delve into pressing environmental issues and explore sustainable solutions.

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25 Oct 2022S1E20: California still doesn't know what to do about the western Joshua tree00:53:28

On October 12, the California Fish and Game Commission postponed a decision yet again on whether to grant the western Joshua tree protection under the California Endangered Species Act. Chris and Alicia speak to Brendan Cummings of the Center for Biological Diversity about what happened, and what the future holds for the beleaguered tree. Plus news!

Learn more about the Center for Biological Diversity: https://biologicaldiversity.org/

Listen to the California Fish and Game Commission's October 12 meeting: https://cal-span.org/meeting/cfg_20221012/

Read the Salt Lake Tribune article on Steven Lund's crackpot nuclear idea to "save" the Great Salt Lake: https://www.sltrib.com/news/environment/2022/10/19/another-wild-idea-save-great/

Comment on the Rough Hat Clark County solar project: https://www.blm.gov/press-release/blm-seeks-comments-proposed-rough-hat-clark-county-solar-project-near-pahrump

Basin and Range Watch has more about Rough Hat Clark County solar: https://www.basinandrangewatch.org/RoughHat-Solar.html 

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04 Mar 2025S4E6: The Desert Speaks Out00:27:48

Episode Summary:
In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke delves into two pivotal events illuminating the current challenges and triumphs in desert conservation efforts. The episode captures the essence of grassroots advocacy, community solidarity, and the ongoing struggle to protect unique desert landscapes from economic exploitation. Chris shares inspiring stories of dedication and sacrifice from residents of Amargosa Valley, Nevada, and Joshua Tree, demonstrating the collective effort to conserve natural resources for future generations. The episode takes listeners to a community meeting in Amargosa Valley, where residents are voicing their support for protecting Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge from mining threats. With a focus on preserving local ecosystems and species like the Devils Hole Pupfish, Chris highlights the shift in community attitudes towards a sustainable future. In the latter part of the episode, Chris covers a demonstration in Joshua Tree where numerous activists protest staffing cuts in the National Park Service. These cuts threaten park maintenance and visitor safety, sparking an outcry from passionate community members who recognize the intrinsic value of national parks as public treasures.

Key Takeaways:

  • The Amargosa Valley community's remarkable support for stricter limits on mining activity reflects a strong endorsement of preserving local ecosystems and endemic species.
  • The growing reliance on national parks for economic and ecological balance underscores the importance of protecting staffing levels to maintain safety and conservation efforts.
  • Community members from various backgrounds, along with city officials, unite to oppose federal budget cuts affecting Joshua Tree National Park, highlighting the fiscal and environmental repercussions.
  • Direct personal connections to desert landscapes drive local activism, emphasizing how environmental issues remain deeply personal and community-oriented.
  • Listening to voices advocating for nature over profit reaffirms the enduring human spirit favoring sustainability and communal well-being over economic gain.

Notable Quotes:

"I'm here because I believe nature is more important than money and profit and capitalism and billionaires." - Katie Joy

"The loss of this delicate place would be a terrible day. In my view, the protection of the Amargosa is non-negotiable." - Amargosa Valley Resident

"This national park is the Joshua Tree national park…we need to be here doing everything that we can, the rangers and the community, to mitigate all of these threats to Joshua Trees and protect this place." - Sant Khalsa

Resources:

90 Miles from Needles Amargosa Mineral Withdrawal episode: https://www.90milesfromneedles.com/s4e2

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Information on Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/ash-meadows

Joshua Tree National Park: https://www.nps.gov/jotr

Growing list of firings at individual NPS units: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1CJgh2K4KG7Ewcp8f-MxrE3y64yRy5N-tND10X3Wmks4/edit?gid=807158143#gid=807158143

Podcast episode photo courtesy the Desert Trumpet, at https://www.deserttrumpet.org/

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11 Jul 2023S2E10 Save Ash Meadows!00:39:26

Mason Voehl from the Amargosa Conservancy joins hosts Chris Clarke and Alicia Pike to discuss the threat posed by a Canadian mining company's plans to conduct exploratory drilling for lithium near the Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in Nevada. The drilling could potentially puncture the aquifer and cause catastrophic damage to the fragile ecosystem. The hosts highlight the conflict between the need for renewable energy and the preservation of biodiversity, and call for public support to protect Ash Meadows. They provide a petition and encourage donations to the Amargosa Conservancy to help in the fight.

Episode photo of Devils Hole pupfish by Olin Feuerbacher/US Fish and Wildlife Service

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18 Jan 2023S2E2: Remembering Phil Pister00:09:05

Edwin P. (Phil) Pister, who died January 17, was a fisheries biologist long employed by the California Department of Fish and Game (now Fish and Wildlife.) He was involved in working to protect numerous fish in Eastern California and beyond, including the golden trout and the Devils Hole pupfish. We here republish an excerpt of Episode 7 from Season 1 that featured Phil talking about the moment when he literally, with his own two hands, saved the Owens pupfish from extinction. 

Phil was also a founding member of the Desert Fishes Council, which you can join here. Thanks to the DFC for putting Phil's photo where we could swipe it. (Edited to add: Photo taken by John Wullschleger.) And thanks to Phil for everything.

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20 Jun 2022S1E12: What's Happening to the Monsoon?00:39:26

Climate change has been happening in the desert for some time now. While consensus isn't complete, most experts agree that more warming will make the desert hotter and drier. But at the same time, while individual monsoon thunderstorms will get less frequent, they may become more destructive. 90 Miles from Needles visits Jan Emming, owner of Desert Sense Nursery in Yucca, AZ, who has been paying attention to the changes in his local weather for 22 years now.

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16 Mar 2022S1E6: Co(yot)existence — how to live with coyotes00:43:43

They're more complicated than the howling silhouette on your bespoke candle holder from Santa Fe, and more interesting. Chris and Alicia discuss living with coyotes in the desert, what they offer, what they don't offer, and how we can best get along. Also: updates on Colorado River drought and Cima Dome wildflowers.  

Episode image © Peter Thoeny, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

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01 Jan 2022Welcome to 90 Miles from Needles! Our inaugural episode00:54:17
In this first episode, Chris and Alicia head out to Sand Draw, a beautiful and vibrant bit of desert dry wash woodland in the Mojave Desert that almost became an industrial sacrifice zone for the energy industry. It's a good place to see why the desert needs protection, what's at stake, and that desert protectors can win. We mention Paul Loeb's book Soul of a Citizen, which is available here: https://www.paulloeb.org/soul-of-a-citizen/ . Highly recommended, especially if you're wondering whether you have it in you to become an activist. Note that Loeb doesn't use the word "citizen" in the sense of someone born in a certain place or with a theoretical legal right to be in a place: it's all about community involvement. Speaking of community involvement, we'd like to thank the folks who called in and left us voicemail messages with their views about desert protection. You sparked some great conversation.

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26 Feb 2025S4E5: DOGE Layoffs Are Sabotaging Public Lands00:40:29

About the Guest

Kristen Brengel serves as the Senior Vice President of Government Affairs for the National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA). With extensive experience in advocacy and policy, Kristen has been a pivotal voice in the conservation and protection of national parks across the United States. Her work involves lobbying on Capitol Hill, engaging with international media, and championing environmental policies that safeguard public lands and ecosystems. Kristen is a long-time advocate for the protection of public lands, bringing awareness and action to issues impacting national parks and their staff. 

Episode Summary

In this episode, we discuss the recent layoffs affecting the National Park Service and other land management agencies. Featuring Kristen Brengel of the National Parks Conservation Association, the episode looks into the devastating effects of the recent federal workforce reductions on desert public lands and conservation efforts. Listeners will gain a deeper understanding of the challenges facing park staff and the significant measures needed to restore these vital environmental protections. Chris and Kristen explore the impact of thousands of layoffs within the National Park Service and other federal agencies, critically affecting the management and protection of public lands in the desert and beyond. The conversation touches on the importance of seasonal and probationary workers to the National Park Service and how their abrupt terminations are undermining both visitor safety and conservation efforts. Kristen emphasizes the urgent need for public action to support park staff and shares strategies for pressuring Congress to reverse these harmful reductions.

Key Takeaways

Thousands of employees across federal land management agencies, including the National Park Service, have faced unjustified layoffs, severely impacting public lands protection. The layoffs include significant numbers of seasonal and probationary workers who provide essential services such as search and rescue, impacting visitor safety and park operations. Kristen Brengel emphasizes the critical role of Congress in reversing these layoffs and urges public action to pressure lawmakers to protect public land staff.

Despite the bleak circumstances, there are positive discoveries in national parks, such as the finding of a new plant genus, Ovicula biradiata, in Big Bend National Park. The episode advises on the economic and cultural importance of national parks to local gateway communities, highlighting the broader impacts of workforce reductions.

Notable Quotes

"In just over a week, the Park Service has lost 9% of its staff. It's not like there is a plan in place to handle this decrease in staff."

"Parks have a ripple effect on the economy. It's just pure math when you look at the economics of this."

"It's not like the Park Service had an alternative plan. It's a dramatic and traumatic cut."

"This is not the year to go on a rigorous hike. We want people to be safe, and we're worried about folks going into the summer."

Resources

National Parks Conservation Association https://www.npca.org/

Contact your Congressional representatives to advocate against federal layoffs in national parks: https://www.house.gov/representatives/find-your-representative

90 Miles from Needles' donation page: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

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12 Nov 2024S3E33: Dr. Naomi Fraga on the Frontlines of Botanical Conservation00:45:04
Join host Chris Clarke and guest Dr. Naomi Fraga, Director of Conservation Programs at the California Botanic Garden, as they explore the challenges and successes in desert plant conservation in Nevada. Discover the plight of Tiehm's buckwheat threatened by a lithium-boron mining project and the promising steps toward protection for the Tecopa bird's beak. Navigate the complexities of environmental protection amid rapid industrialization and learn about the vibrant ecosystems that hang in the balance. Discover how these efforts intertwine with broader themes of sustainability and environmental stewardship.

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27 Aug 2024S3E25: Utah's Public Lands Lawsuit Sparks Controversy00:34:59

Public lands in Utah take center stage as Governor Spencer Cox announces a lawsuit aiming to shift control of those lands from federal to state hands. Chris Clarke explores the implications with Jonathan Thompson, a long-time public lands journalist. They dissect the motivations behind the lawsuit, potential impacts on conservation and recreation, and the significance of the proposed change for implementing laws like NEPA. Is Utah's push a genuine effort for better land management, or a pretext for more development and less regulation? Dive into this detailed discussion to understand what’s at stake for Utah’s cherished landscapes.

Jonathan's newsletter The Land Desk can be read here.

 

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07 Nov 2022S1E21: The Desert Tortoise Still Has a Chance00:59:56

The largest reptile in the Mojave faces threats ranging from predation to illegal collection to loss of habitat. But the desert tortoise has defenders.

We talk to Tim Shields of Hardshell Labs  about his campaign to use 21st century tech to help the tortoises, and Luke Basulto of Saving Slowpoke (and the National Parks Conservation Association's California Desert team) about his work to bring the beast a new generation of supporters in communities of color.

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28 Nov 2022S1E22: Season Finale! Ironwoods: the Sonoran Desert's Tree of Life. Plus thank you01:12:18

The desert ironwood, Olneya tesota, is the basis of an entire ecosystem in the Sonoran desert. And this ecosystem includes people. Alicia and Chris hike in Ironwood Country and talk to the renowned Petey Mesquitey, host of Growing Native on KXCI in Tucson AZ, about this wonderful tree. We also take a little time to thank those of you who've made our first season a resounding success. Check us out at 90milesfromneedles.com to see what we have planned for 2023!

Listen to Petey Mesquitey's Growing Native at https://kxci.org/programs/growing-native-with-petey-mesquitey/

This episode is dedicated in memory of 90 Miler and Patreon supporter Heather Hurley, who persuaded Chris 20 years ago that Boron, CA was a more interesting place than he had realized. We will miss you, friend.

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13 Jun 2023S2E9: What We Got Wrong About the Desert00:54:31

We spend a lot of time correcting misapprehensions about the desert. But don't get the impression we think we're flawless! We've made our share of mistakes about the desert as well. In this episode, we share some of the things we once thought about the desert that are just plain wrong, on topics ranging from rainfall to rattlesnakes. And of course we do this on a hike in the Mojave Desert.

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22 Oct 2024S3E31: Return of the Lobo: Restoring Texas' Mexican Wolves00:52:01

About the Guest(s):

Chris Clarke
is the host of the "90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast." He brings a wealth of knowledge about wildlife and conservation topics, particularly relating to the American Southwest's deserts.

Rick LoBello is the Education and Conservation Curator at the El Paso Zoo and Botanical Gardens, with previous experience as a park ranger at Big Bend National Park. A founding member of the Texas Lobo Coalition, Rick has decades of experience advocating for the conservation of the Mexican wolf.

Erin Hunt is an advocate with Lobos of the Southwest. She has over 16 years of experience working on Mexican wolf conservation, particularly in public education, outreach, and coexistence efforts with ranching communities.

Philip Sozanski is an AP U.S. History and AP Research teacher, and an independent historian focusing on environmental history. He is a board member of the Texas Lobo Coalition, with a strong interest in Texas's natural heritage and history of wildlife conservation.

Episode Summary:

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke delves into the crucial work of the Texas Lobo Coalition to restore the Mexican wolf to its former ranges in West Texas. Featuring insightful discussions with Rick LoBello, Erin Hunt, and Philip Sozanski, the episode captures the passion and urgency behind their conservation efforts. The group's goal is to foster coexistence between wolves and locals, creating a balanced ecosystem that benefits wildlife and people alike. Throughout the episode, listeners learn about the historical and ecological significance of the Mexican wolf, also known as the Lobo, in Texas. Rick LoBello shares his extensive experience with wolf conservation, while Erin Hunt discusses the importance of restoring ecosystems to ensure a future for diverse species, including the Mexican wolf. Philip Sozanski highlights the historical challenges and the cultural fears attached to wolves, which have persisted for centuries. Together, they make a compelling case for reintroducing this essential apex predator, emphasizing the potential positive impact on the Texas landscape.

 

Key Takeaways:

 

The Texas Lobo Coalition works tirelessly to create support among local landowners and the broader community for reintroducing the Mexican wolf to Texas.

Mexican wolves once roamed parts of Texas but were hunted to near extinction by the mid-20th century due to conflicts with livestock farming.

Current conservation efforts emphasize the ecological benefits of wolves, including maintaining healthy prey populations and ecosystems.

Myths and fears about wolves persist, but evidence shows they pose little threat to human safety; education is crucial to change outdated perceptions.

Restoring the Mexican wolf requires collaboration, empathy, and understanding that successful coexistence leads to healthier environments for all.

Notable Quotes:

  1. "Our main aim is to find a way to give this animal a chance to return to its native landscape." – Rick LoBello 2. "We're not necessarily asking people to love wolves. We're asking people, what do you need from this land that you care about?" – Erin Hunt
  2. "Texans are rabid about their history and about their heritage, and the natural history of Texas is incomplete without the presence of this iconic species." – Philip Sozanski
  3. "Coexistence is absolutely possible. We know it works." – Erin Hunt

Resources:

 Texas Lobo Coalition: [texaslobocoalition.org](https://www.texaslobocoalition.org)

Lobos of the Southwest: [https://mexicanwolves.org/](https://www. https://mexicanwolves.org/) *

Wolf Conservation Center: [nywolf.org](https://www.nywolf.org)

 

Join us as we explore fascinating topics about desert wildlife conservation and the intricate dynamics of ecosystems. Listen to the full episode to discover how you too can support efforts to bring back the majestic Mexican wolf to its rightful home.

 

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06 Jan 2025Season Four coming soon!00:02:00
Explore the vital efforts in desert conservation with the return of "90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast." Season four kicks off on January 14th. We explore the profound impact the desert has on global environmental health. Join the journey to save the desert and uncover why these landscapes are essential to our world.

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27 Feb 2024S3E6: Joshua Trees and Family Trees00:28:36
In this episode, host Chris Clarke shares an excerpt from his book in progress about the Joshua tree, the signature plant of the Mojave Desert. He reflects on his experiences in the desert, the balance of nature, and the kinship of all life. With vivid descriptions of the desert landscape and personal anecdotes, Clarke explores the connection between humans and the natural world.

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15 Oct 2024S3E30: Exploring the Art and Science of Joshua Trees01:10:47

Juniper Harrower
Juniper Harrower is an artist and ecologist currently serving as an art professor at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Born in Palm Springs and raised in the high desert, Harrower has a profound connection with desert ecology. Her work is deeply intertwined with Joshua tree ecosystems, blending art with scientific inquiry to explore the impact of climate change on desert habitats. Harrower's work has been featured in academic and artistic spheres, with a focus on ecological relationships and environmental restoration.

Sant Khalsa
Sant Khalsa is an accomplished artist and curator who has been actively engaged in environmental issues through her artwork for over four decades. A professor emerita from Cal State San Bernardino, Khalsa has contributed extensively to eco-conscious art practices. Her curatorial work, especially on the exhibition "Desert Forest:  Life with Joshua Trees," highlights her commitment to the intersection of art, environment, and activism.

Chris Clarke
Chris Clarke is a presenter and writer with a keen focus on environmental conservation, particularly involving desert ecology and Joshua trees. He has a history of extensive research and analysis on ecological subjects, bringing both scientific and cultural insights into discussions on plant conservation.

Episode Summary:

Explore the rich intersections of art, ecology, and desert life in this episode with Juniper Harrower, Sant Khalsa, and Chris Clarke. As curators and contributors to the "Desert Forest: Life with Joshua Trees" exhibition and book, Sant and Juniper provide in-depth insights into their journey from conception to realization of this comprehensive project. Highlighted by compelling storytelling, the episode delves into their deep-rooted connections to the desert, blending scientific research with artistic expression to illuminate the pressing environmental issues affecting Joshua trees today.

The conversation covers the inspiration behind the exhibition, aiming to elevate the dialogue around Joshua Trees through a blend of factual inquiry and creative artwork. The exhibition, part of the Getty-supported PST art and science Collide, explores the rich ecological, cultural, and historical narratives surrounding Joshua Trees. Sant and Juniper share the collaborative process of engaging over 50 artists, writers, and scientists (and some contributors that fit into more than just one of these categories) to create multidimensional representations of the desert ecosystem.

Key Takeaways:

  • Integration of Art and Science: The "Desert Life with Joshua Trees" project successfully merges scientific research with artistic expression to present a comprehensive understanding of Joshua trees and their ecosystems.

  • Curatorial Approach: Sant Khalsa emphasizes the exhibition's unique curatorial approach by highlighting its breadth and the synergy between artists who live in the Joshua Tree area.

  • Community Involvement: Both the book and exhibition foster community engagement by raising awareness of ecological issues and promoting proactive environmental stewardship.

  • Environmental Threats: The show underscores the urgent threats faced by Joshua Trees, including climate change, industrial development, and habitat destruction.

  • Cultural Significance: Juniper and Sant explore the deep-rooted cultural symbolism of Joshua Trees and address historical and current challenges through art and science narratives.

Resources:

Immerse yourself fully in the "Desert Life with Joshua Trees" exhibition and book to appreciate the intricate dance of art, science, and nature presented by Juniper Harrower and Sant Khalsa. Consider this episode a portal into deeper understanding and appreciation of desert life, with a wealth of knowledge that emphasizes sustainability, cultural identity, and ecological balance. Stay tuned for more from the 90 Miles from Needles podcast, illuminating the vast and vibrant landscapes of our deserts.

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11 Oct 2022S1E19: Shannon Salter Fights to Save the Desert00:42:13

Solar in the built environment could meet America's need for electrical power. But still the desert is in the crosshairs. Public lands with intact habitat are coming under extreme threat because of the Inflation Reduction Act and subsidies for utility scale solar. Shannon Salter is the founder of Mojave Green, an environmental organization dedicated to protecting the Mojave Desert. https://mojavegreen.org/?page_id=149 She organized a protest event at the site of the Yellow Pine Solar Project in Pahrump Nevada, one of dozens of solar projects proposed along the route of the pending Green Link West transmission line. we were there with our recording equipment.

Also, Chris and Alicia come upon a mystery in the Mojave Desert. 

Take our reader survey at https://90milesfromneedles.com/survey

Eplanning site for Bonnie Claire Lithium  https://eplanning.blm.gov/eplanning-ui/project/2021595/510

More on the Piñon -Juniper study: https://phys.org/news/2022-10-pinyon-juniper-tree-species-declining-ranges.html

Keep tabs on those frisky Devils Hole pupfish: https://www.nps.gov/deva/learn/nature/devils-hole.htm

Keep our podcast going! https://90milesfromneedles.com/patreon

 

 

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19 Mar 2024S3E8: Border Wall: A Barrier to Wildlife and Humanity00:48:01

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke interviews Myles Traphagen, a conservationist and scientist working with The Wildlands Network. They discuss the impact of the border wall on wildlife and the environment, as well as the artificial humanitarian crisis at the US-Mexico border. Traphagen highlights the need for a more humane and constructive approach to immigration and emphasizes the importance of understanding the ecological consequences of border policies. Tune in to gain insight into the complex issues surrounding the border and the urgent need for change.

The borderlands storymap Myles describes is here.

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29 Jun 2021Season 0 Episode 1: Trailer for 90 Miles from Needles00:05:45

A brief description of what we'll be doing with the podcast, partly to answer questions and partly to get practice with our equipment. All flaws and glitches included for transparency's sake.

Transcript (Chris C. speaking):

I'm in a low pass in the Bigelow Cholla Garden Wilderness. The Bigelow Cholla Garden sounds like a place only a fool would visit. The Bigelow Cholla Garden is a garden in the same sense that the Devil's Playground is a playground. But I'm looking out over the panorama to the Southeast that includes the Stepladder Mountains, the Turtle Mountains, the Chemehuevi Mountains, the Whipples in the far distance; aside from the breeze, just... quiet.

[music intro]

About 15 years ago when I had a blog. Do you remember blogs? I remember blogs. About 15 years ago on my blog, I asked readers what we were fighting for. It turned out to be a difficult question to answer. Back in 2005 or so we all knew what we were fighting against. Bush was in the white house. The US military was involved in two land wars that we knew of.

There were increasing infringements on civil rights. There were plenty of things that we were fighting against. And one day I just realized that I didn't know what we were fighting for. So I asked that question on my blog and readers had a lot of answers but every answer that said "we are fighting for X" was essentially fighting against something.

"We are fighting for an end to the war." "We are fighting to stop attacks on women's rights, on civil rights." There were a few people that suggested it was a rather privileged question that we have so many things to fight against that thinking about what we're fighting for, thinking about the kind of society and the kind of world we want to build is a privilege and a luxury. 

And honestly, I found it a little hard to argue with that. But still, I thought if we don't have in mind the kind of world we want, we're not going to do as good a job of fighting against the things we don't want. 

Since I moved to the desert, since I became involved in protecting the desert, that question no longer bothers me. I know what I'm fighting for. The Southwestern deserts in north America are the largest stretch of ecologically functional habitat left in north America, south of the tundra.

They are a wealth of biological diversity. They possess some of the oldest living things on the planet. There are plants living in the desert that are self-aware. Every time we look at the desert, we find new species. 

And from a cultural political point of view, the native cultures that grew here in the desert that we settlers and descendants of settlers get our best to displace are still intact, still have an intact relationship with land, still have that cultural connection to the mountains, the washes, the springs. The landscape is a living thing. It has integrity. It has an importance that has little to do with human beings though not nothing. It's a landscape in which we are not the most important species, but despite what some would have you think we do belong here in a way. 

But less tangibly than all of those things, the desert is a place where one can find renewal, both in the desert and in one's self. The desert is a place where you can see the ecological processes going on in deceptive simplicity. And by understanding a bit more, noticing a bit more, you can feel a bit more connected. The desert is a place where you can go and feel unimportant, and yet huge. 

There are many things worth fighting for in this world. The desert is what I'm fighting for. And the people that call it home.

By putting together the podcast 90 Miles from Needles, what I want to do is bring that desert to you. The sounds, the experienc

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29 Jul 2021Trailer 2, Season 0: Introducing Alicia Pike00:14:43

On a visit to Bonanza Spring, threatened by the Cadiz corporation's plan to mine desert groundwater for profit, Alicia Pike talks about what she hopes to bring to 90MFN as cohost.

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03 Sep 2024S3E26: The New Western Solar Plan: A Disaster for Desert Ecosystems?00:36:08

Chris Clarke delves into the controversial final programmatic environmental impact statement for the western Solar Plan, revealing the potential ecological damage from vast solar developments across 11 states. Despite personal support and advocacy for solar power, Clarke critiques the plan's sprawling approach and highlights a more sustainable alternative that might surprise you. The episode emphasizes the urgent need for smarter solar deployment to mitigate climate change without sacrificing crucial desert ecosystems. Tune in for a comprehensive analysis and a compelling argument for better planning in renewable energy projects.

• Chris Clarke's Email Newsletter: Letters from the Desert

• USGS Land Use Data: https://www.usgs.gov/news/estimates-areal-extent-us-parking-lots-now-available

• Western Solar Plan:** (Extensive documentation on the 2024 and 2012 Western Solar Plans for context on the policy discussed.) https://blmsolar.anl.gov/solar-peis-2023/

Listeners are encouraged to tune into this informative episode to gain deeper insights into solar energy policies.

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01 Apr 2025S4E10: 3 Ways the Desert Improves Your Life00:40:26

Episode Summary:

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast," host Chris Clarke looks into three astonishing science facts about deserts that challenge traditional views of these arid landscapes. From the surprising biological interactions involving desert tortoises and ticks to the hidden carbon-sequestering prowess of desert soils, the episode showcases desert ecosystems, their intricate balance, and the sometimes unexpected roles they play. This episode provides a fresh perspective on how deserts contribute to global environmental stability and why they merit protection.

The first segment of the episode highlights the intriguing relationship between desert tortoises and ticks, specifically the role tortoises play in reducing the prevalence of tick-borne diseases like tick-borne relapsing fever. Clarke discusses research by Dr. Molly June Bechtel, which reveals that desert tortoises possess a blood factor that reduces harmful Borrelia bacteria, thereby offering insights into the greater ecological importance of these critically endangered reptiles.

In another surprising desert fact, Clarke explores the soil carbon sequestration abilities of arid ecosystems. Despite popular misconceptions, deserts store immense amounts of carbon, thanks to unique geological and biological processes such as calcium carbonate formation and glomalin production by mycorrhizal fungi. These findings emphasize the critical environmental role deserts play and their potential impact on mitigating climate change.

The episode concludes with a fascinating examination of desert pavement, a geological phenomenon that stabilizes loose sediment and contributes to air quality by preventing dust pollution. Clarke describes how desert pavement forms over time and its ecological benefits, like housing viable wildflower seed banks. This episode not only captivates with revelations about the intricate mechanisms at play in desert environments but also reinforces the necessity of preserving these ecosystems for their environmental and health benefits.

Key Takeaways

Desert tortoises host ticks, which have a low incidence of Borrelia due to a bactericidal factor in tortoise blood, aiding in controlling tick-borne diseases.

America's deserts act as significant carbon sinks, sequestering over 55 million tons of carbon annually through soil processes like glomalin production and caliche formation.

Desert pavements, formed over time through wind and water interactions, play vital roles in air quality and soil stability.

Protecting desert ecosystems is crucial, not only for conserving biodiversity but also for their role in reducing climate change impacts and preventing the spread of diseases.

The podcast emphasizes the various misunderstood yet essential ecological functions of deserts, advocating for their conservation.

Notable Quotes

"One desert tortoise has done more for human public health than an entire RFK junior."

"We may actually be making climate change worse in the long term by destroying the desert to put in solar power."

"A feature of the landscape that's about as innocuous as you can imagine turns out to clean our air of asthma-inducing dust." 

"If we're going to get through this really ugly period, it's going to have to be about the love."

Resources

Desert Protection Podcast Website: https://90milesfromneedles.com

Research by Molly June Bechtel, PhD: https://www.90milesfromneedles.com/downloads/bechtel_ticks/

Andrew Alden's blog post on desert pavement at the Cima Volcanic Field: https://www.thoughtco.com/theories-of-desert-pavement-1441193

More on glomalin from the Summertree Institute: https://summertree.org/the-desert-underground/

Desert Advocacy Media Network: https://thedamn.org

To uncover more revealing insights into the remarkable intricacy of desert ecosystems, listen to the full episode.

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15 Jan 2024S3E1: Four Books That Will Change How You See The Desert00:44:37

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast," host Chris Clarke introduces four books that will challenge preconceptions about the desert. The first book, "The Arid Lands: History, Power, and Knowledge" by Diana K. Davis, challenges the notion that deserts are wastelands in need of development. The second book, "Peoples of a Sonoran Desert Oasis" by Jared Orsi, explores the history and culture of Quito Bacito and the impact of border policies on the oasis. The third book, "Dead in Their Tracks" by John Annerino, sheds light on the human cost of crossing the desert borderlands. Lastly, "Chasing Centuries" by Ron Parker uncovers ancient agave cultivars and their significance in Native American cultures. Tune in to discover a new perspective on the desert.

Buy the books: 

The Arid Lands; History, Power, Knowledge

Chasing Centuries

Peoples of a Sonoran Desert Oasis: Recovering the Lost History and Culture of Quitobaquito 

Dead in Their Tracks: Crossing America's Desert Borderlands in the New Era

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16 Apr 2024S3E11: Desert Stories00:37:57
In this episode host Chris Clarke shares his recent visit to the Amargosa Basin, highlighting the stunning wildflower bloom and the importance of supporting local communities. He also presents three captivating desert stories, including the self-awareness of bursage plants, the connection between humans and coyotes, and the deceptive allure of desert magic.

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23 Oct 2023S2E13: Dealing With Loss00:41:22
It's been a minute since we published an episode, in part because Chris and Alicia have had complicated lives. Here's how we contend with bad news inside and out of the desert: we go to ground in the desert.

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30 Apr 2024S3E13: Why Protecting Cultural Sites is Important00:48:43

In this revealing episode, we delve into the clandestine underworld of archaeological site looting and cultural vandalism in the Southwest. Our esteemed guests, Shannon Cowell and Dustin Whiting of Archaeology Southwest, shine a light on the often-underreported plundering of ancestral lands and the complex web of issues surrounding heritage justice.

Resources:

  • Archaeology Southwest Website: Archaeology Southwest
  • Save History Project: Save History

  • Children's activity book on cultural site preservation: Available for free download on the Save History website.

  • "End Loot Toll-Free Tip Line": 1-833-END-LOOT, for reporting looting incidents and seeking guidance on cultural artifacts.

Encounter the full gravity of the ethics, laws, and untold stories threading through our nation's desert heritage by listening to this full episode. Stay engaged with "90 Miles from Needles" to uncover more intriguing topics that resonate deeply with those who cherish the desert and its legacy.

 

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24 Sep 2024S3E28: There Ain't No Big Faucet: Water Politics with the Great Basin Water Network00:52:32

About the Guest:

Kyle Roerink is the Executive Director of the Great Basin Water Network. Roerink has been a pivotal figure in advocating for sustainable water management across the Great Basin and the Colorado Plateau. His organization has played a significant role in addressing critical issues related to water rights, environmental protection, and the ecological impact of industry and urban development in the arid Southwest.

Episode Summary:

In this engaging episode of "90 Miles from Needles," Chris Clarke speaks with Kyle Roerink, Executive Director of the Great Basin Water Network, about the ongoing battles and emerging concerns regarding water rights and environmental conservation in the arid regions of the Great Basin and the Colorado River Basin. The conversation kicks off with a light-hearted discussion about an unusual statement from the former president regarding a mythical "faucet" to solve water issues in California, setting an intriguing tone about broader misconceptions and real challenges. The episode delves deep into current projects and proposals that threaten the water security and ecological balance in the regions. Roerink highlights the pressing issues surrounding lithium mining in Green River, Utah, and its potential environmental impact. The conversation explores the novel direct lithium extraction technology and the legal precedents it may set, impacting future mining projects in the area. The discussion also touches on the alarming number of proposed new dams and diversions in the Upper Colorado River Basin and the implications for downstream water rights and ecological health.

Key Takeaways:

Direct Lithium Extraction and Environmental Concerns: The controversial lithium mining project in Green River, Utah, utilizing direct lithium extraction technology, poses several environmental risks and legal challenges, particularly concerning groundwater rights and public welfare.

Over-Allocation of Colorado River Water: The ongoing issues of water over-allocation on paper versus actual availability, exacerbated by climate change and decreasing water flows, put immense pressure on water management across the Colorado River Basin.

Ecological and Legal Implications of New Dams and Diversions: The numerous proposed dam and diversion projects in the Upper Colorado River Basin underscore the need for rigorous scrutiny and sustainable planning to prevent exacerbating water shortages and ecological damage.

Glen Canyon Dam and Long-term Water Management: Discussion on the feasibility and future of maintaining both Lake Mead and Lake Powell reservoirs, with a growing consensus favoring prioritizing Lake Mead due to infrastructural and water delivery benefits.

Community and Environmental Advocacy: Highlighting the importance of grassroots advocacy, collaboration among diverse stakeholders, and the significant role of public knowledge and engagement in addressing the complex water issues in the arid Southwest.

Notable Quotes:

Kyle Roerink: "We can only do the green energy transition once. There's no room for error, there's no margin for error."

Chris Clarke: "There's a whole lot of money that you can make in destroying the desert, but not too much in saving it."

Kyle Roerink: "Mother Nature is the best teacher."

Kyle Roerink: "I think, like post federal lands Policy and Management act, that post Flitma era and push that really bolstered the environmental movement."

Kyle Roerink: "If we're to believe the nation's best scientists, the worst is yet to come."

Resources:

Great Basin Water Network https://greatbasinwater.org/

Living Rivers http://www.livingrivers.org/

Glen Canyon Institute https://www.glencanyon.org/

UC Berkeley Climate Futures Lab https://nature.berkeley.edu/ClimateFuturesLab

For more groundbreaking discussions about desert protection and water conservation, don't forget to listen to the full episode and stay tuned for more insightful content from "90 Miles from Needles." The desert needs your support and awareness now more than ever.

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21 May 2022S1E10: Remembering Phil Klasky and Ward Valley00:46:02

From the mid-1980s until the first months of the 21st Century, a coalition of desert tribes and non-Native activists worked to keep the state of California from siting a low-level nuclear waste dump in the Mojave Desert, on land sacred to at least five tribes, above an aquifer that drains into the Colorado River. Philip Klasky, an instructor at San Francisco State and a resident of the desert in San Bernardino County, played a crucial role in that campaign, which succeeded against all odds. Phil's story is a lesson in how people working together can beat those odds. He also taught us at 90 Miles from Needles the importance of Native peoples taking the lead in land-based campaigns.

Phil died unexpectedly earlier this year. We are grateful to The Mojave Project for allowing us to use their recorded interview with Phil, and to our friend Matthew Leivas of the Chemehuevi Tribe for sharing with us the Salt Songs he sang at Ward Valley in May to honor Phil.

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21 Aug 2022S1E16 Flood and Drought; Death Valley and the Great Salt Lake00:53:02

As the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts contend with record rainfalls, climate change and urban development are drying up the Great Salt Lake. We talk to David Smith of Joshua Tree National Park about floods in desert parks, and Zachary Frankel of Utah Rivers Council about saving the Salt Lake.

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15 May 2024S3E15: The Surprising Longevity of Desert Plants00:37:52
Discover the ancient plants of the desert in this episode of 90 Miles from Needles. From the 11,700-year-old King Clone creosote bush to the surprisingly long lifespans of cholla cacti and Mojave yuccas, host Chris Clarke explores the remarkable longevity of these desert plants. Learn how scientists determine the age of these plants through historic photographs and longitudinal studies. Gain a new appreciation for the resilience and beauty of these ancient desert inhabitants.

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18 Sep 2024S3E27: Los Alamos's Dark Legacy: Plutonium Pollution in Plain Sight00:49:38

About the Guest:

Dr. Michael E. Ketterer is a Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at Northern Arizona University. With extensive expertise in analytical chemistry and environmental analysis of radionuclides such as uranium and plutonium, Dr. Ketterer has dedicated his recent research to studying hazardous contamination from historical nuclear activities. He collaborates with various organizations to unveil significant public health and environmental threats, focusing particularly on fallout from the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, New Mexico.

Episode Summary: In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke is joined by Dr. Michael Ketterer, a seasoned expert in analytical chemistry and environmental radioactivity. Together, they explore the often-overlooked subject of plutonium contamination in Los Alamos, New Mexico.

Dr. Ketterer's in-depth research reveals shocking levels of contamination left over from Manhattan Project activities in the 1940s and onward. Living in close proximity to this historic contamination presents significant health risks, which have been largely underreported until now. Dr. Ketterer details his findings, explaining how he independently verified the presence of dangerous amounts of plutonium in water and sediment samples in Acid Canyon, a site previously deemed "cleaned up" by federal authorities. He discusses the broader environmental and public health implications, emphasizing how this hidden contamination endangers not only the local communities but also areas downstream of Los Alamos.

This episode is a clarion call for greater public awareness and stricter environmental standards to protect against long-lasting radiological hazards. Key Takeaways: Undetected Contaminants: Dr. Ketterer’s research uncovers significant levels of plutonium contamination in Acid Canyon, Los Alamos, contradicting official cleanup claims. Health Risks and Oversight: Federal authorities and local scientists have underestimated or dismissed the health risks presented by the historical contamination, raising concerns about regulatory oversight. Isotopic Analysis for Identification: Using isotopic analysis, Dr. Ketterer shows that the contamination traces back to early uranium processing activities from the Manhattan Project, not just global fallout.

Environmental Justice Issues: Downstream communities, including Pueblo populations, face ongoing risks from long-standing contamination, underlining severe environmental justice issues.

Policy Implications: The discussion advocates for the expansion of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) to include New Mexicans affected by historic nuclear activities, along with stricter regulatory standards.

Notable Quotes:

  1. "It's mind-blowing to find 80 picocuries per liter of plutonium in the water. That’s extremely contaminated by any standard."
  2. "The land, soil, and plants downstream are contaminated forever, affecting people who had no say in these activities."
  3. "The government's lack of an apology and acknowledgment of the damage done is a critical issue. As Americans, we should apologize to New Mexicans."
  4. "Living near a site like this requires permanent environmental monitoring. The government won't do it for you; you have to take matters into your own hands."
  5. "The goal here is awareness and public participation. People, especially younger generations, need to question the reality of their environment and demand accountability."

Resources:

Nuclear Watch New Mexico Interactive Map (https://nukewatch.org/interactive-map-plutonium-contamination-and-migration-around-lanl/)

Searchlight New Mexico (https://searchlightnm.org/) - A publication dedicated to investigative journalism, including environmental issues

Dive into this enlightening episode to understand the serious implications of long-term plutonium contamination and the urgent need for public awareness and regulatory action.

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16 Jul 2024S3E21: The War on Facts: Environmental Protection after Chevron00:38:05
Under Chevron, agencies interpreted often vague language in laws passed by Congress. Supreme Court’s move now reallocates these decisions to the courts. We explain what this means.

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07 May 2024S3E14: Saving El Paso's Rio Bosque Wetlands00:50:17

About our Guest:

Jon Rezendes is an influential conservationist with a dedication to the preservation and rewilding of the Chihuahuan Desert region, particularly in El Paso, Texas. His military background brought him to El Paso, where he found a second home amid the natural beauty of the desert landscape. As the Vice President of the Frontera Land Alliance and a board member of the Texas Lobo Coalition, Rezendes is a champion for environmental causes in the region. He is a strong advocate for the protection of the Rio Bosque wetland, a critical riparian habitat threatened by development proposals.

Episode Summary:

In this thought-provoking episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke engages with Jon Rezendes to explore the rich ecological landscape and current environmental threats facing the Chihuahuan Desert, particularly the battle over the Rio Bosque wetlands in El Paso. The conversation provides an in-depth look at the socio-political challenges and the community's fight to prevent detrimental changes.

Jon Rezendes passionately discusses the significance of protecting the delicate Rio Bosque wetlands against proposed infrastructure projects such as a disruptive highway. The area, crucial for migratory birds and local flora and fauna, faces the pressure of urban sprawl and industrial traffic which could irrevocably damage this unique ecosystem. Supported by the local community and organizations, Rezendes highlights the urgent need for advocacy and action to sustain this natural gem. He envisions a future where rewilding efforts expand, forever changing the local desert into a cradle of biodiversity that could one day welcome apex predators like the Mexican wolf back into the region.

Key Takeaways:

  • The Rio Bosque wetlands near El Paso are a vital habitat for over 260 bird species and numerous other animals, yet they are currently endangered by various threats, including proposed highway projects.
  • Jon Rezendes advocates for realistic and sustainable alternatives to alleviate traffic that don't damage vital ecosystems, such as improving the existing rail transit system.
  • Defenders of the wetland are rallying against Texas DOT's proposal for highway construction, gathering community support through petitions and local agency involvement.
  • The vision for the Rio Grande Valley is one of expanded rewilding, potentially re-establishing apex predators like the Mexican wolf and removing barriers such as the border wall for ecological restoration.
  • It's critical for the conservation community and influencers beyond Texas to support the efforts to protect and rewild the Chihuahuan Desert ecosystems.

Notable Quotes:

  • "We intend to shine enough light on this situation to make sure that we're elevating the voices of the people in Socorro that don't want their home to be turned into an unrecognizable industrial wasteland."
  • "El Paso is small in terms of our influence, but we are mighty in terms of our grassroots efforts."
  • "We are not going to let this happen. This is absolutely backwards, and we will do anything in our power to prevent a highway through our wetland."
  • "Nothing would make me happier to know that wolves are running up and down the Rio Grande Valley again, passing between Mexico and the United States."
  • "Rio Bosque is fighting for survival amid Texas' broader environmental narrative, where prosperous future melds with respect for the land and vibrant riparian forests."

Resources:

As we delve into the rich tapestry of environmental activism and the future of the Chihuahuan Desert, we invite listeners to experience the full episode as Jon Rezendes shares his urgent advocacy call for Rio Bosque wetlands. Tune in and join this engaging conversation that may very well shape the natural legacy of Texas and beyond. Stay connected for more episodes from "90 Miles from Needles" that continue to enlighten and inspire.

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08 Apr 2025S4E11: Beauty Meets Struggle: The Endangered Treasures of BLM Lands00:51:06

About the Guest: 

Josh Jackson is a passionate author and explorer of public lands, focusing specifically on the often-overlooked Bureau of Land Management (BLM) territories in California. He is the mastermind behind the "Forgotten Lands Project," where he explores and highlights the beauty and significance of BLM lands throughout the West. His forthcoming book, "The Enduring: A Journey into California's Public Lands," scheduled for release later this year, captures his extensive experiences and insights from visiting these lands. Jackson is committed to raising awareness and fostering appreciation for America's public lands, hoping to inspire conservation efforts.

Episode Summary:

In this episode of 90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast, host Chris Clarke engages in a compelling conversation with author Josh Jackson about the significance of BLM lands in California. Josh shares his journey from discovering BLM lands to exploring them extensively and writing a book about his experiences. His book, "The Enduring: A Journey into California's Public Lands," aims to shed light on the underappreciated beauty and value of these lands, advocating for their protection against growing threats. This episode explores deeper themes of environmental conservation, management challenges, and the intersection of recreation and preservation on public lands. The discussion also dives into the current crises facing BLM lands under the current trying political climate, including government slashing agency budgets and staff. Josh offers his perspective on the importance of public engagement in land conservation, drawing parallels between treasured national parks and less-known but equally significant landscapes managed by the BLM. The conversation underscores the valuable connection between experiencing these lands and the motivation to protect them, highlighting Jackson’s aspiration to fuel public awareness and political action.

Key Takeaways:
BLM Land Discovery & Exploration: Josh Jackson discusses his initiation into exploring BLM lands in California and how those experiences fueled his book, "The Enduring."
Environmental and Political Challenges: The episode highlights the severe staffing and funding cuts faced by the BLM, threatening the conservation and management of public lands. Importance of Public Engagement: The conversation emphasizes the necessity of the public connecting with BLM lands to inspire conservation efforts.
California’s BLM Land Significance: Despite California's better balance in BLM land use, threats like mining persist, calling for heightened awareness and action.
Future Projects: Josh hints at potential explorations and writings about BLM lands in Utah, indicating continuous efforts in advocating for these regions.
Notable Quotes: "In the end, we will conserve only what we love." - Baba Dioum
"The anonymity that once protected these landscapes now works against them." - Josh Jackson
"It's a delicate balance between recreation and conservation." - Josh Jackson
"The desert invited me to leave behind my notions about what I might find or experience, or even how I might feel." - Josh Jackson

Resources:
Forgotten Lands Project: https://www.forgottenlandsproject.com
Pre-order Josh Jackson's book: https://90milesfromneedles.com/books
Past podcast episode with Kristen Brengel discussing Park Service layoffs: https://90milesfromneedles.com/s4e5
Find a Bernie Sanders event near you: https://berniesanders.com/oligarchy/
Find an April 19 event: https://www.fiftyfifty.one/events
This rich episode provides an insightful look into the complex world of BLM lands, urging listeners to appreciate and protect these often-overlooked areas.

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07 Jul 2022S1E13: Don't Die Today: Heat in the Desert00:40:05

Chris enjoys the desert at its hottest. Alicia, on the other hand, is closer to sanity. Both of them treat desert heat with respect. We talk about how to make sure your time in the desert doesn't end in tragedy. The desert needs its defenders alive! 

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06 Sep 2022S1E17: Mylar Balloons: threat or menace? plus Joshua Tree NP AMA00:48:13

Alicia takes on one of her personal bugbears: the endless supply of mylar balloons landing in the desert, choking wildlife and starting fires, just because people don't care what happens to their floating trash. Also, we subject Joshua Tree National Park superintendent David Smith to the Reddit Ask Me Anything treatment.

Episode image, which is kinda on the nose if you ask us, via our pal Cyndi T. in Tucson.

Find the Desert Balloon Project at https://www.facebook.com/desertballoonproject/

Check out jobs at Joshua Tree National Park: https://www.nps.gov/jotr/getinvolved/workwithus.htm

Check out the JTNP Climbing Management Plan in progress: https://www.nps.gov/jotr/getinvolved/climbingplan.htm

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11 Mar 2025S4E7: The Southwest's Hidden Urban Histories00:50:04

Join host Chris Clarke for an insightful discussion with journalist Kyle Paoletta about his book "American Oasis: Finding the Future in the Cities of the Southwest." Explore surprising histories and contemporary challenges of cities like Albuquerque, Las Vegas, and El Paso, and their role in shaping the desert Southwest. The episode examines urbanization, civil rights movements, and the cultural interconnectedness of cities across political borders. 

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11 Jun 2024S3E18: Don't Die Today! Staying Safe in Desert Heat00:38:54
Surviving and thriving in desert heat require a combination of knowledge, preparation, and vigilance. Understanding the immediate dangers, recognizing early symptoms of heat injuries, and taking practical precautions can help ensure safety for everyone venturing into these extreme conditions. By sharing these insights, we can better equip ourselves and our communities to handle the increasing temperatures and enjoy the desert’s unique beauty responsibly.

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29 May 2023S2E8: Native Activism in the Desert (Part 1)01:03:01

Chris and Alicia talk to Elizabeth Paige of Native American Land Conservancy and Save Our Springs.  Podcast episode photo by John Fowler.

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05 Feb 2024S3E4: Nevada Supreme Court Upholds Water Protections for Desert Wildlife00:21:47

In this episode, host Chris Clarke speaks with Patrick Donnelly of the Center for Biological Diversity about a significant victory in the Nevada Supreme Court regarding water rights. They discuss the case of Coyote Springs, a proposed city in the desert that would have a detrimental effect on the Muddy River and its endangered species. The court ruling sets a precedent for managing groundwater and surface water as a single resource, potentially affecting other areas in Nevada facing similar water issues. This episode sheds light on the importance of protecting desert ecosystems and the interconnectedness of water resources.

Read the Center for Biological Diversity's press release on the Nevada Supreme Court decision.

Read and subscribe to Patrick Donnelly's email newsletter Sage and Sand.

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25 Apr 2024S3E12: Our 50th Episode00:28:10

In this 50th episode of "90 Miles from Needles," host Chris Clarke reflects on the importance of protecting the desert and the need for more desert activists. He discusses the challenges faced by the desert, including resource extraction and the loss of news media coverage. Clarke emphasizes the role of the podcast in providing information and inspiring listeners to become committed activists. With only 100 recurring donors supporting the podcast, he calls for more support to expand the reach and effectiveness of the show. Tune in to learn how you can help protect the desert.

Find The Sage and Sand Newsletter at https://sageandsand.substack.com/

Watch the "Loving Joshua Tree" episode of KCET's Earth Focus at https://www.pbssocal.org/shows/earth-focus/episodes/loving-joshua-tree

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21 Jul 2022S1E14 The Bean Trees! But first, please help us00:34:49

There's good news: the desert offers sweet sustenance that can be had for a little bit of work. And we mean actual food, not that metaphorical well being stuff. Though that's here too. 

But first, Chris offers some thoughts on how to help 90 Miles from Needles get to more people, and Alicia recuperates from an unfortunate but temporary rambunctious-dog-related injury. (She is getting better.)

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11 Feb 2025Teaser: a quick update00:04:15

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles," Chris provides listeners with an update on the state of the podcast. Despite a minor setback due to illness, Chris emphasizes the importance of authentic desert protection content while previewing future episodes. The upcoming "Other Podcasts" episode (actual title to be determined) promises to feature recommendations on influential podcasts like "The Border Chronicle," known for its in-depth analysis of border and migration issues. 

Key Takeaways:

  • The update explains a brief hiatus in regular programming due to the host’s bad cold and resulting voice issues.
  • Upcoming episodes in the pipeline include feature recommendations for other podcasts related to desert protection and advocacy.
  • Chris provides a sneak peek into "The Border Chronicle," a podcast focused on the U.S.-Mexico border and related issues. 
  • The newly redesigned 90 Miles from Needles podcast website aims to enhance user experience and engagement.
  • Personal note shared on Chris's dog Heart undergoing cancer surgery, with an emotional appeal to listeners.

Resources:
The Border Chronicle (https://www.theborderchronicle.com/)
90 Miles from Needles Podcast Website (https://90milesfromneedles.com)
To donate to 90 Miles from Needles, text "needles" to 53-555

Become a desert defender!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

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02 Feb 2023S2E3: Governor Ducey's Border Wall Comes Down00:45:31

In late 2022, Arizona Governor Doug Ducey ordered the illegal construction of sections of ineffective but ecologically disastrous border wall made out of shipping containers. Then, in response to a federal order as he prepared to leave office, he ordered that wall torn down. Protesters on the ground helped in a big way, by forcing contractors to stop work on the project.

We talk to Melissa Del Bosque, co-founder of the Border Chronicle project, a podcast and email newsletter reporting on border issues from Tucson, AZ. Our interview is accompanied by audio recorded on the scene of the illegal border container wall by Patrick Donnelly of the Center for Biological Diversity.

Then, Chris and Alicia discuss upcoming episodes of the podcast and thank you listeners for your support.

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15 Apr 2025S4E12: We Need To Talk About "De-Extinction"00:40:19

About the Host: Chris Clarke is an environmental advocate and the knowledgeable host of the "90 Miles from Needles" podcast. He is committed to desert protection and conservation, bringing decades of experience and insights into environmental issues, policy discussions, and activism. Known for drawing attention to critical environmental concerns, including endangered species and responsible land use, Chris actively engages with audiences who care deeply about ecological preservation and advocacy.

Episode Summary:

In this engaging episode of the "90 Miles from Needles" podcast, host Chris Clarke examines the much-talked-about claim of dire wolf de-extinction by a biotech firm. Chris navigates through the intricacies of this scientific breakthrough, unearthing the partial truths and sensationalism, while keeping a focus on broader environmental implications. Throughout the episode, Chris challenges the notion of de-extinct species fitting seamlessly into today's ecosystems. Drawing parallels between the dire wolves and other potential candidates for de-extinction, like the Shasta ground sloth, he discusses the feasibility and ethical considerations of such scientific pursuits. The conversation isn't just about biology; it encompasses the cultural and ecological dynamics that ground these animals in past and present narratives. Tying together scientific discourse and environmental activism, Chris highlights why preserving current ecosystems is critical for any species reintroduction success.

Key Takeaways:

The idea of de-extincting dire wolves is riddled with complexities, from scientific limitations to ecological impacts. Dire wolves possibly have physical adaptations ill-suited to surviving in today’s drastically altered ecosystems, calling into question their viability if brought back. De-extinction efforts are providing the antienvironmentalists in power with arguments to rescind environmental protection laws. The example of California condors serves as a reminder of the financial and ecological challenges faced in conservation and species restoration efforts. Chris advocates for a holistic approach to conservation that considers ecosystems' dynamic nature and the cultural knowledge animals pass down through generations.

Notable Quotes:

"Even if we grant Colossal Biosciences claims… the dire wolf is useless without its habitat."

"The ecosystem that held the species and the relationships changes… they become, to some extent, new ecosystems."

"What's the difference between that and releasing an invasive species into a habitat that doesn't have a niche for it?"

"As long as they're in Botanic gardens, we don't have to worry, right? But it's the relationships that are important here."

"If the process of theoretical de extinction is going to be used as an excuse to get our basic environmental laws…"

Resources:

Learn more about the podcast and support 90 Miles from Needles: https:/90milesfromneedles.com

Hank Green's response: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ar0zgedLyTw

Hank offers a correction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jGFT2rnL8Y

Ventana Wildlife Society Condor Status pge: https://www.ventanaws.org/status.html

The Bernie & AOC event in Los Angeles (All 5.5 hours!) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mU_GhbFH2Gw&t=11697s

Listen to the full episode for a comprehensive understanding of the topic discussed and stay tuned for more insightful discussions from "90 Miles from Needles." This episode serves as both an enlightening exploration of modern conservation challenges and a call to action for listeners invested in ecological preservation.

Become a desert defender!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

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27 Nov 2023S2E15: On Giving Tuesday, Make a Difference for the Desert00:09:37

Summary: Chris discusses the challenges that the deserts will face in 2024, including increased utility scale development of renewable energy, the threat of lithium mining, and the continuation of border policies that waive environmental laws. Chris emphasizes the need for accurate advocacy for the deserts and challenges the misconception that the desert is a defective version of other ecosystems. He introduces the Desert Advocacy Media Network and highlights the importance of support to continue their work in providing accurate information and promoting desert protection.

Key Takeaways:

  • 2024 will bring challenges for the deserts, including increased utility scale development and the threat of lithium mining.
  • The Desert Advocacy Media Network aims to provide accurate information and challenge misconceptions about the desert.
  • Support is needed to hire sound editors, pay freelance reporters, and promote the podcast through targeted advertising.

Quotes:

  • "We have no lack of work to do. We just need to be able to do that work." - Chris Clarke
  • "Please consider helping us make the Desert Advocacy Media Network the place people turn to when they want to learn more about the desert and how to protect it." - Chris Clarke

How to Donate

Become a desert defender!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

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22 Apr 2023S2E7: Superb Loom00:44:01

There are flowers to be seen in the desert, if you know where to look. Chris and Alicia de-stress while enjoying the best of the desert, and discuss how best to celebrate such effusive blooms without destroying them.

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21 Jan 2025S4E2: Good News at Ash Meadows00:32:57

About the Guest: 

Mason Voehl is the Executive Director of the Amargosa Conservancy, which works to protect and celebrate the valuable ecosystems within the Amargosa Basin. Voehl's work includes a special focus on groundwater management near Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge. 

Episode Summary:

In this episode of "90 Miles from Needles: The Desert Protection Podcast," host Chris Clarke discusses the recent conservation victory concerning lithium drilling near Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge with Mason Voehl, Executive Director of the Amargosa Conservancy. As the episode unfolds, listeners are taken through the journey that led to a significant win for preserving this crucial desert oasis. The discussion focuses on how public support and science-based advocacy led to the U.S. Bureau of Land Management's recent decision to temporarily halt mining exploration that potentially threatens the sensitive groundwater systems crucial for the area's biodiversity. The conversation covers the unique ecological importance of Ash Meadows, home to numerous endemic species, and the continuous threats posed by Rover Critical Minerals' lithium exploration plans. Mason Voehl explains the strategic use of an administrative mineral withdrawal process to secure a 20-year pause on new claims that could disrupt the ecosystem. Furthermore, the dialogue explores the broader implications of mining, water conservation, and policy engagement, presenting a case study of community resilience and collaborative conservation efforts. This episode serves as a testament to achieving impactful environmental protection through grassroots activism, scientific grounding, and governmental engagement.

Key Takeaways:

  • Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge is a crucial biodiversity hotspot with rare and unique desert water sources.
  • Public and community-driven advocacy is vital in attaining conservation victories against large-scale industrial developments.
  • Temporary segregation of affected lands by the BLM can pave the way for potential long-term environmental protections.
  • The Devil's Hole pupfish, an endangered species, plays a significant role in shaping water management strategies.
  • Active community involvement and strategic litigation can leverage bureaucratic processes to secure ecological safeguards. 

Notable Quotes:

  • "Ash Meadows is the largest remaining oasis in the Mojave Desert and it is a biodiversity hotspot of international importance." – Mason Voehl
  • "For a long time we have hated and resented the Devil's Hole pupfish. And now it's the pupfish's turn to save us." – Mason Voehl
  • "We only got to this point because the local communities really believed in what we were doing." – Mason Voehl 

Resources:

Amargosa Conservancy: amargosaconservancy.org

Sign up for the AC's newsletter: amargosaconservancy.org/newsletters/

90 Miles from Needles Patreon (sign up for free to join our new community of desert defenders): 90milesfromneedles.com/patreon

Follow Amargosa Conservancy on social media for updates:

Listen to this episode to gain deeper insights into desert conservation strategies and the power of community-driven environmental action. Stay tuned for more episodes of "90 Miles from Needles" as we continue to explore and protect the incredible landscapes of the desert southwest.

Become a desert defender!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

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08 Nov 2023S2E14: Obi Kaufmann and The Deserts of California00:51:31

About The Guest(s): Obi Kaufmann is an artist, author, and naturalist known for his California Field Atlas series. His latest book, "The Deserts of California," explores the biodiversity and ecological systems of California's deserts.

Summary: Obi Kaufmann joins hosts Chris Clarke and Alicia Pike on the "90 Miles from Needles" podcast to discuss his latest book, "The Deserts of California." The book is part of his California Field Atlas series, which aims to explore the how of ecological systems rather than the what or where. Kaufmann shares his fascination with the complexity and diversity of California's deserts and the importance of celebrating and understanding their biodiversity. He also discusses the challenges of conservation and preservation in the face of development and exploitation. Kaufmann emphasizes the need for a democratic approach to finding solutions and the power of combining data and love in stewardship efforts. The conversation touches on the changing nature of the deserts, the importance of oral tradition and sharing knowledge, and the role of beauty and art in inspiring curiosity and hope.

Key Takeaways:

  • The California Field Atlas series aims to explore the how of ecological systems rather than the what or where.
  • The deserts of California are full of biodiversity and ecological complexity, challenging the perception of them as empty spaces.
  • Conservation efforts require a combination of data, love, and understanding to address the challenges of development and exploitation.
  • The deserts are a moving target, constantly changing and adapting to new conditions.
  • The power of beauty and art lies in its ability to inspire curiosity and hope.

Obi Kaufmann's podcast with Greg Sarris, Place and Purpose, can be found here: https://www.placeandpurpose.live/

Order The Deserts of California here: https://bookshop.org/p/books/the-deserts-of-california-a-california-field-atlas/19407146?ean=9781597146180

Quotes:

  • "The complexity is where the truth is. When things get too simple, too generalized, we miss so much." - Obi Kaufmann
  • "The desert is doing so much heavy lifting for both of those goals [conservation and carbon zero]." - Obi Kaufmann
  • "Democracy is having this conversation right now here." - Obi Kaufmann
  • "The desert itself is an indicator landscape, if you will. It's a litmus test of our stewardship." - Obi Kaufmann
  • "Acceptance of the natural cycles and patterns in nature brings peace and understanding." - Alicia Pike
  • "The combination of data and love is a powerful force for conservation and preservation." - Obi Kaufmann

Become a desert defender!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

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22 Apr 2022S1E8: The IPCC Lets the Deserts Down00:37:01

Plus, why rock stacking is a bad habit, and how you can keep the state of California from stripping protections from the western Joshua tree. Listen to the episode either before or after you click here: https://act.biologicaldiversity.org/1PcJypNEXEq5JSsEnx64gQ2?fbclid=IwAR0kuSiQL_uwsTaWx0D01QAA-VC-mitc4ZWeFAfuKnrvE9te-cUZpiAvSz0 to register your support for keeping the trees protected.

 

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01 Feb 2022S1E3: The Life, Death, and Rebirth of Cima Dome00:37:45

Cima Dome was supposed to be a place where Joshua trees were most likely to survive climate change. A climate-accentuated wildfire hit there anyway. In this episode, Chris relates how much the Cima Dome Joshua tree forest meant to him, he traumatizes Alicia by showing her the place, and then we talk with a National Park Service botanist about revegetation efforts. Despite the magnitude of the fire, individual efforts are already making a difference.

Support our show!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/patreon

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Become a desert defender!: https://90milesfromneedles.com/donate

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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